CHAPTER II.

From the death of Archbishop Bancroft to the death of King James I.

ABBOT made archbishop. Account of all the translations of the bible

into English; Wickliffe's new testament, 1380; Tindal's new testament
1526; first edition of the bible, 1535; Matthew's Bible, 1537; Cran-
mer's bible, 1539; Geneva bible, 1559: Bishop's bible, 1568; Rhe-
mist testament, 1582; and bible, 1609, 1610; last translation by or-
16. der of king James I. 1611 King James's zeal against Vorstius. Here-

ties burnt, Bartholomew Legate, and Edw. Wightman. State of the

court. The king marries his daughter to the elector Palatine. Death

and character of Henry prince of Wales. New methods of raising

money. Abstract of the reformation in Ireland. Rise of the Scots

parliament in Ireland, and of their discipline. Articles of the church

of Ireland. Remarks. Rise of the Independents in England. Their

manner of erecting a church. The king's discourse in the star-cham-

ber. Mr. Bayne's death and character. Progress of the arminian con-

troversy in Holland. Synod of Dort. Names and instructions of the

English divines; their oath. Behavior of the remonstrants, and of

the English divines: censures of the synod. Proceedings in Scotland.

Five articles of Perth, ratified in parliament. Selden's recantation.

Mr. Bradshaw's death and character. Book of sports published. Re-

marks. State of the protestant religion in the kingdom of Bohemia.

Elector Palatine chosen king of Bohemia, acceptable to the puritans,

but disliked by the English court. Remarks. Puritans settle in New-

England. Mr. Robinson's parting speech to his congregation. Colony

of New-Plymouth Rise of the Arminians at court. Their remon-

strance against the papists. The king's arbitrary behavior. Laws

against the papists relaxed. Mr. Knight's sermon against the prerog-

ative. Oxford decree. The king's instructions to restrain the preach-

ing the doctrine of Calvin. Remarks. Archbishop Abbot accidentally

kills a man, and retires from court. Death and character of Mr. By-

field. The Spanish match. Articles of marriage, sworn to by the king

and prince of Wales. Archbishop Abbot against them. Prince of

Wales goes to Madrid. The match broke off. A new parliament.-

the king's answer to their petition. Remarks. French match. The

King dies. Summary state of religion in this reign. Character of

king James and of the court. A supplement, exhibiting an history of

the Baptists, and of the proceedings of the synod of Dort.

CHAPTER III.

From the death of King James 1. to the dissolution of the third parlia-
ment of King Charles 1 in the year 1628.

Character of king Charles I.; of his queen; the duke of Bucking-
ham; archbishop Laud; lord chief justice Finch; the council-table;
the star-chamber; the high-commission; state of arminianism and of
popery. Causes of the increase of popery. Petitions of the commons,
with the king's answer. Remarks. The king contributes to the loss
of Rochel. Mr. Montague cited before the commons; censured by par-
liament. Bishops' letter in his favor. Parliament dissolved. Arbi-
trary methods of raising money. The king's coronation. A new par-
liament. Articles exhibited against Montague. Conferences between
the Calvinists and Arminians. The king puts an end to the contro-

versy. Restraint of the press in favor of arminianism; complaint of

the booksellers; and in favor of popery. Gentlemen, citizens, and oth-

ers, imprisoned on account of the loan. Sibthorp's and Manwaring's

sermons for the prerogative. Archbishop Abbot suspended for refusing

to licence Sibthorp's sermon. Other reasons of the archbishop's sus-

pension. Bishop of Lincoln favorable to the puritans. War with

France. A new parliament. Petition of right. Manwaring's severe

sentence: he is pardoned and preferred. Montague consecrated bishop

of Chichester. Sibthorp preferred. Parliament's remonstrance, and

the king's answer. A jesuit's letter about the growth of arminianism.

