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calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.

Cant. v, 13. His cheeks are as

a bed of spices, as sweet flowers; his lips like lilies, dropping sweet smelling myrrh.

Cant. vi, 2, 3. 7. My beloved is gone down into his garden, to the beds of spices, to feed in the gardens, and to gather Illies. I am Iny beloved's, and my beloved is mine: he feedeth among the lilies. As a piece of a pomegranate are thy temples within thy locks.

Cant. vili, 14. Make haste, my beloved, and be thou like to a roe or to a young hart upon the mountains of spices. (Vegetable productions in Orchards and Fields. See under AGRICULTURE. Pages 12, 13.) TREES AND HERBS MENTIONED IN THE BIBLE. ALMOND.

Gen. xliii, 11. And their father Israel said unto them, If it must be So now, do this; take of the best fruits of the land in your vessels, and carry down the man a present, a little balm, and a little honey, spices, and myrrh, nuts,

and almonds.

Eccles. xii, 5. The almond tree shall flourish, because man goeth to his long home; and the mourners go about the streets.

Jer. 1, 11. Moreover the word of the LORD came unto me, saying, Jeremiah, what seest thou? And I said, I see a rod of an almond tree.

ALMUG OR ALGUM.

1 Kings x, 12. And the king made of the almug-trees pillars for the house of the LORD, and for the king's house, harps also and psalteries for singers: there came no such almug-trees,nor were seen unto this day.

2 Chron. ix, 10, 11. And the servants also of Huram, and the servants of Solomon, which brought gold from Ophir, brought algumtrees and precious stones. And

the king made of the algum-trees terraces to the house of the LORD, and to the king's palace, and harps and psalteries for singers: and

there were none such seen before in the land of Judah.

APPLE.

Cant. ii, 3. As the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so is my beloved among the sons. . . . Cant. viii, 5.

I raised thee up under the apple tree: there thy mother brought thee forth; there she brought thee forth that bare thee.

Joel i, 12. The vine is dried up, I cities, wherein thou trustedst, and the fig tree languisheth; the with the sword. pomegranate tree, the palm tree also, and the apple tree, even all the trees of the field, are wither-mitted abomination? nay, they

ed.....

ASH.

Isa. xliv, 14. He planteth an ash, and the rain doth nourish it.

BAY.

Ps. xxxvii, 35. I have seen the wicked in great spreading himself like a green power, and

bay tree.

Box.

Isa. xli, 19. and the box tree together.

CEDAR.

Jer. viii, 12, 13. Were they ashamed when they had com

were not at all ashamed, neither could they blush; therefore shall they fall among them that fall: in the time of their visitation they shall be cast down, saith the LORD. I will surely consume them, saith the LORD: there shall be no grapes tree; and the leaf shall fade; and on the vine, nor figs on the figthe things that I have given them shall pass away from them.

Amos iv, 9. I have smitten you The pine with blasting and mildew: when your gardens, and your vineyards, and your fig-trees, and your olive trees, increased, the palmer-worm devoured them: yet have ye not returned unto me, saith the LORD.

1 Kings x, 27. And the king made silver to be in Jerusalem as stones, and cedars made he to be Mark xi, 19-21. And when even as the sycamore trees that are in was come, he went out of the city. the vale, for abundance. And in the morning, as they passPs. lxxx, 9-11. Thou preparedsted by, they saw the fig-tree dried room before it, and didst cause it up from the roots. And Peter, to take deep root, and it filled the calling to remembrance, saith unto land. The hills were covered with him, Master, behold, the fig-tree the shadow of it, and the boughs which thou cursedst is withered thereof were like the goodly away. cedars. She sent out her boughs unto the sea, and her branches unto the river.

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Deut. viii, 8. A land of wheat and barley, and vines, and fig trees, and pomegranates; a land of oil olive and honey.

Isa. xxxvi, 16, 17. Hearken not to Hezekiah; for thus saith the ment with me by a present, and king of Assyria, Make an agreecome out to me: and eat ye every one of his vine, and every one of his fig-tree, and drink ye every one the waters of his own cistern; Until I come and take you away to a land like your own land, a land of corn and wine, a land of bread and vineyards.

Jer. v, 17. And they shall eat up thine harvest, and thy bread, which thy sons and thy daughters should eat; they shall eat up thy flocks and thine herds; they shall eat up thy vines and thy fig-trees; they shall impoverish thy fenced

Mark xiii, 28-31. Now. learn a

parable of the fig-tree; When her branch is yet tender, and putteth forth leaves, ye know that summer is near: So ye, in like manner, when ye shall see these things come to pass, know that it is nigh, even at the doors. Verily I say unto you, That this generation shall not pass, till all these things

be done. Heaven and earth shall pass away: but my words shall not pass away.

James iii, 12. Can the fig-tree, my brethren, bear olive-berries? either a vine, figs? so can no fountain both yield salt water and fresh

FIB.

