Abercrombie general, takes command of the English troops, 372. Attempts
to take Ticonderoga, and is repulfed with great flaughter, 404-412.
Remarks on his meatures, 412, 413
Adario, his policy and meafures, 282, 283.
Agriculture, difficulties attending it in the colonies, 465–468.
Aix la Chapelle, peace of, 3 8.
Algonquins, their country, 64.
Amherst general, takes Louifburg, 404. Proceeds with his army to Alba-
ny, 417. Takes poffeffion of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, 425. At-
tempts to proceed to Canada, 434. Prepares for the next campaign, 435.
Plan for the reduction of Canada, 443. Arrives at Ofwego, 444... Pro
ceeds down the river St. Lawrence, and lands on the island of Montreal,
444 445. Effects the conqueft of Canada, 450.
Animals, American and European compared, 130.
Barre M. aims to deftroy the five nations, 273. His army reduced to
great diftrefs, 274. Makes a fpeech to and treaty with the Indians, 275.
Bear, account of, 100.
Beaver, natural hiftory of, 118-121.
Bee, bumble and honey bee indigenous to the country, 156..
Birds, general account of, 134. Of paffage, 135. Singing, 143. Water
fowl, 144
Braddock general, appointed commander of the troops in the English colo-
nies, 349 Defeated and flain at Monongchala, 350---352.
Bradstreet colonel, defeats the Indians at Onondago river, 873. Takes Ca
daraqui or fort Frontenac, 413-415.
Burnet governor, builds a fort at Ofwego, 328.
Callieres M. his plan to fubdue the province of New York, and the Indians
of the five nations, 289, 290. Makes a treaty of peace with the five na-
tions, 303
Canada, difcovered and explored by Cartier, 152. Explored and fettled
by Champlain, 258-260. Reduced by the English. 261. Reftored to
France, 262. Reduced to great distress, 266. 285. First attemot of the
Engih colonies to reduce it, 295-299. Second attempt, 308-313-
Third attempt, 318-324. Surrendered to the Bri.ith crown and go-
vernment, 450. Confirmed to the British government by the treaty of
Paris, Feb. 10, 1763 451.
Canfeau taken and plundered by the French, 333.
Cartier Fimes, enters the mouth of Canada river, 252. Gives it the name
of St. Lawrence, proceeds as far as Hocheloga and calls it Montrealy
252. Proceedings at that place, 253-257.
Cat wild. defcription of, 105.
Catamount, account of, 104.
Champlain lake, account of 50. Difcovered and named, 260.
Champlain Samuel, fails up the river St. Lawrence, 258. Founds the cityo
Quebec, 259 Explores the lakes Champlain and St. Sacrament, 260.
Engagement with the Iroquoise, 260. Surrenders Quebec to the English,
VOL. I. P 3
261. Refumes the government of the colony, 262. Death and charac-
ter, 262.
Charlestown or Number Four, fort at,, attacked by the French, and defended
by Stevens, 458.
Chinefe cuftoms and manners, fimilar to thofe of the Indians of Peru, 230.
Clergy, flate of in the British colonies, 456-458.
Climate, temperature of, 52-58. Change of, 70-80. In Europe, 473—
478.
Colonies English, their distressed state, 308. Great advantages from peace,
Colors of Men, differtation on, 493-503.
Columbus, difcovers America, 254
Corlear, faves the French and Indian army, 267.
Courcelles, invades the Mohawks, 267. Builds forts at Sorel, Chambly,
and Cadaraqui, 269.
Crown Point, a fort erected at by the French, 329. Advantages refulting to
Canada from this meafure, 329. Paffive behavior of the English colo
nies, 331. Taken poffeffion of by general Amherst, 425.
Cultivation, effects of, 75.
Deerfield, deftroyed by the French and Indians, 305. Repels their attacks,
Denonville, M. governor of Canada, 275.
ches into the Indian country, 278.
Makes peace with the Indians, 281.
Plan of operations, 276. Mar-
Defeated by the Senecas, 278.
Dieskau baron, commands the French troops in Canada, 360. Defeated
and taken prifoner, 361. Remarks on his conduct, 366.
Dengan governor of New York, opposes the French governors and influence,
and aflifts the Indians, 273. 274. 276. 279. 280. 288.
Dutch colony, on Hudson's river, cultivate peace and commerce with the In-
dians, 270. Surrendered to the English, 270.
Evaporation, from the earth, 76. From the trees, 89.
Edward fort, built by general Lyman, 359.
