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About the year 1805. we remember feeing captain Goodall tranfacting bufinefs, as a broker, at Lloyd's; but we believe he did not long continue that purfuit. The fea was his proper fphere of action; and his majefty's order in council permitting a trade to St. Domingo under certain regulations, he proceeded thither, in the Young Refcius; and in a fhort time a ftrong attachment and friendthip was cemented between him and the prefident Chriftophe, who purchafed captain Goodall's fhip, and at the fame time appointed him commandant of the Haytian fleet, and his first officer, mr. Jolm MCulloch, with him. The latter foon after loft his life in an expedition against a fort under the fway of Petion, at Jean Rabel: the foit, however, was taken, and great honours have been paid by Christophe to the memory of inr. M-Culloch. The circumftances of mr. Goodall's connexion with this chief have been before the public; and the affair certainly does appear to have been honourable to all parties. Mr. Goodall's exertions have been inceffandy directed to promote the intereft of Chriftophe, the prefident of Hayti; on the fulleft conviction that an intimate local knowledge could afford, that fuch conduct was decidedly for the good of Great Britain. To mention the charities in this country to which Chriftophe has (probably on the recommendation of mr. Goodall) fo liberally conuibuted!, might feem trifling when we are talking of the Country; we may, however, mention two inftances, among many, of his anxiety to render fervice to Great

N O T E,

Mr. Goodall's able and fatisfactory vindication of his conduct in this business may be feen in The General Evening Post, of April 23, and May 14, 1808; and fome of the most refpectable underwriters at Lloyd's, who we may prefume to be well able to judge of the nature and conte quences of it, prefented him with a sword of the value of 200 guineas

Britain. Orders have long fince been iffued by the prefident to his little flotilla, in cafe they should meet any Britifh fhip at fea in distress, either from the enemy, or whatever other caufe, to reader it the most effective relief in their power, without any confideration of falvage or gratuity whatfoever. On the patriotic fuggeftion of mr. Goodall, he has allo ordered a moft extenfive cultivation of hemp, for the fupply of Great Britain; which, on a trial, has been proved to be only inferior as feven to eight to that which we have been accustomed to import from Ruffia.

The zeal and ability with which mr. Goodall has defended the caufe of Chriftophe (which, before he publifhed the ftateinent that we have above alluded to, had perhaps an equivocal character in the public eye). ferves moft clearly to prove the honour and independence of his character, as well as his fpirit, fkill, and experience; and will, no doubt, he. properly appreciated by the prefident, thould he ever return to Hayti,

Whether at fea or on land, the fubject of this memoir patriotically devoted his time and talents to the national fervice. He was one of the earliest volunteers in the loyal Loudon cavalry; and moft fincerely do we with, that this valuable officer may long, very long, enjoy health to continue actively engaged in the cause of his king and country.

Endymion the Exile.

LETTER IV.

THE prophet who faid cf ancient Tyre, her merchants are princes, would have faid of modern London her merchants are monarchs, had modern London fallen under his critical obfervation. Thou haft often laughed, my good friend Ambrose,

at the lace merchant in the Rue St.
Honore, who made a familiar bow
of recognition,
whenever madame

Busnaharte

Buonaparte paffed his fhop: but if thou hadst been fated to witnefs the luxury in which London merchants of all defcriptions contrive to live, thou wouldst learn to treat the members of that profeffion with more refpect. Is there in this metropolis an equipage that draws every head from every houfe window, by a horfe to every wheel, fand a groom to every wheel, and a groom to every fpring, depend upon it that equipage is the property of a banker, brewer, or foap boiler. Nor is this mode of life confined to merchants; fhopkeepers feel a noble emulation of the fame fort, and (efpecially on Sunday) contrive to drive and drefs, and walk and talk in a manner that would lead thee to fuppofe them performing thofe functions, like lord Lovat, three hours after their heads were off.