State of religion in Ireland. Protestation of the Irish bishops against'

a toleration of popery. Proclamation of lord deputy Falkland against

the papists. Bishop Bedel's account of their numbers Remarks.-

Laud made bishop of London. The king's declaration before the thir-

ty-nine articles. Petition of the calvinists against it. Proceedings of

the parliament. Speeches of Mr. Rouse, Mr. Pym, Sir J. Elliot, and

Mr. Secretary Cook. Protestation of the commons against arminianism.

Remarks upon bishop Laud's answer. Arbitrary proceedings of the

Court with the parliament. Several members taken into custody. The

king's speech at the dissolution of the parliament. Remarks. Libels

against the ministers. The king's declaration of his reasons for dissolv-

ing the parliament. A proclamation against prescribing a time for

calling parliaments for the future. Death and character of Dr. Preston.

CHAPTER IV.

From the dissolution of the third Parliament of King Charles I. to the

death of Archbishop Abbot.

219-

Arbitrary methods of government in the state. Bishop Laud's scheme

for governing the church. The king's instructions about lecturers.-

Character of the lecturers. Proceedings against them. Mr. Bern-

ard's sufferings; Mr. Charles Chauncey's; and Mr. Peter Smart's.-

The rise of the Massachusett's-Bay colony in New-England: their

church covenant; the hardships they underwent ; their farewell request

to the church of England. The numbers of the planters that went

over in the first twelve years. Bishop Davenant, Mr. Madye, and oth-

ers, censured for preaching upon predestination. Dr. Leighton writes 136

against the bishops; his sentence, sufferings, and character. Innova-

tions introduced. Bishop Laud's consecration of Creed church, St.

Giles's church, and others. Remarks. A proclamation for repairing

churches. The Cathedral of St. Paul's repaired. Decorations and

paintings of cathedrals and other churches; viz. Canterbury, Durham,

and Lambeth chapel. Puritan preachers expelled the university for

preaching against arminianism. Hardships of Mr. Crowder. Mr.

Elliot removes to New-England. Death of Mr. Arthur Hildersham

and of Mr Robert Bolton Feoffees censured in the star-chamber, and

their impropriations confiscated. Sufferings of divers ministers for

preaching against church ornaments. Henry Sherfield's Esq. : trial, 25/

defence, and sentence of the court. Mr. Workman's sufferings. Bishop

Laud's care of the press. Regulations of the English factories in Hol-

land. The king's progress into Scotland. His usage of the Scots par-

liament. Acts passed. Bishop Laud's behavior in Scotland. His

regulation of the king's chapel in Edinburgh. Death and character of

archbishop Abbot.

CHAPTER V.

From the death of archbishop Abbot, to the beginning of the commotions

in Scotland, in the year 1637.

Laud advanced to the see of Canterbury. Wakes and revels on the
Lord's-day countenanced. Archbishop Laud's letter about them.———
Bishop of Bath and Wells's answer. Their original use. Feasts of
dedication. Church ales. Clerk ales. Bid ales. Declaration for
sports on the Lord's day. Of the morality of the sabbath. Remarks.
Hardships of the puritans with relation to the declaration. Sufferings
of Mr. Wilson and others for not reading it. Sufferings of Mr. Snel-
ling and his reasons for not reading the book of sports. Alterations in
the service book. Bowing at the name of Jesus. Communion tables
turned into altars. Mischiefs that attended it. Arguments for and
against it. Of bowing towards the furniture of the altar of the cathe-
dral of Canterbury. Consecration of the furniture. Injunctions
against lecturers. Laud's account of the state of his province. The

277
sentence of the star-chamber on Mr. Prynne, Dr. Bastwick, and Mr.

236 Burton. The Rev. Mr. Cotton removes to New England; and Mr.

Davenport, and Mr. Hooker. Dr. Ames's death and character. The

thirty-uine articles received in Ireland. Remarks. Mr. Sheppard re-

moves to New-England. French and Dutch churches obliged to con-

formity. Laud's injunctions to them. They are broken up. Foreign

protestant churches disowned. Brief for the Palatine ministers: Laud's

exceptions to it. Death and character of Mr Hugh Clark, and of Mr.