Education, fate of in the colonies, 463.,
Ermine, defcribed, 111.
Efquimaux, their appearance and defcent, 233.
Expeditions for the reduction of Canada, first, 295-299. Second, 308-
313. Third, 318-324. Fourth, 420-424. 443. 45.
Fish, account of, 145. Migration, 147. Immenfe numbers, 149.
Forefts, immense, 81.
Foffil fhells, noted, 150
Fox, account of, 103.
Frogs, found in the earth at Windfor, Caftleton, and Onion river, 152,
153. At Burlington, 479-482.
Frontenac count, fends an army against New Hampshire, and another against
New York, 291. Defends Quebec, 297, 298. Expedition against the
Mohawks, 300.
Garrangula, fpeech to De Barre, 275, 503.
Sinfeng, in great plenty, 85.
Goofe wild, account of, 135.
Haviland colonel, proceeds from Crown Point to Canada, and arrives at the
river St. Lawrence oppofite to Montreal, 449.
Heat, of the atmosphere, 58. Of the earth, 73. Of the trees, 9'4.
Hiftorical writers, noted, 460, 461.
Hochelaga, vifited by Cartier, 252. Called Montreal, 253. State of the
Indians, and proceedings of Cartier at that village, 253-258.
Hoofic, fort at, taken by the French, 336.
Hoftilities, between the English colonies and the five nations, 272. Treaty
of peace and commerce, 272.
Howe Lord, flain at Ticonderoga, 406. Monumental infcription, 505.
Hunter Mr. governor of New York, his measures of policy, 313.
Hurons, their country, 264.1
Indians, the original inhabitants, 160. Their appearance and countenance,
161. Employments and methods of procuring fubfiftence, 162.
State
of fociety, 164. Nature, form, ftrength, fitnefs, and effect of their civil
government, 165-170. Syftem of war, 170. Manner in which it was
carried on, 171. Treatment of prifoners, 173-177. Their fyftem of
war fuited to their state of fociety, 177. Indian education, 179.
Cuf-
toms and manners; gravity of appearance, 180. Treatment of women,
81. Drefs, 183. Idlenels, 184. Dirtinels, 184. Gaming, 185.
Songs, 185 Dancing, 186. Beard, 188 Drunkennels, 190. Cruel-
ty, 19. Health, activity, and bodily vigor, 195. Firmnels and forti-
tude of mind, 197. Political talents and virtues, 199. Prudence, 200.
Eloquence, 201. Hofpitality, 203. Honesty, 205. Morality, 205,
Intellectual improvements, 206. Inscriptions, 207. Ideas of the Deity,
208. Of the immortality of the foul, 209. Virtues, 210, Attainments
in the arts, 211. Population, the ftate of, 215. Caufes of its deficiency,
215-222.. Averse to all improvements, 222. Origin 225-236. An-
tiquity, eftimated by their extent, 237; by their languages, 239; by
their arts, 241. Progrefs of fociety, 242. Its afpect in Mexico, 243;
in Peru, 245. Tendency to diffolution, 240. Ravage the eastern pro.
vinces, 303.
Infects, fpecies of, 156.
Johnfon colonel, commands an expedition against Crown Point, 358. De-
feats the French troops under the baron Dieskau, 363-366. Re-
marks on his conduct, 367. Builds fort William Henry, 368. Rewar
ded and promoted by the British government, 390. Defeats the French
and captures the fort at Niagara, 435-437. Abilities and addrefs in
managing the Indians, 437, 438.
Iroquoife, their country and power, 263. Hoftility to the French, 265,
266. 275. 278. Detroy Montreal, 284. Reduce the French to great
diftrefs, 285. Policy and meafures with the English colonies, 286. 318.
Their fentiments on the expedition against C.nada, 299. Five of their
chiefs make a voyage to England, 315. Make a speech to Queen Anne,
316, 317. Unfavorable fentiments of the English power and policy,
24. Joined by a fixth nation, 327. Their obfervations on the conduct
of the English, 346.
Law, courts of in the British colonies, 458, 459.
Life vegetable, powers of in America, 97. Animal, powers of, 159.
Loudon lord, takes the command of the English troops in the colonies, 374-
Anecdotes of, 379. Embarks on an expedition against Louifbourg, 381.
Returns to New York, and engages in a conteft with the province of
Massachusetts,-400, 401. Returns to England, 403.
Magnetic obfervations, an account of, 474-
Malayans, extent of their navigation and fettlements, 232,
Man, not an animal of climate, 236.