My lodging being at no great diftance from Hyde Park, I often indulge myself on Sunday with a walk in that motley promenade. The proteftants ridicule our jumble of religion and rejoicing on the feventh day. Let fuch laughers lean on my arm on a Sunday May morning, by the Serpen tine River, and I will then whisper in their ears-Mutato nomine, be te fabula narratur. Here may be seen law, phyfic, and divinity, jammed like a Perigord pie, into one compact mafs attornies' clerks, who engrofs deeds fix days in the week, hele aim at engroffing admiration on the feventh; apothecaries' apprentices, condemned, like labouring affes, to bray in their own mortars throughout the week, here meet to fhew that their folly is not departed from them; embryo tobacconifts break their indentures, and their horfe's wind at the fame time, and new-made baronet's kick up the duft of Rotten Row, without any danger of difcompofing that of their ancestors. Surely my friend all this may difpute the palm of ridicule with the Carnival of Venice. The only

difference I can perceive between the
two is, that here ladies appear in a
mafk of pafte, and there in one of
pafteboard. Not that I would have
thee fuppofe me fo caught in the
thackles of La Trappe, as to with
the good citizens of London to re-
pofe on that day in their own coffins.
I am not, I affure thee, poffeffed of
fuch narrow notions. But every
thing has a medium, as Lachaumette
faid, when he took the centre feat in
my good father's cabriolet. The
papifts may be too gay on that day;
the Puritans certainly are too gloo-
my. A few years ago three or four
perfons of the latter defcription,
thocked at the prophaneness of those
equestrians,

Quos curriculo pulverem Olympicum
Collegiffe juvat,

brought a bill into the lower houfe
to prohibit Sunday paftimes, and
Sunday newspapers. The men of
diftinction, upon that occafion, treat
ed the bill as they treat their own
tradefmen's bills, they ridiculed and
rejected it; and fince that period a
fwarm of Sunday newspapers have
ftarted up, that retail news, and criti-
cife plays and players, with equal
judgment, candour, and good nature.

It would be well for thofe ephemeral heroes, if they confined their glory to one day in feven, and would compound for being grubs all the week, on condition of being butter flies on Sunday. But this is far from being the cafe, and their foibles in this refpect are generally announced in due form in his majesty's gazette. A gig is the frequent precursor of a deed of compofition, and a rapid drive down Bond-ftreet, portends a ftoppage in Cheapfide. I can affure thee that these natives of the counter are feen in the pit of the Opera houle in greater numbers, than men of real fashion. Thou knoweft my paffion for mufic, and may'st well fuppofe that I frequent that fafhi

