sul what that meant ; "What," said he, "should it mean, but Woe to the conquered?" Now when L. Camillus the dictator had suddenly set upon the Gauls, as they were weighing, and had slain many of them, Brennus complained that this act of hostility was contrary to the agreement made with him; the dictator only retorted his own words, "Woe to the conquered." 18. Selymus the First, emperor of the Turks, lay at Constantinople sick of an ulcer in the reins, and afterwards was seized upon by a malignant fever; so that wearied with his disease, and being a burden to himself, he died September 1520, in the same village of Chiurle, where he had formerly fought with his father; which certainly came to pass, not without a manifest token of Divine justice, that he should suffer in that very place where he had sinned. 19. Aba, a tyrant of Hungary, was put to fight by the emperor Henry the Third, in the behalf of Peter the lawful king being forced to fly, he passed the Danube, and got to a village called Scabe, near the river Tibiscus at this place he had slain many of the nobility, and at the same place himself was murdered by the swords of his own mutinous soldiers. 20. Theudius, king of the Visigoths, was slain in his palace anno 587, by one that counterfeited madness; whilst he Jay breathing out his last, he commanded that his murderer should not be slain; for," said he, "I have no more than I deserved, having myself slain my prince whilst I was a private man." 21. Pericles, an Athenian commander, and one of great power in that state, ordained by a law, that no man should be admitted to any government in the commonwealth, unless born of both such parents as were citizens. This law of his came afterwards to touch upon himself, for those two sons he had, Paralus and Xanthippus, both died of the pestilence; he had others illegitimately born, who were supervivors of their father, but by virtue of this law of his, might not be admitted to any place of government in the republic. 22. Adam, bishop of Cathness, in the year 1222, was barbarously used by some wicked people suborned by the earl of Cathness; he was assaulted at his own house; his chamber-boy, with a monk of Melross that did ordinarily attend him, were killed; the bishop was drawn by force into his kitchen, and when they had scourged him with rods, they set the kitchen on fire, and burnt him therein. King Alexander the Second was at that time upon his journey towards England, and upon notice of this cruel fact, turned back and went in haste to Cathness, where he put the offenders and their partakers to trial; four hundred by public sentence were executed, and all their male child. ren gelded, that no succession_should spring from so wicked a seed. The earl for withholding his help, and because he did not rescue the bishop, had his estate forfeited; and although after some little time he found means to be restored, yet did he not escape the judgment of God: being murdered by some of his own servants, who conspired to kill him, and to conceal the fact, set the house on fire, and burnt his body therein. So was he paid home in the same measure he had used to the bishop. 23. Two grenadiers of the regiment of Flanders, in garrison at Ajaccio, deserted, and penetrating into the country, sought shelter from pursuit. Chance had brought their colonel, who happened to be out a hunting, into the track of the two grenadiers, who seeing him, ran into a swamp among the bushes. A shepherd had observed them, and with his finger pointed out their hiding place. The colonel, who did not comprehend the sign he was making, asked what it meant? The shepherd obstinately kept silence, but continued to direct him with his eyes and finger to the bushes. At length, the (17.) Zuing. Theatr. vol. 1. 1. 2. p. 210.-(18.) Knowle's Turk. Hist. p. 486.-19.) Zuing Theatr. vol. 2. 1. 7. p. 560.--(20.) Ibid, p. 466.-(21.) Ælian. Var. His:. 1. 6. c. 10.p. 193,—(23.) Spotsw. Hist, of the Ch. of Scotland, 2. p. 110, 111. people drink first, which is still observed as a point of civility in different parts of Spain. CHAP. XXXVIII. Of such Persons as have been extremely beloved by several Creatures; as Beasts, Birds, Fishes, Serpents, 'c. THe fittest object of man's love is certainly something that is above, or at least something that may pretend to a kind of equality with him; but yet this noble passion hath admitted of most unworthy descents. Xerxes doted upon a plane-tree; and we read of others that have been enamoured of statues; thus when the master hath humbled himself to his servant, it is the less wonder if his slaves rise, and tender him an affection that he may be ashamed of. 1. There are several relations in books people with him went to the place so pointed out, and discovered the heads of the deserters, who were up to the neck in mud. These unfortunate men were instantly seized, carried to Ajaccio, tried by a court martial, and condemned to be shot the next day. The sentence was executed : the shepherd, to whom the colonel had given a gratuity of four Louis d'ors, could not for joy keep it