Medical part of fcience, state of in the British colonies, 459, 460.
Memphremagog lake, account of, 52.
Mohawks, attacked by the French, 267. 301. Roaft and eat the bodies of
Monckton colonel, commands an expedition in Nova Scotia, $52-354-
Montcalm, takes Olwego, 375. Violates the articles of capitulation, 376.
Meafures with the Indians, 382. Takes fort William Henry, 385-391.
Barbarous violation of the capitulation and maffacre of the garrison,
391-398. Reflections on Montcalm's conduct, 398-400. Defeats
Abercrombie at Ticonderoga, 412. Defeated by Wolfe, and dies at
Quebec, 423 Monumental infcription. 506.
Montreal, named by Cartier, 253 Settled by the French, 260. Deftroy.
ed by the Indians, 284. Surrendered to general Amherst, 450.
Moofe, account of, 99.
Mountains, their direction, 26. Altitude, 27. Caverns, 29. Origin of
fprings and rivers, '31.
Murray general, fuffers much with his army at Quebec, 445. Defeated by
the French, 446. Relieved by the British fleet, 447. Proceeds up the
river St. Lawrence, and lands on the island of Montreal, 447-448.
Mufkral, defcribed, 122.
Niagara, fortified by the French, 269. Taken by general Johnson, 435.
Nicholfon, commands an army against Canada, 309. Puts an end to the
campaign, 311. Reduces Port Royal, 318. Urges another expedition
against Canada, 318. Commands the colony troops, 320. Disbande
his army, 322.
Ofwego fort, built by governor Burnet, 328. Fortified by general Shirley,
357. Taken by Montcalm, 375.
Parker colonel, defeated by the French and Indians, 383.
Phips William, commands a fleet and army against Québec, 297•
Pickerel, defcribed, 148.
Pigeons, immenfe numbers, 136–138.
Pitt William, appointed fecretary of itate to conduct the affairs of the Bri-
ith colonies, 402. Extent and boldness of his plans against the French,
418-420. Judgment and wisdom in the appointment of generals, 438.
Policy and views of the court of France, 327. 343.
Political opinions in the colonies, 468, 469.
Population, fmall among the Indians, 215. Caufes of its deficiency, 215-
229. In the colonies, 464.
Porcupine, account of, 107.
Priefs or miffionaries, their attempts and influence among the Indians, 271.
Putnam major, difcovers the defigns of the enemy against fort William
'Henry, 284, 285.
Quadrupeds, account of, 98. The enumeration imperfect, 123. Origin,
125. Migration, 137. Species, 128. Magnitude, 129. Temper and
difpofition, 131. Multiplying power, 132.
Quebec, founded by Champlain, 259. Taken by the English, 261. Re-
ftored to the French, 262. Attacked by the English, 298. Taken by
Wolfe, 423.
Du Quefne fort, built by the French, 340. Abandoned by the French and
taken by the English, 417.
Rabbit, defcribed, 110.
Racoon, account of, 106.
Rain, quantity of, 62.
Rivers, account of, 39. Channels, 44. Form intervales, 44. Effects on
the rocks, 47.
Rockingham, Indian infcriptions at, 207.
Rogers major, deftroys the Indian village at St. Francois, 428-4336
Ry/wick, peace of, 302.
Salmon Falls, fort at deftroyed by the French, 291.
Salmon Trout, account of, 148.
Schenectady, deftroyed by the French and Indians, 292, 293.
Schuyler major, exertions at Albany and Schenectady, 293. Succefs against
the French fettlements on the river Sorel, 299. Affills the Mohawks,
301. Gives information of the enemy's defigns against Deerfield, 304.
Influence with the Indians, 315. Makes a voyage to England with five
Indian chiefs, 315. Procures the Indians to affist in an expedition a-
gainst Canada, 320.
Science, ftate of in the colonies, 461, 462.
Serpents, species, 154. Fafcinating power, 155.
Shirley, Mr. plans an expedition against Cape Breton, 333. Against
Quebec, 335. Against Crown Point, 336. Commiffioner at Paris,
339. Exertions in favor of the English colonies, 348, 349. Comman.
der in chief of the English troops in North America, 354. Proceed
ings at Oswego, 3.55-358. Settles the plan of operations for the next
campaign, 369. Superceded in the command, and retires from the fer-
vice, 372.
Snow, obfervations and experiments on, 64-67. Decrease of, 72.
Snow bird, defcribed, 135.
Springs and rivers, their origin and formation, 31-38.
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