this affection of the muscles continues through life. He is often attacked with fits of a different description. He first staggers, then tumbles, rolls, cries as if whipped, and tears up the ground with his fore feet. He then lies down senseless and exhausted. On recovering he gets up, moves his tail, looks placid, comes to a whistle, and appears in every respect much better than before the attack. The eyes, during this paroxysm, look bright, and unless previously rendered dim by mucus, or opacity of the cornea, seem as if they were starting from the sockets. He becomes emaciated, and totters from feebleness in attempting to walk, or from a partial paralysis of the hind legs. In this state, he sometimes lingers on till the third or fourth week, and then either begins to show signs of returning health (which seldom happens when the symptoms have continued with this degree of violence) or expires. During convalescence, he has sometimes, though rarely, profuse hemorrhage from the nose. When the inflammation of the lungs is very severe, he frequently dies on the third day. I knew one instance of a dog's dying within twenty-four hours after the seizure, and in that short space of time the greater portion of the lungs was, from exudation, converted into a substance nearly as solid as the liver of a sound animal. In this case, the liver itself was considerably inflamed, and the eyes and flesh universally were tinged with yellow, though I did not observe any thing obstructing the biliary ducts. In other instances, I have also observed the eyes looking yellow.

The above is a description of the disease in its severest form; but in this, as in the diseases of the human body, there is every -gradation in its violence. There is also another affinity to some human diseases, viz. that the animal which has once gone through it, very rarely meets with a second attack. Fortunately, this distemper is not communicable to man. Neither the effluvia from the diseased dog, nor the bite, have proved in any instance infectious; but as it has often been confounded with canine madness, as I have before observed, it is to be wished that it were more generally understood; for those who are bitten by a dog in this state, are sometimes thrown into such perturbation, that hydrophobic symptoms have actually arisen from the workings of the

imagination. Mr. John Hunter used to speak of a case somewhat of this description in his lectures.* Having never, to a certainty, seen a dog with hydrophobia, I am of course unable to lay down a positive criterion for distinguishing between that disease and the distemper, in the precise way I could wish; but if the facts have been correctly stated, that in hydrophobia the eye of the dog has more than ordinary vivacity in it, and as the term implies, he refuses to take water, and shudders even at the sight of it, while in the distemper he looks dull and stupid, is always seeking after water, and never satisfied with what he drinks, there can be no loss for a ready discriminating line between the "two diseases.

March 21, 1809.

REMARKS.

EVERY man acquainted with general science, and especially every medical man, knows the high reputation which Dr. Jenner has deservedly obtained as an acute observer, an accurate reasoner, and especially for the introduction of the vaccine disease, which is fast dispelling the loathsome small-pox from the world. They will therefore set great value upon whatever comes from his but it may not have happened to many of my readers who are interested in the subject he has last discussed, to know any thing of his character, and therefore this information respecting it is given to insure greater attention to his remarks.

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As all are liable to be bitten by dogs, all are interested in knowing the distinguishing marks between the distemper and canine madness, which are so accurately pointed out by Dr.

• A gentleman who received a severe bite from a dog, soon after fancied the animal was mad. He felt a horror at the sight of liquids, and was ac tually convulsed on attempting to swallow them. So uncontrollable were his prepossessions, that Mr. Hunter conceived he would have died, had not the dog which inflicted the wound been fortunately found and brought into his room in perfect health. This soon restored his mind to a state of tranquillity. The sight of water no longer affected him, and he quickly recovered.

See also Percival's Essays, medical, philosophical and experimental, vol. 24, page 368: and Inaugural Dissertation on the disease produced by the bite of a mad de 3-1792; page 93-by the EDITOR.

Jenner. It is owing to the want of this knowledge, that much uneasiness has often been suffered by persons bitten by dogs; but what is as bad, if not worse, this ignorance has contributed to the reputation of a variety of nostrums for the cure of the disease in mankind arising from the bite of a dog really mad, commonly but improperly called hydrophobia. Even to name those remedies would be tedious; the fact applies to all nostrums, except to the miraculous Chinese snake stone, so celebrated in certain parts of Virginia, which on being applied to a wound given by a dog not mad will fall off, but if by a dog actually mad, will adhere until it extracts all the venom!!!* (risum teneatis?)