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onable refort, whenever a gratuitous in her eagerness to note the name of admiffion permits. The lively and the milliner, had totally forgotten to interefting madame D-, lately afk for that of her informant. Her did me the honour to recognize ne filence was conftrued of courfe into at the Opera-houfe. I can affure guilt, and my lady milliner made thee that her paffion for drefs is by immediate application to an embroi no means diminished, and when I dered bell-rope, which brought a tell thee that the paid more attention black fervant, with tags to his fhoulto a new fashioned laced cap on the ders, into the room." The fable at> head of a lady in the row before her, tendant was immediately desired by than to the trains of Catalani, or his miftrefs, in a haughty tone, to the bounds of Defhayes, thou wilt fhew the lady to her carriage, who believe me fincere. So eager was at the fame moment obferved to maher defire to obtain a fimilir orna- dame D, that without a proper ment, that without adverting to the recommendation, the made a point impropriety of accofting a ftranger, of concealing her fathions from evethe earnestly begged the white laced ry human eye. My God, madam,' unknown, to name the manufac- added the, you do not confider the turer of her cap. The other, with confequence of what you afk! If I great good nature, complied with her were to act in fo incautious a manrequest, and referred her to the cele- ner, a fashion might be finuggled brated mrs. Tiffany of Bond-fireet. into the city, before it had paid the I drank my coffee with madame regular duties in Baker fireet, or on the following Monday, Grosvenor Square, and I thould in and immediately after breakfast ef- future be contidered as fit only to tie corted her to the house of that in- lace round the chubby cheeks of a genious decorator of the human form. hop factor's wife, at a manfion, house We paffed through an elegant fuite ball. From fuch a dreadful catafof rooins, where a number of fo trophe, mrs. Tiffany was now remales were paying their adorations lieved by the appearance of madame to the goddefs of tafhion, with the D.'s carriage. A quick eye, my fervour of pilgrims at Loretto, and dear Ambrofe, might have carried off at length arrived at the boudoir of a fashion or two en paffent-I therethe priestess. Here fat the mighty fore confider myself and madame D. mrs. Tiffany, fipping chocolate, lol- eternally obliged to this inventress of ling on a yellow filk fofa, and playing fathions, by her not infifting on our with the left ear of pug dog. This return to the carriage blindfolded. immolatrix of muflin did not condefcend to rife at our approach, but with a flight bend of the head, that feemed to reproach the rest of the body for bending at all, afked madame D. for her ticket of admiffion. Our fair town woman at firft tupposed that he had made a miftake, and was fpeaking to an exhibiter of monkeys or dancing dogs, but was foon undeceived by being questioned, in a more peremp ry tone, who e

commended her? This was rather an unlucky enquiry, as our Paritian, July, 1808.

The importance of the following paper, (although it is from the pen of an enemy), is the only motive that induces us to favour its infertion:

On the comparative Powers and Expenfe of hips of War, Gun-boats, and Fortifications. By the cclebrated Thomas Paine. (Copied from an American Paper.)

THE natural defence by men is 3 G

com

common to all nations; but artificial defence, as an auxiliary to human ftrength, must be adapted to the local condition and circumstances of acountry.

What may be fuitable to one country, or in one ftate of circumftances, may not be fo in another.

The United States have a long line of coaft, of more than two thousand miles, every part of which requires defence, becaufe every part is approachable by water.

The right principle for the United States to go upon, as a defence for the coaft, is that of combining the greate practical power, with the leaft poffible bulk, that the whole quantity of power may be better diftributed through the feveral parts of fuch an extenfive coaft..

The power of a fhip of war is altogether in the number and fize of the guns the carries, for the fhip of itself has no power.

Ships cannot ftruggle with each other like animals; and befides this, as half her guns are on one fide of the fhip, and half on the other, and as the can use only the guns on one fide at a time, her real power is only equal to half her number of guns. A feventy-four can ufe only thirtyfeven guns. She muft tack about to bring the other half into action, and whke he is doing this the is defencelefs and expofed.

As this is the cafe with fhips of war, a queflion naturally arifes therefrom, which is, whether 74 guns, or any other number, cannot be more effectually employed, and that with much lefs expenfe, than by putting theni all into one fhip, of fuch an enormous bulk, that it cannot approach thore either to defend it or attack it; and though the hip can change its place, the whole number of guns can be only at one place at a time, and only half that number can be used at a time.

This is a true ftatement of the cafe

between fhips of war and gun-boats, for the defence of a coast and of town fituated near a coast.

But the cafe often is, that men are led away by the greatness of an idea, and not by the juftnefs of it! This is always the cafe with thofe who are advocates for navies and large fhips.*

A gun-boat carrying as heavy metal as a fhip of 100 guns can carry, is a one gun-fhip of the line; and fe venty-four of them, which would coft much less than a 74 gun fhip would coft, would be able to blow a 74 gun flip out of the water.

They have in the use of their guns double the power of the fhip, that is, they have the ufe of their whole number, of feventy-four to thirty-feven.

Having thus ftated the general outlines of the fubject, I come to particulars.

That I might have a correct data to go upon with respect to ships and gun boats,, I wrote to the head of one of the departments at Washington for information on the subject.

