Parker was shot, and you paid him money for shooting him, you cannot but know who shot him;" and this brings out that as there were three in the affair, it was not necessary that the employer should be told which of them pulled the trigger. Then, as a variety to the shooting, "Have you employed Crooks in anything else at any time to your knowledge?" "I think that he was once employed, but I am not certain. I really am not certain. My impression is, that he was once employed to blow up the boilers at Firth and Sons; but I cannot be certain. Somebody was. That is a good many years ago." This great man has had so many pieces of state business on his hands, that he cannot recollect the particulars of them all. He is asked if he could recognise a letter as in his hand? He is not sure. He changes his hand occasionally. He is shown a letter to Messrs Firth and Sons, saw-grinders: "Gentlemen, -The game works merrily, and we brush away all obstacles before us. If we appear to be rather long about it, you see we are none the less sure. It is your turn next, and the man that hangs back will be the first to get it; and if I but move a finger, you are sent into eternity as sure as fate. Be advised, and take the hint in time." 66 Do you think you wrote that letter?" "I think I did." Then, after a few discussions about details, comes a general question. "Is there any murder or any blowing up (not in your own Union only) of which you have knowledge, besides those which you have mentioned this morning?" "Within what period?" "Within ten years." "No." "Do you know anything about Tyzack's case?" "No." "Do you not know that Crooks shot at Tyzack?" "No. I know nothing whatever about it. * Nothing." "Are you sure about that?" "I am quite sure. Permit me the phrase-you are quite off the scent about that, so far as I am concerned." When afterwards pressed hard about cases of rattening trifles beyond his recollectionhe drops the remark, "What would be the use of my keeping back these trivial affairs, when there are these great affairs I have spoken of?" A remark by this man so stained in what the ordinary world calls crime, is curiously appropriate to what has been said about the spirit of united action and object deadening men to such things. He confessed to an effort to fix one of the outrages upon the employers, and said, "Yes; that was used to shield the wrong that I had done; and if you will permit me to make the observation, I took this view-wrongly, as I expressed yesterday, if you will— that there being no law for the trades, I conceived the notion that I had a right to take these courses in the absence of the law, and that the end would justify the means." Another admission is still more significant, interpreting it along with the question, "As a man of experience, do not you believe that if rattening is obliged to be resorted to, and unlawful measures resorted to, the natural result is that from one error you go to another, and that other outrages are necessary in consequence?" "I am sorry to say that it has been the case with me."* This is just the test of the value and utility of the new Act for suppressing the first stages in the shape of threat or annoyance. These things have hitherto been the beginning and initiatory cause of the formidable effects-the committing of maiming and murder, and the close binding together in common acts of offence, which gives the actors in the Minutes of Evidence, p. 235-254. smaller matters the desire and the facility to screen those who go on to the greater. We know that this new law has already told on projects of coercion. They have been abandoned in favour of other influences, and among these one is bribery. In one case not very far from our own door, this was carried to a formidable extent, but then that case was called the head of the position, and those who defended it had to expect a severe attack. It was annoying, no doubt, but it did not make a general case for the suppression of bribery. Bribery on the one hand, assault or intimidation on the other-the two stand at opposite logical poles, when we consider that the person to be dealt with is an enemy. Giving your enemy a ten-pound note and giving him a broken head are two different things so logically inconsistent that not even an Irishman could count them as equivalents. There is this minor difference between them, that while the breaking of heads and other like correctives is apt to increase with exercise, the capacity for the distribution of ten-pound notes is apt to decrease, and in the end wear itself out. Under this law, in fact, the knobstick, or by whatever "dyslogistic term," as Bentham used to say, he be called, will find his star in the ascendant. To be bribed by high terms on the part of the employer is in itself a good thing; and if his enemies then outbid the employer, this will be a