secret, and divulged his adventure. The shepherd's own family heard of it, and shuddered with horror. All his relations assembled and decided, that such a monster was not fit to live, as he had dishonoured his country and family by receiving the price of the blood of two men, innocent at least as to him. They sought him out, seized him, and led him close to the walls of Ajaccio; there having provided a priest to confess him, they shot him without farther ceremony, much in the same manner, and about the same time, as the French had shot the two deserters. After the execution, they put the four Louis d'ors into the hands of the priest, whom they commissioned to return them to the of the loves of wild creatures to men, to which yet I could never give any credit colonel. "Tell him," said they, we till such time as I saw a lynx, which I should think we polluted our hands and souls, were we to keep these wages had from Assyria, so affected towards of one of my servants (known to him but a iniquity. None of our nation will touch short time) that it could no longer be this money.” doubted but that he was fallen in love with him. As oft as the man was present, there were many and notable flatteries and embraces, and little less than kiss s; when he was about to go away, he would gently lay hold on his garments with his claws, and endeavour to detain him; when he departed he followed him with his eyes,andseldom took them off from that way he went. In the mean time he was sad till he saw him returning, and then he entertained him with a wonderful alacrity and congratulation. At last the man crossed the sea with me to go into the Turkish camp, and then the lynx witnessed the violent desires he had by continual sickness, and after he had for saken his meat for some days, he lan guished away till he died; which I was 24. About the year 980, Agna Sancha, countess of Castille, being a widow, became passionately in love with a Moorish prince; and having resolved to marry him, she formed the design of poisoning her son Sancho Garcia, count of Castille, who might have opposed this union. Garcia being informed of her design, when a cup of wine, which had been poisoned by order of the countess, was presented to him at table, without seeming to know any thing of the matter, he begged, as if out of compliment, that his mother would drink first. Agna perceiving that her criminal intention was discovered, and despairing to obtain pardon, drank the contents of the cup, and soon after exrise to the pired. This, it is said, gave custom in Castille, of making the women (23.) Universal. Mag. vol, xlix. p. 270.-(24.) De Lavau Recueil de diverses Histoires, vol. 1. part. 1. p. 89. 3L2 the the more displeased with, because I had determined to send him as a present to Cæsar, together with an Indian rat which I had very tame. 2. King Porus in a sharp fight with Alexander the Great, being sore wounded with many javelins thrown at him, fell from the back of his elephant, upon which he was mounted. The soldiers supposing him dead came upon him, with a purpose to rob him of his arms and ornaments. Here it was that the dephant made use of all his fury in the defence of his master; and having cleared the place of the most forward of the assailants, he took up the body of his lord with his trunk, placed him again upon his back, by which means the king was saved, but the elephant died of his wounds. 3. This which followeth happened in our time, and standeth upon record in the public registers; namely, in the year that Appius Junius and P. Silus were consuls, Titus Sa binus and his servants were executed for an outrage committed upon the person of Nero, the son of Germanicus. One of them that died had a dog which could not be kept from the prison 'door; and when his master was thrown down the stairs (called Scale Gemonic) would not depart from his dead corpse, but kept a most picteous howling and lamentation about it in the sight of a great multitude of Romans that stood round about to see the execution. And when one of the company threw the dog a piece of meat, he straightways carried it to the mouth of his master lying dead, Moreover, when the carcase was thrown into the Tyber, the same dog swam after, and made all the means he could to bear if up afloat, that it should not sink; and to the sight of this spectacle and fidelity of the poor dog to his master, a number of people ran forth by heaps out of the city to the water-side. 4. In Patras, a city of Achaia, a boy called Thoas had bought a young dragon, which he kept and nourished with great çare, and a notable familiarity there was grown betwixt these two. But when the dragon was grown to a considerable bigness, the citizens caused it to be carried into the wilderness, and left there. It happened that this Thoas being grown up to a young man, was returning with some of his companions from certain sights they had been to see, and in their journey were set upon by robbers. Thoas cried out, his voice was straight known to the dragon, who was lurking not far from the place, who immediately came forth to his rescue, frighted some, and slew others, and so preserved the life of his benefac tor. 5. Centaretrius the Galatian having slain Antiochus in the war, get upon the back of the dead king's horse; but he had no sooner done so, but that the horse seemed sensible that it was his master's enemy that bestrid him; so that taking the bit in his teeth, he ran with all the speed that might be to the top of a rock, from whence he threw both himself and his rider headlong in such manner, that neither could be taken up alive. 