Solomon cedar trees and fir trees, 1 Kings v, 10. So Hiram gave according to all his desire.

Isa. xiv, 8. Yea, the fir trees re joice at thee, and the cedars of Lebanon, saying, Since thou art against us. laid down, no feller is come up

Zech. xi, 1. 2. Open thy doors, O Lebanon, that the fire may deyour thy cedars. Howl, fir-tree; for the cedar is fallen; because the mighty are spoiled: howl, O ye oaks of Bashan; for the forest of the vintage is come down.

JUNIPER.

1 Kings xix, 4. But he [Elijah] himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a juniper tree: and he requested for himself that he might die.

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and a gatlierer of sycamore tra

and olive-trees, which thou plant-phet's son; but I was an herinn
edst not; when thou shalt have
eaten, and be full.

Isa, xvii. 6. Yet gleaning-grapes
shall be left in it, as the shaking
of an olive-tree, two or three
berries in the top of the upper-
most bough, four or five in the
outmost fruitful branches thereof,
saith the LORD God of Israel.

Jer. xi, 16. The LORD called thy name. A green olive-tree, fair. and of goodly fruit: with the noise of a great tumult he hath kindled fire upon it, and the branches of it are broken.

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1 Kings x, 27. And the king made silver to be in Jerusalem as stones, and cedars made he to be as the sycamore trees that are in the vale, for abundance. Ps. lxxviii, 47. He destroyed their sycamore trees with frost. Amos vii, 14. Then answered Amos, and said to Amaziah, I was Deut. vi, 11. . . . . . Vineyards no prophet, neither was I a pro-)

OLIVE.

Luke xix, 4. And he ran before and climbed up into a sycam re tree to see him: for he was to pass that aug.

TEIL

İsa. vi, 13. As a t tree, and as an oak, whose sabstance is in thein, when they cust their leaves: so the holy send akalı be the substance thereof.

WILLOW.

Job xl, 22. The shady tree cover him with their shadow; willows of the brook compass in about.

Isa. xliv, 4. And they shall spit up as among the grass, as wilet by the water courses.

Ezek. xvii. 5. He took also the seed of the land, and place) it in a fruitful field; he placed f great waters, and set it as a vi low tree.

HERBS AND SHRUBS MENTIONED IN SCRIPTURE ALOES AND CALAMUS, MY,

SAFFRON, SPIKES ARD

Cant. iii, 6. Who is this the cometh out of the wilderness lat pillars of smoke, pertumed wik my rh and frankincense, with il powders of the merchant?

Cant. iv, 14. ... Myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices.

Prov. vil, 17. I have pertume! my bed with myrrh, alves, ali

cinnamon.

John xix, 39. And there came also Nicodemus, which at the firs came to Jesus by nigh, an brought a mixture of myrrh: at aloes, about an hundred poti weight.

ANISE, CUMMIN, AND MIST. Matth. xxiii, 23. Woe uplayS scribes and Pharisees, hyper: 298 for ye pay tithe of mint and and cummin, and have on the weightier matters of the

CUCUMBER, GARLICK, LEEKS, MELON, ONIONS Num. xi, 5. We remember fish which we did eat in Eg freely; the cucumbers, and of melons, and the leeks, and the onions, and the garlick.

CASSIA.

Ps. xlv, 8 All thy garme smell of myrrh, and alors. 6% cassia, out of the ivory palaces whereby they have made the glad.

FITCHES.

Isa. xxviii 27. For the fich

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basin; and none of you shall go had commanded the clouds from out at the door of his house until above, and opened the doors of the morning. heaven, And had rained down manna upon them to eat, and had given them of the corn of heaven. Man did eat angels' food: he sent them meat to the full.

REEDS AND FLAGS.

Job viii, 11, 12. Can the rush grow up without mire? can the flag grow without water? Whilst it is yet in his greenness, and not cut down, it withereth before any other herb

the brooks, by the mouth of the Isa. xix. 7. The paper reeds by brooks, and every thing sown by the brooks, shall wither, be driven away, and be no more.

Luke vil, 24. And when the messengers of John were departed. he began to speak unto the people concerning John. What went ye A reed shaken with the wind? out into the wilderness for to see?

MIRACULOUS PRODUCTS AND SPIRITUAL SYMBOLS Ps. Ixxviii, 23-25. Though he

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you, I will drink no more of the Mark xiv, 25. Verily I say unto fruit of the vine, until that day that I drink it new in the kingdom of God.

them that sat at meat with him Luke xiv, 15. And when one of heard these things, he said unto him, Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the kingdom of God.

let him hear what the Spirit saith Rev. ii, 17. He that hath an ear, unto the churches; To him that overcometh will I give to eat of the hidden manna, and will give him a white stone, and in the stone a new name written, which receiveth it. no man knoweth saving he that

VISIONS AND DREAMS.