The sportsman, and country gentleman, whose amusement so much depends upon his hounds, pointer or spaniel, will consider the value of Dr. Jenner's paper lessened in consequence of no cure being offered for either disease, especially the distemper, which is very fatal in the United States: and this defect I shall attempt to supply.

Taplin, whose writings on the horse are familiar to the lovers of that noble animal, gives a chapter on the disease in question, and after denying the truth of the old opinion, that its seat is in the head, and asserting the inefficacy of the common remedy, viz. a seton in the pole of the neck, says, that it is seated in the throat, stomach and intestines; that obstructions exist in the two latter, and that the proper remedy is to give repeated glysters to relieve them. He tried purgatives by the mouth, but they were rejected: he used the following formula, “ without a single loss.” Strong decoction of rue, half a pint ;

Lenitive electuary, and common salt, of each a quarter of

an ounce ;

Olive oil, two table spoonsful-mix and inject warm.

This was repeated every two hours, until a quantity of hardened fæces was discharged; after which the animal took nourishment and recovered. He says that he has "observed hounds, greyhounds, pointers, and the larger dogs, were usually attacked between eight months and twelve: while spaniels, terriers, and the smaller kinds, suffered between four months and nine." These

* Medical Repository, Hex. 2d, vol. 4, page 248.

dates should be attended to, as they will enable owners of dogs to form a probable opinion whether a complaint with which they may be attacked, is the "distemper" or some other disease.

A sporting friend assures me, that he has constantly cured his dogs by freely giving them castor oil and calomel, so as to procure early and copious discharges, in the beginning of the disease, and by rubbing their noses with mercurial ointment. He is of opinion with Taplin, that obstructions in the bowels cause the disease, and adds, that numerous very small worms constantly abound in the fæces. Hence he supposes that they are partly concerned in causing the disorder. EDITOR.

ON MANGLING CLOTHES :

A NEW MANGLE DESCRIBED.

THE business of smoothing clothes, as usually practised in the United States, is a very serious one in a warm day, and many females have laid the foundation for an attack of acute disease, or of protracted ill health, by fatigue and imprudent exposure to a current of air after being much heated by a hard day's duty. To remedy these evils, mangles have been invented. These are long boxes filled with stones or iron, and made to pass over wooden rollers placed on a frame below them, between which the article to be smoothed is placed. There are few families in Europe without one of these useful machines, by which the numerous articles having plain surfaces are smoothed with expedition, and acquire a gloss which cannot be given by flat-irons. They have been partially used in this country, and the great advantages derived from them, ought to cause their general adoption. Several forms have been in use; the last but one is that of Mr. Jee of London, who in 1798, presented to the Society of Arts the model of an improved mangle, which was so constructed that the handle required to be turned one way only. But a friend in this city, who had one constructed precisely upon Jee's plan, found that it worked with difficulty, required great

power, and after many trials he was obliged to have it altered to the old plan, which he finds to answer well. Mr. J. Morris, of Snow-hill, London, has lately obtained a patent for one, of which the annexed figure will give an idea.

Two horizontal cylindrical rollers form a bed for the roller on which the linen to be mangled is rolled. One of them, b, is seen in the drawing. The axis of those rollers bear on brass, let into the wood frame, and have a wheel fixed to each, which works in a pinion on the axis of the fly wheel, as seen in the drawing: c, a moveable roller on which the linen to be mangled is rolled: d, a roller, the axis of which works in pieces of brass which slide between iron, let into the inner side of the wood frame, to the bottom of which, long pieces of iron, f, are fixed with hooks at their lower extremities, to which are attached the chains that support the scale or platform, h, where iron weights, or any other heavy substance, are placed; to the top of the brass in which the roller d works, the engine chains are fastened, which pass through apertures at each end of the top of the wood frame, and are there again fastened on the pulleys of the shaft k with a screw: I is a lever fixed to the end of the shaft k.

To use the machine, press the lever 1, and fasten it with the hook, which raises the roller d with the platform and weights attached to it; then take out the roller c, and roll the linen and