...Southern notes that the controversy and this oath were not, as it is traditionally maintained, about the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist, but whether the presence was real and substantial in the Aristotelian sense of substance (Lanfranc...

...Protestants accused the Catholics of being cannibals like New World Indians because of their belief in the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist. Protestants, said the English divines, ate Christ only symbolically and therefore were civilized. Caribbean...

...Nicholas Hooper. The new men held religious opinions well to the left of Luther. They did not believe in the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist, but, like the Swiss reformer, Ulrich Zwingli, looked on the service as a memorial. Also, like the Swiss...

...Protestantism at a number of crucial passages. The most important of these changes affected the doctrine of the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the eucharist, over which Luther disputed much more vigorously and bitterly against other Protestants during the last...

...contained by them, just as up to then was the substance of the bread and wine.1 It is his teaching on the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist and on the nature of transubstantiation that reveals his power as a speculative theologian. The work that...

...confession of sins, and mandated participation in communion. It established a definitive formulation of the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist in the vaguely defined doctrine of transubstantiation.218 The creation of new religious orders was...

...theology.9 In the course of eucharistic controversies, Luther seems to have defended the doctrine of the real presence of the Body and Blood of Christ in the eucharist by arguing that Christ's human nature is (potentially) ubiquitous because the union of the natures...

...humanity as such enjoys ubiquity (as ubiquitism — admitted by Lutherans as a necessary condition for the real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist — holds).61 Leibniz adds to these two errors Monothelitism, that is, the admission in Christ of a...

...difference between the two religious camps, the act, in its final form, bore the stamp of orthodoxy. The real presence of the body and blood of Christ in the Eucharist was asserted, priests were ordered to uphold their vows of celibacy and private masses were endorsed....

...cardinal points were formulated into the famous Six Articles. These embodied the following dogmas : The Real Presence of the Body and Blood of Christ in the Eucharist ; Communion in both kinds not essential ; Celibacy of the clergy ; the continuance of Private Masses...