PROPHECY Symbolic
continued Prophecy
(372-383)

Emblem Prophecy (372): [compare modern Emblem Poetry]: Discourse with Objective or
Symbolic Text. Prototype: Ceremonial Worship, especially the Scapegoat, the Ark of
the Covenant. Examples: The Girdle (Jeremiah xiii) Potter's Clay (Jeremiah xviii.
1-17) Figs (Jeremiah xxiv). The whole of Ezekiel may be considered Emblem Proph-
ecy (pages 373-7). Also compare Zechariah vi. 9-15, xi. 4-17. The Emblem may come
at the close (Jeremiah xix. 10; li. 61-4). Emblem action may be gesture (Ezekiel vi. 1,
11) probably with reiteration (compare Jeremiah xiii. 12-13; Ezekiel vii. 2-6). - or
sustained dumb show: the Mimic Siege (Ezekiel iv-v); the Removal of the Stuff (Esekiel
xii. 1-16) - it extends to symbolic demeanour and manner of life (Ezekiel xxiv. 15-27;
Hosea i-iii).
Through the permanence of some emblems [compare Jeremiah xliii. 8-10; Isaiah viii. 1-4]
the Emblem tends to coalesce with the Sign of the Prophet, that is, miraculous symbol
guaranteeing the prophecy. Prototype: Moses' Signs to Pharaoh. Compare Isaiah
vii. 10-16; Jeremiah xliv. 29; Ezekiel iv. 3; Isaiah lv. 13; Matthew xii. 38-40.
Vision Prophecy (379) in elementary form hardly distinguishable from Emblem Prophecy:
the emblem presented in vision. Prototype: Jacob's Dream (Genesis xxviii. 12-14).
Examples: Amos vii-ix; Zechariah i. 7-vi. 8; Isaiah lxiii. 1-6; especially Ezekiel's
Valley of Dry Bones (xxxvii. 1-14). As the Emblem tends to coalesce with the Sign so
the Vision Emblem passes into Revelation. This has two different senses: (A) Revela-
tion of the Future: Prototype: Pharaoh's Dreams (Genesis xli).

Of this three stages traceable. (1) Vision supernatural and symbolic, Interpre-
tation natural. [Daniel ii Dream of Stone cut without hands-iv Of the tree cut
down-v Of the Writing on the Wall.] (2) A supernatural and symbolic
Interpreter, Vision itself in direct speech. [Daniel ix The Time of Restoration-
x-xii Time of the End.] With this connect the Prophetic Call [Isaiah vi; Fere-
miah i; Ezekiel i-iii]. (3) Both Vision and Interpretation symbolic and super-
natural. [Daniel vii Of the Four Beasts - viii Of the Ram and He-Goat.]
(B) Revelation of Law and Pattern: the Symbolic passing over into the Ideal. Proto-
type: the Revelation to Moses in the Mount (Hebrews viii. 5). Examples: Ezekiel's
Companion Visions of Jerusalem under Judgment (viii-xi) and Jerusalem Restored
(xl-xlviii) combine A and B (pages 380-2).

Vision Cycles: Amos vii-ix; Zechariah i. 7-vi. 8-Revelation of St. John (pages 471-6).
The Prophetic Parable (382): Emblem text narrated instead of being presented. Prototype: the
Fable (Judges ix. 8-15). Examples: Ezekiel's Parable of the Vine (xv) of the Spouse
(xvi) of the Eagle and Cedar (xvii) of Oholah and Oholibah (xxiii) of the Caldron
(xxiv. 1-14)-Isaiah's Parable of the Vineyard (v. 1-7). Compare the Parables of Christ.

PROPHECY Prophetic continued Intercourse (383)

With God: Prototype: Abraham's Intercession (Genesis xviii. 22-33).- Examples: Jeremiah xi-xii. 6, xvi, xvii. 14-18, xviii. 18-23, xxxi. 23-6; Ezekiel iv. 14; Habakkuk i-ii. — Compare above: the Prophetic Calls.

With Inquirers: the Response: compare as Prototype the primitive Inquiry of the Lord (Genesis xxv. 23; 1 Samuel xxviii. 6). In the Prophetic Books: Jeremiah xxi. 1-10, xlii. 1-22; Ezekiel xiv. I-II, XX. 1-44; Zechariah vii-viii.

With this connect Dialectic Prophecy: Discourse founded on an interrup-
tion from an imaginary disputant. Examples: Isaiah xxviii; Jeremiah
xiii. 12-14; Ezekiel xxxiii. 10-20; Micah ii. 6-11.-The whole of Malachi
is a Dialectic Cycle.