John Carter. Sufferers for non-conformity. Mr. Chauncey's recanta-

tion. Sufferings of the church-wardens of Beckington. Laud's ac-

count of his metropolitical visitation. Indiscreet zeal of the puritans.

Mr. Bulkley and Mr. Richard Mather remove to New-England. Af-

fairs of Scotland. Book of canons for Scotland. Remarks. Death

and character of Dr. Sibbes. The archbishop promotes the business of

the ecelesiastical courts; and holds them in his own name contrary to

the law. New statutes for Oxford. Bishop's articles of visitation ille-

gal. Church-wardens' oath. Abstract of Bishop Wren's articles.

Mischief of them. Bishop Montague's articles of enquiry concerning

several sorts of lectures. Bishop Pierse's usage of the lecturers. The

grandeur of the church. Pride and ambition of the clergy. Sufferings

of Mr. Rogers of Dedham; of Mr. Nathaniel Rogers; and of Mr.

Whiting. Second sufferings of Prynne, Burton and Bastwick; and

their sentence. Archbishop Laud's speech in the star-chamber. The

cruel sentence disgusts the whole nation. The trial and sentence of

bishop Williams. The sentence of Mr. Osbaldeston and Mr. Lilburne.

Courage of the puritans. Libels dispersed against the archbishop.

Press restrained. Further severities. The king forbids the laity to

go out of the kingdom without a license; and the ministers. Remarks.

Approach of the clergy towards popery. Uninterrupted succession of

bishops. Invocation of saints. The mass, and real presence, and au-

ricular confession, preached. Remarks. Design to unite the two

churches. Laws against papists suspended. They are favored and

promoted at court; their numbers and influence. Lord Clarendon's

account of them. The civil liberties of England destroyed. Lord

Glarendon's representations of the times. Remarks.

CHAPTER VI."

From the beginning of the commotions in Scotland, to the Long Parlia-
ment in the year 1640.

Scots' liturgy; imposed by the prerogative; occasions tumults.

Reasons against it Petitions against it, and a protestation. Tables

erected. The solemn league and covenant renewed. The band of de-

fenee. The marquis of Hamilton sent high commissioner into Scot-

land. The king's concessions. A general assembly at Glasgow. The

bishop's declinator. It is rejected. The assembly dissolved: but con-

tinue sitting: their reasons for so doing. Preparations of the English

court against them. Aets of the assembly. Bishops deposed. First

Seots war. Proceedings of the high commissions. Settlement of the

colonies of Connecticut and New Hampshire. Puritan ministers re-

move to New England: viz. Mr. Rogers, Mr. Newman, and Mr. Chaun-

cey. Oliver Cromwell and other gentleman bound for New England.

Others remove to Holland, viz. Dr. Thomas Goodwin, Mr. Nye, Mr.

Burroughs, Mr. Bridge, and Mr. Sympson. Heylin's remarks. The

king marches against the Scots. A pacification. A general assembly

at Edinburgh The king's instructions to his commissioner. The

parliament meets. The king refuses to confirm their acts. Bishop

Hall's divine right of episcopacy: revised by Laud. Bagshaw's read-

ings against the bishops. Earl of Strafford called out of Ireland, ad-

vises a second war. The Scots are encouraged by the English. The

short parliament. The king goes on to raise money by the prerogative.

Mutinous disposition of the people. Convocation opened. Proceed-

ings of the convocation: continued after the dissolution of the parlia-

ment. Opinion of the judges. Several of the members dissatisfied.

Their proceedings. Remarks. Abstract of the canons; of the kingly

power; for observing the king's inauguration day; against popery ;

against socinianism; against separatists; to prevent alterations in the

church government; the oath called Et Cætera; of rites and ceremo-

nies: preaching for conformity. They are unacceptable to the clergy.

The execution of them suspended. Second Scots war. Sad condition

of the court at the calling of the long parliament. Death and char-

acter of Mr. Ball, of Mr. Chadderton, of Dr. Neile archbishop of York,

and of Mr. Joseph Mede.

CHAPTER VII.

