TITULUS DECIMUS. DE NUPTIIS. D. xxiii. T. 2. C. v. T. 4. Nov. 74. Qui possunt nuptias contrahere. JUSTAS autem nuptias inter se cives Romani contráhunt, qui secundum præcepta legum coeunt, masculi quidem puberes, fœminæ autem viri potentes; sive patres familiarum sint ; sive filii familiarum; dum tamen, si filii familiarum sint, consensum habeant parentum, quorum in potestate sunt: nam, hoc fieri debere, et civilis et naturalis ratio suadet, in tantum, ut jussus parentis præcedere debeat. Unde quæsitum est, an furiosi filia nubere, aut furiosi filius uxorem ducere, possit? Cumque super filio variabatur, nostra processit decisio, quà permissum est ad exemplum filiæ furiosi, filium quoque furiosi posse, et sine patris interventu, matrimonium sibi copulare, secundùm datum ex nostrá constitutione modum. The citizens af Rome contract valid matrimony, when they follow the precepts of the law; males, when they arrive at puberty, and females, when they attain to a marriageable age. The males, whether patres familiarum, fathers of a family, or filii familiarum, sons of a family; but, if they are sons of a family, they must first obtain the consent of the parents, under der whose power they are. For reason, both natural and civil, convinces us, that the consent of parents should precede marriage; hence arose the question, whether the son of a madman could contract matrimony? But opinions being various, we decided that the son, as well as the daughter of a madman, may marry without intervention of the father, provided the rules of our constitution are observed. Quæ uxores duci possunt vel non. De cognatis, ac primum de parentibus et liberis. I. Ergo non omnes nobis uxores ducere licet: nam á quarundam nuptiis abstinendum est: inter eas enim personas, que parentum liberorumve locum inter se obtinent, contrahi nuptiæ non possunt; veluti interpatrem et filiam, vel avum et eptem, vel matrem et filium, vel a 1. We may not marry any wo man; for with some, marriage is forbidden. Matrimony must not be contracted between parents and their children, as between a father and daughter, a grandfather and his grand-daughter, a mother and her son, a grand-mother and her grand viam et nepotem, et usque in infinitum et, si tales personæ inter se coierent, nefarias atque incestas nuptias contraxisse dicuntur: et hæc adeò vera sunt, ut, quamvis per adoptionem parentum liberorumve loco sibi esse cœperint, nonpossunt inter se matrimonio jungi; in tantum, ut etiam, dissolutâ adoptione, idem juris maneat. Itaque eam, quæ tibi per adoptionem filia per adoptionem filia vel neptis esse ceperit, non poteris uxorem ducere, quamvis eam emancipaveris. son; and so on (in a right line) in infinitum. And, if such persons cohabit, they are truly said to have contracted a criminal and incestuous marriage; inasmuch as those, who only hold the place of parents and children by adoption, cannot intermarry; and the same law remains even after the adoption is dissolved. You cannot therefore take to wife one who hath been either your adopted daughter or granddaughter, although 'you may have emancipated her. De fratribus et sororibus. II. Inter eas quoque personas, quæ ex transverso gradu cognationis junguntur, est quædam similis observatio, sed non tanta. Sanè enim inter fratrem sororemqme nuptiæ prohibitæ sunt, sive ab eodem patre eâdemque matre nati fuerint, sive ab altero corum. Sed, si qua per adoptionem soror tibi esse cœperit, quamdiu quidem constat adoptio, sanè inter te et eam nuptiæ consistere non possunt; cum vero per emancipationem adoptio sit dissoluta, poteris eam uxorem ducere : uxorem ducere: sed et si tu emancipatus fueris, nihil est impedimento nuptiis. Et ideo constat, si quis generum adoptare velit, debere eum antea filiam suam emancipare: et si quis, velit nurum adoptare, debere eum antea filium suum emancipare. § 2. Matrimony is also prohibited between collaterals, but not so extensively. A brother and sister are forbidden to marry, whether they are the children of the same father and mother, or of either. And, if a woman becomes your sister by adoption, so long as that subsists, no marriage may be contracted between you. But, when the adoption is destroyed by emancipation, you may take her to wife. Also, if you should be emancipated, there will then remain no impediment, although your sister by adoption is not so. Hence if a man would adopt his son-in-law, he should first emancipate his daughter, and whoever would