With the World: Prophetic Incidents and Controversies.- Conspiracy of Anathoth (Jeremiah
xi. 18-xii. 6) The Potter's Bottle (Jeremiah xix-xx) - Controversy of the Temple
(Jeremiah xxvi) - Of the Yoke (xxvii-viii) - The Anathoth Estate (Jeremiah xxxii-iii)
The Siege (Jeremiah xxxiv) The Rechabites (Jeremiah xxxv) The Burnt Roll
(Jeremiah xxxvi) - Jeremiah and Baruch (xlv) - Daniel and the King's Meat (Daniel i)
The Burning Fiery Furnace (iii) The Den of Lions (vi).

Prophecy and History interwoven: Isaiah xxxvi-ix; Jeremiah xxxvii-xliv; Jeremiah lii-iii;
Haggai - Compare Epic Prophecy (Table III) and the Book of Jonah.

Dramatic Prophecy (384) Micah vi. 1-8 The Lord's Controversy before the Mountains-Micah vi. 9-vii The
Lord's Cry and the Man of Wisdom - Hosea xi-xiv. 8 The Yearning of God.-A Dramatic scene of Panic
(Jeremiah x. 17-25) is a link between this type and the Rhapsody. - Compare, generally: The Book of
Job.

The Prophetic | The RHAPSODY OF ZION REDEEMED (ISAIAH XL-LXVI)-Above, chapter XIX.
Rhapsody

An exalted form
of poetic pres-
entation in
which all liter-
ary forms are
amalgamated
(404-456)

Rhapsodies of Judgment (Isaiah xxiv-xxvii) - Of Salvation (Isaiah xxxiii) - Of the Drought (Jeremiah xiv-xv) - Of the Locust Plague (Joel) - Of the Judgment to Come (Amos i. 3ix)-Of the Chaldeans (Habakkuk)

Rhapsodic Discourses: Discourses merging in Rhapsodies, or becoming rhapsodic at particular
points. Isaiah viii. 9-ix. 7; Isaiah x. 5-xii; Jeremiah ii-vi; Jeremiah viii. 4-ix. 9; Jere-
miah xxx. 23-xxxi. 20; Hosea iv-vi. 11 (a); Micah i. 2-v; Zechariah ix-xi. 3.- Compare
the Book of Zephaniah (page 124) and Doom form generally (chapter XVII).

VI. - LITERATURE OF ADDRESS

APPENDIX III

A METRICAL SYSTEM OF BIBLICAL VERSE

THE Metrical System here described has reference to the parallelism of clauses in Biblical verse. [See above, page 46.] Whatever else there is of metre in Biblical poetry belongs to the original language, and is not imitated in the ordinary versions. Parallelism is a rhythmic movement of the thought, and is independent of particular versions. Such parallelism may be reduced to a regular system.

Parallelism

Similar and

General Ideas of Parallelism

1. It has been shown above (chapter I) how the versification of the Bible rests mainly, not on such things as rhyme, or number and quantity of syllables in a line, but in parallelism of clauses. It is necessary to distinguish Similar and Dissimilar Parallelism. The first obtains where, in a given sequence, all the lines are equally parallel with one another.

Dissimilar

Yet he commanded the skies above,

And opened the doors of heaven;

And he rained down manna upon them to eat,

And gave them of the corn of heaven.

Man did eat the bread of the mighty:

He sent them meat to the full.

With this compare Dissimilar Parallelism, where particular lines adhere together with a bond that is closer than the bond which unites them all into a sequence.

If thou hast sinned,

What doest thou against him?

And if thy transgressions be multiplied,
What doest thou unto him?

The indenting of these lines shows to the eye, what the sense confirms, that the first and third lines go together in this passage, and equally the second and fourth. Again:

Is the righteousness ye should speak dumb?

Do ye judge uprightly the sons of men?

Yea, in heart ye work wickedness;

Ye weigh out the violence of your hands in the earth.

The wicked are estranged from the womb;

They go astray as soon as they be born, speaking lies.

Their poison is like the poison of a serpent:

They are like the deaf adder that stoppeth her ear;

Which hearkeneth not to the voice of the charmers, charming never so wisely.

It is obvious that in this passage the first two lines are bound together, and again the last seven; yet that the whole makes a single sequence is clear from the fact that the same dissimilar parallelism of 2 and 7 is reproduced in the passage which immediately follows (psalm lviii).

Break their teeth, O God, in their mouth:

Break out the great teeth of the young lions, O LORD.

Let them melt away as water that runneth apace:

When he aimeth his arrows, let them be as though they were

cut off.

Let them be as a snail which melteth and passeth away;

Like the untimely birth of a woman that hath not seen the sun.
Before your pots can feel the thorns,

He shall take them away with a whirlwind,

The green and the burning alike.

2. In all discussions of parallelism it is important to remember-what has repeatedly been emphasised in this work1-that the term covers a wide variety of structure, from the fainter parallelism which is natural in prose style, to a highly rhythmic structure, which

Semi-parallelism

is a fit medium for the most musical verse. In particular, such a case may be noted as the opening of Job, where, in the midst of prose narrative, the excited words of successive messengers make a transitional stage on the way to the full verse of the dramatic speeches.

1 See especially pages 113-29.