...expressed earlier by David Hume, who, in Section VIII of his Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding, wrote "It is universally allowed, that nothing exists without a cause of its existence" [Hume, 1894, p. 366]. Laplace is using "cause" in a fairly usual sense here. Keynes [1973] notes the...

...experimental conclusions. Hume, Davic An Enquiry Concerning Hitman Understanding Section IV (p. 35 It is universally allowed that nothing exists without...negative word, and means not any real power which has anywhere a being in nature. Hume, Davic An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding Section VIII (p....

...not anticipate Mill's argument and, in fact, never answers the first question at all. Though he says "It is universally allowed that nothing exists without a cause of its existence."31 he also grants that it is easy to conceive "that there is no absolute nor metaphysical...

...(1972) had the courage to shift to indeterminism and thus reverse Hume's dictum. He forcefully argued that "chance, when strictly examined, is a mere negative word, and means not any real power which has anywhere a being in nature" (Pierce, 1972, p. 11). Pierce (1961) had given chance the first place,...

...specific application to "beginnings of existence"—as a commonplace among philosophers. According to him, it is "universally allowed that nothing exists without a cause of its existence" (EHU $74); similarly, he describes the principle that "whatever begins to exist must have a cause of...

...94. « T., 1, 3, 3, p. 82. • T., 1. 3. 14. p. 172. question. Yet he says in the first Enquiry that 'it is universally allowed that nothing exists without a cause of its existence'.1 Our belief in this principle must, then, be due to custom. It is worth noting, however,...

...subject to universal laws of nature. 'A space was cleared for chance.'i9 In i748, David Hume had argued that 'chance, when strictly examined, is a mere negative word, and means not any real power which has anywhere a being in nature'. In i893, CS Peirce thought the word far from negative, and indeed not...

...definition we may give of liberty, we should be careful to observe two requisite circumstances: first, that it be consistent with plain matter of fact; secondly,...negative word and means not any real power which has anywhere a being in nature. But it is pretended that some causes are necessary, some not necessary....

...94. 4 T., i, 3, 3, p. 82. • T.. i, 3. 14, p. 172. question. Yet he says in the first Enquiry that 'it is universally allowed that nothing exists without a cause of its existence'.1 Our belief in this principle must, then, be due to custom. It is worth noting, however,...

...definition we may give of liberty, we should be careful to observe two requisite circumstances; First, that it be consistent with plain matter of fact; secondly,...circumstances, and render our definition intelligible, I arn persuaded that all mankind will be found of one opinion with regard to it. It is universally allowed...