better thing. It was found, indeed, in the case alluded to, that some who were not very scrupulous made a trade of the affair, not much to the satisfaction of the Unionists. Then unless there be gross mismanagement by the public authorities, men will no longer be frightened away. Teeth are drawn and claws pared. When violence accumulated from hustlings and threats until it reached maiming or murder, then of course the public took the alarm, and the law went to work, but found so many difficulties that it seldom reached the offender. And if it did reach him on rare occasions, when he had achieved that ultimate grade in his course of crime, what consolation was there in that to the poor man, who saw from the beginning of troubles what was to be the end of them? It was such a prospect as this that frightened away the foreign engineers who attempted to settle in Newcastle. If the executive authorities of the State do their duty, and receive due public support, there will be an end to the minor persecutions which accumulate with impunity until the ultimate crime is perpetrated. 3 G VOI. CXII.-NO. DCLXXXVI. INDEX TO VOL. CXII. Act of Parliament against violence, Agincourt, the case of the, 115. Alabama difficulty, the proceedings of Alison, Sir Archibald, on Trades-unions Alphonsists in Spain, the, 490. America, emigration from Norway to, 313. Arbitration between employers and work- Arcachon, watering-place of, 548. Army, the, conduct of the Ministry re- Asturias, reception of King Amadeus in, 495. 'Athelwold,' the production of, on the Austen, Jane, views of, on marriage, &c., AUTUMN MANOEUVRES, OUR, 627. Avilez, reception of King Amadeus at, 502. Ayrton, Mr, and Dr Hooker, 480 et seq. -as Ballot Bill, the, and the Lords, 117– Bergen, best mode of reaching, 34-sketch Bernardines, the, in connection with the Bilbao, reception of King Amadeus in, Black's 'Strange Adventures of a Phaeton,' Border tribes, Lord Mayo's dealings with Borderers, analogy between them and the Brassey, Mr, life of, reviewed, 754. 253. BRITISH TOURIST IN NORWAY, THE, 31— Buddhism, its introduction into Japan, 370. Buretz, a Japanese sovereign, his cruel- Burgos, General, 506. BYRON, LORD, 49-contrast between him Capital and labour, relations of, 778. Cardwell, Mr, his Army regulations, 126- Carlism, its hold on the Basque provinces, 557. Carlists, their present position in Spain, Carrichon, sketches of the Duchesse Castro Urdiales, its sack by the French, 559. Chilka, the lake of, 199. China, invasion of, by the Japanese, 371. Christianity, its introduction into Japan, Conservative party in Spain, its composi- Conservatives, the, their present position, 109. Conway, Derwent, his tour through Nor- Co-operative societies, 779. 'Cornelius O'Dowd,' Lever's, 358. Dallas, Mr, his account of the publication Disraeli, Mr, his appointment of Lord Dodd Family Abroad,' Lever's, 356. Drinking, prevalence of, in Norway, 316. Dutch, the, their trade with Japan, 372. 'Edinburgh Review,' the, its attack on Education, Lord Mayo's measures regard- Elective affinities, Goethe's, 696. Elgin, Lord, treaty negotiated with Japan Elgiobar, the town of, 558. ELIOT, GEORGE, MIDDLEMARCH by, re- END OF THE BANQUET, THE, 626. 373. English Bards and Scotch Reviewers,' Eyre, Mr, decision of Parliament on his Faust, criticism on, 688. Ferrol, reception of King Amadeus at, 503. Finances of India, Lord Mayo's manage- Fiords, the Norwegian, 44 et seq.-their Flood in Bengal, picture of a, 200. Foreign policy, Lord Mayo's, in India, 222. France, dress in, its importance, 150- French, the, their cruelties in Spain, 559. French Revolution, causes of the non- Fuentarabia, the town of, 553. Gladstone, Mr, review of his policy, and characteristics of his genius, &c., ib. Gotz von Berlichingen, Goethe's, 682. Harry Lorrequer,' Lever's, 344. Hooker, Dr, and Mr Ayrton, 480 et seq. England to Maecenas in Elysium, 484 Indian Army, the, changes in, by Lord Inglis, H. D., his tour through Norway, Inventions stimulated by Union strikes, Ireland, Lord Mayo as secretary for, 219 -Montalembert's impressions of, 601. Iyeyas, dynasty founded in Japan by, Izarraiz, Mount, 556, 557. J. T., ON A RESURRECTIONIST, by, 564. 201. JAPAN, 369--sketch of its past history, ib. et seq.--revolution in the 12th Keogh, Judge, his decision on the Gal- 'Knight of Gwynne,' Lever's, 340, 355. Koniei, Mikado of Japan, revolution Königsee, the, compared with the Nor- Kraft, Adam, of Nuremberg, 770. Laerdalsoeren, scenery of, 324. Land question in India, Lord Mayo's Las Arenas, watering-place of, 493. Law, reforms in, by Lord Mayo, in Lawrence, Sir H., Life of, reviewed, 747. pathos, 331-character of his satire, Licensing Bill, passing of the, 468. 117, 240, 467-their proceedings on the Loyola, the birthplace, &c., of, 557. Luchana, the bridge of, 493. MAID OF SKER, THE, conclusion, 1. |