The Character of the Long Parliament. Their arguments against the

late convocation and canons. The impeachment of Dr. William Laud,

archbishop of Canterbury. Votes of the House of Commons against

the promoters of the late innovations.

Long parliament. Their religious character. Character of the lead-

ing members amongst the peers: earl of Essex, earl of Bedford, lord

Kimbolton, and earl of Warwick. Character of the leading members

in the house of commons; of Mr. Lenthal the speaker, Mr. Pym, Mr.

Hollis, sir Henry Vane, senior, sir John Hotham, and Mr. Hampden.

Of the earl of Essex's party, and others. Long parliament opened.

They appoint committees. Speeches against the late canons. Resolu-

tions against them. Remarks. Proceedings of the convocation. Mr.

Warmistre's speech. They disperse. Objections of the commons against

the late convocation, and against the canons. Objections to the Et

VOL. II.

3

Cætera oath. Remarks. Archbishop Laud impeached of high treason.

The Scots charge. His grace's reply. Sir H. Grimstone's speech a-

gainst him. He is impeached by the English parliament. He is com-

mitted to the usher of the blackrod. Heads of the impeachment of

the house of commons. The archbishop speaks for himself. He is

sent to the Tower. Prisoners of the prerogative released, viz. bishop

of Lincoln, Prynne, Burton, and Bastwick. Dr. Leighton's petition.

He is released. Dr. Osbaldeston, and others. Authors of the late in-

novations censured: bishop Wren, and several other clergymen. Mu-

tinous behavior of the people. Votes to prevent it. Service of the

church of England neglected. History of the independents continued:

of Mr. Lathorpe, Mr. Cann, Mr. Howe, and Mr. Moore. They ap-

pear in public. Votes of parliament against innovations. Votes

against subscriptions of the university. Design of their votes.

CHAPTER VIII.

The antiquity of Liturgies and of the Episcopal Orders debated between

bishop Hall and SMECTYMNUUS. Petitions for and against the hie-

rarchy. Roor and BRANCH petition. The ministers' petition for

REFORMATION. Speeches upon the petitions. Proceedings against

papists.

Pamphlets for and against episcopacy. Bishop Hall's divine right

of episcopacy. Answered by SMECTYMNUUS. Abstract of the contro-

versy upon the antiquity of liturgies. Bishop Hall's argument.

Smertymnuus for the liberty of prayer. Primitive manner of worship.

Bishop Hall's commendation of the English liturgy. Smectymnuus'

reply. Bishop Hall's concessions about liberty of prayer; defence of

remonstrance. Of the distinction between bishop and presbyter. Of

the right of ordination by bishops or by presbyters. Whether presby-

ters may ordain without a bishop. Of the right of jurisdiction. Re-

marks. Judgment of foreign divines. Numbers of hands to petitions

for and against the hierarchy. The folly of it. Root and branch pe-

tition for taking away the whole hierarchy. Counter petition for con-

tinuing the hierarchy. Ministers' petition for reformation of the hie-

rarchy. The king interposes. Speeches for root and branch. Sir. H.

Vane's speech, Serjeant Thomas's, Mr. Bagshaw's, and Mr. White's.

Speeches for the ministers' petition. Lord Falkland's speech for the

reformation of the hierarchy. Lord Digby's speech on the same side.

Remarks. Resolutions of the house of commons. Proceedings against

papists. The king favors them. Goodman, a priest, reprieved by the

king Remonstrance of the parliament against it. The king's answer.

Remarks.

CHAPTER IX.

From the Impeachment of the Earl of Strafford, to the Recess of the Par-

liament upon the King's progress into Scotland.

Impeachment and trial of the earl of Strafford. Plot to bring the
army to London. Mischievous consequences of it.
Character of the

earl of Strafford. The king's late ministers terrified. Reasons for not
dissolving the parliament. Remarks. A solemn vow and protestation
taken by both houses; ordered to be taken all over England, but
prevented by the bishops. Remarks. Bill against the bishops' votes
in parliament. Arguments for the bill. Arguments in favor of the bish-