adopt his daughter-in-law, should previously emancipate his son. De fratris et sororis § III. Fratris verò vel sororis filiam uxorem ducere non licet: sed filia vel nepte. §3. It is unlawful to marry the daughter or grand-daughter of a nec neptem fratris vel sororis quis ducere potest, quamvis quarto gradu sint: cujus enim filiam ducere non licet, neque ejus neptem perinittitur. Ejus verò mulieris, quam pater tuus adoptavit, filiam non videris prohiberi uxorem ducere: quia neque naturali, neque civili, jure tibi conjungitur. brother, or a sister; although the last are in the fourth degree. For when we are prohibited to take the daughter of any person in marriage, we are also prohibited to take his grand-daughter. But it does not appear that there is any impediment against the marriage of a son with the daughter of her, whom his father hath adopted; for they bear no relation to each other, natural or civil. De consobrinis. § IV. Duorum autem fratrum vel sororum liberi, vel fratris et sororis, conjungi possunt. § 4. The children of two brothers, (Patrueles) or two sisters, (sobrini) or of a brother and sister, (Consobrini) may be joined in matrimony. (Such are cousins.) De amitâ, materterâ, amitâ magnâ, materterâ magnâ. SV. Item amitam, licet adoptivam, ducere uxorem non licet; item nec materteram: quia parentum loco habentur. Quâ ratione verum est, magnam quoque amitam, et materteram magnam, prohiberi uxorem ducere. § 5. A man may not marry his aunt either on the father's or the mother's side, although she is only so by adoption; because they are regard cd as representatives of parents. For the same reason no person may marry his great-aunt, either on his father's, or mother's side. De affinibus, et primùm de privignâ et nuru. § VI. Affinitatis quoque veneratione, â quarundam nuptis abstinere necesse est : ut ecce privignam aut nurum ducere non licet: quia utræque filiæ loco sunt: quod ita scilicet accipi debet, si fuit nurus aut privigna tua. Nam, si adhuc nurus tua est, id est, si adhuc nupta est filio tuo, alià ratione uxorem cam ducere non poteris : quia eadem duobus nupta esse non potest. § 6. We must abstain from certain marriages, through regard to affinity; as with a wife's daughter, or a son's wife, for they are both in the place of daughters: and this rule must be so understood as to include those, who have been, our daughtersin-law. For marriage with a son's wife, while she continues so, is prohibited on another account, viz. because she can not be the wife of trvo F De quasi privignâ, quasi nuru, et quasi novercâ. § IX. Si uxor tua post divortium ex alio filiam procreavit, hæc non est quidem privigna tua: sed Julianus ab hujusmodi nuptiis abstineri debere ait: nam constat, nec sponsam filii nurum esse, nec patris sponsam novercam esse: rectiùs ta $9. The daughter of a divorced wife by a second husband, is not daughter-in-law to the first husband. But Julian says we ought to abstain from such nuptials. It is also evident, that the espoused wife of a son, is not a daughter-in-law to De pœnis injustarum nuptiarum. § XII. Si adversus ea, quæ diximus, aliqui coierint, nec vir, nec uxor, nec nuptiæ, nec matrimonium, nec dos intelligitur. Itaque ii, qui ex eo coitu nascuntur in potestate patris non sunt : sed tales sunt (quantum ad patriam potestatem pertinent) quales sunt ii, quos mater vulgò concepit. Nam nec hi patrem habere intelliguntur, cum et iis pater incertus sit; unde solent spurii appellari, παρα την ςποραν ***Tops; quasi sine patre filii. Sequitur ergò, ut, dissoluto tali coitu, nec dotis, nec donationis exactioni locus sit. Qui autem prohibitas nuptias contrahunt, et alias penas patiuntur, quæ sacris constitutionibus continentur. et § 12. If persons cohabit in contempt of the rules thus laid down, they shall not be deemed husband and wife, nor shall their marriage, or any portion given on account thereof, be valid; and the children, born in such cohabitation, shall not be under the power of the father. For, in respect to paternal power, they resem ble the children of a common woman, who are looked upon as having no father, because it is uncertain who he They are therefore called in Latin spurii, and in Greek apatores; i. e. without a father: hence, after the dissolution of such a marriage, no portion, or gift, propter nuptias, can legally be claimed. They who contract such prohibited matrimony, must undergo the farther punishments set forth in our constitutions. is. |