The following is the answer I received:

Calculating the cost of a 74 or 100 gun thip from the actual colt of the hip United States of 44 guns, built at Philadelphia, between the years 1795 and 1798, which amounted to 300,000 dollars, it may be prefumed, that a 74 gun thip would coft 500,000 dollars, and a 100 gun fhip 700,000 dollars.

Gun-boats, calculated merely for the defence of harbours and rivers, will, on an average, coft about 4000 dollars each, when fit to receive the crew and provifions.'

On the data here given, I proceed to ftate comparative calculations refpecting fhips and gun boats. T E.

N

A nation having a navy is a temptaThus, if America had had a navy, Engtion for an enemy to go to war with it.

land would have been at war with her long ago, to attack or obtain that navy !-Clio.

The

The fhip United States coft 300,000 dollars. Gun-boats coft 4000 dollars each, confequently the 30,000 dollars expended on the fhip, for the purpose of getting ufe of 44 guns, and thofe not heavy metal, would have built feventy-five gun-boats, each carrying a cannon of the fame weight of metal that a ship of a 100 guns can carry.

The difference therefore is, that the gun-boats give the use of thirtyone guns, heavy metal, more than can be obtained by the thip, and the expenfes in both cafes equal.

A 74 gun fhip colts 500,000 dollars. The fame money would build 125 gun-boats. The gain by gun-boats is the ufe of forty-one more guns, than can be obtained by expending the money on a fhip of 74 guns.

The cost of an 100 gun fhip is 700,000 dollars. This money would build 175 gun-boats; the gain therefore by the boats is the ufe of 75 guns more than by the ship.

Though I had a general impreffion ever lince 1 had the knowledge of gun-boats, that any given fum would go farther in building gun-boats than in building thips of war, and that gun-boats were preferable to flips for ho ne defence; I did not fuppofe the difference was fo great as the calculations above given prove them to be, for it is almoft double in favour of gun boats. It is as 175 to 100. The caufe of this difference is eafily explained. The fact is, that all that part of the expenfe in building a thip from deck upwards, including maits, yards, fails, and rigging, is faved by building gun-boats, which are moved by oars, or a light fail occafionally. The difference alfo, in point of repairs, between thips of war and gunboats, is not only great, but it is greater in proportion than in their firit coft. The repair of thips of war is annually from 1-14th to 1-10th of their first coft. The annual expenfe of repairs of a hip that coft 300,000 dollars, will be above 21,000

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dollars; the greatest part of this expenfe is in her fails and rigging, which gun-boats are free from. The difference alfo in point of duration is great.

1

Gun-boats, when not in ufe, can be put under fhelter, and preserved from the weather, but fhips cannot; or boats can be funk in the water or mud. This is the way the nuts of cider mills for grinding apples are preferved. Were they to be expofed to the dry and hot air, after coming wet from the mill, they would crack, and fplit, and be good for-nothing. But timber under water will continue found feveral hundred years, provided there be no worms.

Another advantage in favour of gun-boats, is the expedition with which a great number of them can be built at once. A hundred may be built as foon as one, if there are hands enough to fet about them sepa. rately. They do not require preparations for building them that thips requite, nor deep water to launch them in. They can be built on the shore of fhallow waters; or they might be framed in the woods, or forefts, and the parts brought feparately down, and put together on the thore. thips take up a long time in building.

The fhip United States took up two whole years, 1796 and 1797, and part of the years 1795 and 1798, and all this for the purpose of getting ule of 44 guns, and thofe not heavy metal.

This foolish affair was not in the

days of the prefent administration.

Ships and gun-boats are for different fervices. Ships are for diftant expeditions; gun-boats for home defence. The one for the ocean, the other for the fhore.

Gun-boats being moved by oars cannot be deprived of motion by calms, for the calmer the weather the better for the boat. But a hoftile hip becalmed in any of our waters,

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