VISIONS A MODE OF

DIVINE REVELATION.

Num. xii, 6. And he said, Hear how my words: If there be a pro phet among you, I the LORD will make myself known unto him in a vision, and will speak unto him in a dream.

1 Sam. iii. 1. And the child Samuel ministered unto the LORD before Eli. And the word of the LORD was precious in those days: there was no open vision.

And he

the word of the LORD came unto
Abram in a vision, saying, Fear
not, Abram: I am thy shield, and
thy exceeding great reward.

JACOB.

Gen. xlvi, 2. And God spake unto Israel in the visions of the night, and said, Jacob, Jacob. And he said, Here am I.

MOSES.

Exod. ill. 2. And the Angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a 2 Chron. xxvi, 5. flame of fire out of the midst of a sought God in the days of Zech-bush: and he looked, and, behold, ariah, who had understanding in the bush burned with fire, and the visions of God: and as long as he sought the LORD, God made him to prosper.

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VISIONS MENTIONED IN
SCRIPTURE.

TO ABRAHAM.

the bush was not consumed.

Deut. xxxiv, 10-12. And there arose not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the LORD knew face to face; In all the signs and the wonders which the LORD sent him to do in the land of Egypt, to Pharaoh, and to all his servants, and to all his land, And in all that mighty hand, and in all the great terror which Moses shewed in the sight of all Israel.

SAMUEL.

1 Sam. ii, 1, 4, 7, 15. And the
child Samuel ministered unto the
LORD before Eli. And the word
of the LORD was precious in those
days; there was no open vision.
The LORD called Samuel: and he
Now
answered, Here am I.
Samuel did not yet know the
LORD, neither was the word of the
unto him.
LORD yet revealed
And Samuel lay until the morn-
ing, and opened the doors of the
house of the LORD. And Samuel
feared to show Eli the vision.

NATHAN.

2 Sam. vii, 4, 17. And it came to pass that night, that the word of the LORD came unto Nathan, saying, According to all these words, and according to all this vision, so did Nathan speak unto David.

ELIPHAZ.

Job iv, 12-16. Now a thing was secretly brought to me, and mine ear received a little thereof. In thoughts from the visions of the

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Ezek. 1, 4. And I looked,

behold, a whirlwind came off the north, a great cloud and flre infolding itself, and a brig ness was about it, and out of to midst thereof as the color of amber, out of the midst of the fire.

Ezek. viii, 4 And, behold glory of the God of Israel there, according to the vision the I saw in the plain.

Ezek. x, 1. Then I looked behold, in the firmament that above the head of the cherthin there appeared over them were a sapphire stone, appearance of the likeness of a throne.

Ezek. xi, 24, 25. Afterwards spirit took me up, and brought me in a vision by the Spirit of into Chaldea, to them of the tivity: so the vision that I had seen went up from me. Then spake unto them of the capit all the things that the Los showed me.

(See under IDOLATRY AND SPIRITS.)

NEBUCHADNEZZAR Dan. ii, 28. But there is a Go? heaven that revealeth secrets maketh known to the Nebuchadnezzar what shall be the visions of thy head up the latter days. Thy dream, bed, are these.

Dan. iv, 5. I saw a dres which made me afraid, and

thoughts upon my bed, and t

visions of my head, troubled me

DANIEL

Dan. ii, 19. Then was the sect night, when deep sleep falleth on revealed unto Daniel in a men, Fear came upon me, and vision. Then Daniel blessed the trembling, which made all my God of heaven. bones to shake. Then a spirit

Dan. vii, 1. In the first yea

passed before my face; the hair of Belshazzar king of Babi my flesh stood up: It stood still. Daniel had a dream, and vis Gen. xv, 1. After these things but I could not discern the form of his head upon his bed, then

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wrote the dream, and told the sum of the matters.

Dan. vii, 28. Hitherto is the end of the matter. As for me Daniel, my cogitations much troubled me, and my countenance changed in me: but I kept the matter in my heart.

Dan. viti, 1, 2, 8. 9. 15, 16 26 27. In the third year of the reign of king Belshazzar a vision appeared unto me,even unto me Daniel, after thatwhich appeared unto me at the first. And I saw in a vision; and it came to pass, when I saw, that I was at Shushan in the palace, which is in the province of Elam; and I saw in a vision, and I was by the river of Ulai. The he-goat waxed very great: and when he was strong, the great horn was broken; and for it came up four notable ones, toward the four winds of heaven. And out of one of them came forth a little horn, which waxed exceeding great, toward the south, and toward the east, and toward the pleasant land. And it came to pass, when I, even I Daniel, had seen the vision, and sought for the meaning, then, behold, there stood before me as the appearance of a man. And I heard a

man's voice between the banks of Ulai, which called, and said, Gabriel, make this man to understand the vision. And the vision of the evening and the morning which was told is true: wherefore shut thou up the vision; for it shall be for many days. And I Daniel fainted,and was sick certain days: afterward I rose up, and did the king's business; and I was astonished at the vision, but none understood it.

In the third

them in the head, all of them: and
I will slay the last of them with
the sword: he that fleeth of them
shall not flee away; and he that
escapeth of them shall not be de-
livered.

(ZECHARIAH, See under
PARABLES AND EMBLEMS.)
ANANIAS.

Acts ix, 10. And there was a
certain disciple at Damascus,
named Ananias; and to him said
the Lord in a vision, Ananias.
And he said, Behold, I am here,
Lord.
CORNELIUS.

Acts x, 3. He saw in a vision
evidently about the ninth hour of
the day an angel of God coming
into him, and saying unto him,
Cornelius.

PAUL.

Acts xxii, 18. And saw him saying unto me, Make haste, and get thee quickly out of Jerusalem: for they will not receive thy testimony concerning me.

tinne a short space. And the beast that was, and is not, even he is the eighth, and is of the seven, and goeth into perdition. And the ten horns which thou sawest are ten kings, which have received no kingdom as yet; but receive power as kings one hour with the beast. These have one mind, and shall give their power and strength unto the beast. These shall make war with the Lamb, and the Lamb shall overcome them: for he is Lord of lords, and King of kings: and they that are with him are called, and chosen, and faithful.

THE DISCIPLES.

Matth. xvii, 2, 3. And was transgured before them: and his face did shine as the sun, and his ralment was white as the light. And, behold, there appeared unto them Moses and Elias talking with him.

Luke ix, 32, 33. But Peter and they that were with him were heavy with sleep: and when they were awake, they saw his glory, and the two men that stood with him. And it came to pass, as they departed from him, Peter said unto Jesus, Master, it is good for us to be here: and let us make three tabernacles; one for thee, and one for Moses, and one for Elias: not knowing what he said.

2 Cor. xii, 1-4. It is not expedient for me doubtless to glory: I will come to visions and revelations of the Lord. I knew a man in Christ above fourteen years ago, (whether in the body, I cannot fell; or whether out of the body, an one caught up to the third I cannot tell: God knoweth;) such heaven. And I knew such a man, (whether in the body, or out of the body, I cannot tell: God knoweth;) How that he was caught up him, Behold now, there is in this into paradise, and heard unspeak-city a man of God, and he is an able words, which it is not lawful honourable man; all that he saith cometh surely to pass: now let us go thither; peradventure he can show us our way that we should go.

for a man to utter.

JOHN.

Rev. vi, 1. And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals; and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see.

Dan. x, 1, 7-9. year of Cyrus king of Persia a thing was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the thing was true, but the time appointed was long: and he understood the thing, and had understanding of the vision. Rev. xvii, 7-14. And the angel And I Daniel alone saw the vision: thou marvel? I will tell thee the said unto me, Wherefore didst for the men that were with me mystery of the woman, and of the saw not the vision; but a great beast that carrieth her, which quaking fell upon them, so that hath the seven heads and ten they fled to hide themselves. Therefore I was left alone, and horns. The beast that thou sawFaw this great vision, and there est was, and is not; and shall remained no strength in me: for ascend out of the bottomless pit, my comeliness was turned in me and go into perdition: and they into corruption, and I retained no that dwell on the earth shall strength. Yet heard I the voice wonder, (whose names were not of his words: and when I heard written in the book of life from the voice of his words, then was the foundation of the world,) when in a deep sleep on my face, and they behold the beast that was, my face toward the ground. and is not, and yet is. And here is the mind which hath wisdom. The seven heads are seven mountains, on which the woman sitteth.

Амов.

I

standing upon the altar; and he
Amos ix, 1. I saw the LORD And there are seven kings: five
Baid, Smite the lintel of the door, other is not yet come;
are fallen, and one is, and the
and
'that the posts may shake: and cut when he cometh, he must con-

NIGHT AND SLEEP.

1 Sam. ix, 6. And he said unto

Esther vi, 1. On that night could manded to bring the book of renot the king sleep; and he comcords of the Chronicles; and they were read before the king.

slept, I awaked; for the Lord susPs. iii, 5. I laid me down and tained me.

Ps. iv, 8. I will both lay me down in peace, and sleep: for thou, Lord, only makest me dwell in safety.

Ps. lxxvi, 5. The stout-hearted are spoiled, they have slept their sleep; and none of the men of might have found their hands.

*Prov. ill, 24. When thou liest

down, thou shalt not be afraid; yea, thou shalt lie down, and thy sleep shall be sweet.

Prov. iv, 16. For they sleep not

except they have done mischief, and their sleep is taken away unless they cause some to fall.

Eccles. v, 12. The sleep of a

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