6. In the reign of Augustus Cæsar the emperor, there was a dolphin entered the Lucrine lake, which loved a certain boy, a poor man's son, in a strange manner. The boy usingto go every day from Baie to Puteoli to school, and about noon used to stay at the water side, and to call unto the dolphin Simo, Simo, and many times would give him fragments of bread which he daily brought him for that purpose, and by this means allured the dolphin to come at his call. I should be ashamed to insert this relation into my history, but that Mecenas Fabianus, Mavius Alfius, and many others have set it down for truth in their chronicles. In process of time, at what hour soever of the day the boy called Simo, the dolphin, though never so close hidden, would come abroad and scud to this lad, and taking bread and other victuals at his hand, would gently offer him his back to mount upon, letting fall the sharp prickles of his fins, for fear of hurting the boy; when he had him Burt. Melancholy, part 3. sect. 2. p. 404.-(2.) Lonic. Theat. 3.) Plin. Hist. 1. 9. c. 40. p. 219. Xiphil. in Tiber. p. 87. Lovic. Lonic, Theatr. p. 327. Elian. de Anim. Hist. 1. 6. Lonic.Theatr. p. 328. (1.) Busbeq. ep. 3. p. 52, p. 328. Flut. Moral. p. 963. Theatr. p. 328-4.) Plin. I. s. c. 17. p. 204. c. 63. p. 393. (5., Pl.n. 1. 6. c. 42. p. 221. од on his back, he would carry him over the broad arm of the sea as far as Puteoli to school, and in like manner convey him back again home; and thus continued for many years together so long as the lad lived. But when the boy was fallen sick and died, the dolphin usually came to the place, seemed to be heavy and mourn for the absence of his beloved; and at last, it is presumed for very grief and sorrow, himself was found dead upon the shore. 7. Egesidemus writes, that in the city of Jassos there was a boy called Hermias, who having used likewise to ride upon the back of a dolphin over the sea, chanced at last, in a sudden storm, to be overwhelmed with waves, as he sat upon his back, and so died: he was brought back by the dolphin dead as he was, who (as it were) confessing that he was the cause of his death, would never return again into the sea, but launched himself upon the sands, and there died upon the shore. 8. In the great Circus at Rome, at a solemn spectacle, there were many persons condemned to be torn in pieces by wild beasts let loose upon them from dens and caves made for the purpose. Amongst these miserable persons was, 'one Androdus, who had been servant to a consular person. There was a liqn let forth upon him, the most terrible of all others to look upon both for strength and extraordinary fierceness, who at the first stood still, as one in admiration, and then softly and mildly approaching the man, moved his tail, after the flattering manner of a dog, and then gently licked the legs and hands of the poor slave that was almost dead with fear, and defended him against all the wild beasts in the circus. All the people saw this wonder, not without great applause. Androdus was therefore sent for by Cæsar, who inquired of him the reason, why that terrible beast had spared him alone, and had fawned upon him in that manner. The slave told him that being servant to the proconsul of Afric, by over-hard usage he had been constrained to run away into the sands and solitudes, where, while he hid and rested himself in a cave, there came to him this huge lion lame of one foot, and bloody, who seemed mildly and gently to crave his assistance; that he took up his foot, and having pulled out a long and sharp thorn gave him ease: that from that day to three years end he lived with the lion in that cave, who always brought him a part of his prey, which he roasted in the sun and eat. After which, weary of that way of life, (in the lion's absence,) he went his way, and having gone three days' journey, he was seized upon by the soldiers, and brought out of Africa to Rome to his lord, and by him was condemned to be thus exposed to the wild beasts to be devoured; but that it seems this lion being afterwards taken, had again taken knowledge of him, as he had seen. Upon this the people universally interposed for the pardon of Androdus, and that he might have the lion bestowed upon him; it was granted, and the slave led the lion in a string, through the whole city: the people willingly gave him money, with great acclamations, crying out," This is the lion that was the man's host, and this is the man that was the lion's physician." Gellius calls the slave Androclus. 9. Busbequius tells of a Spaniard who was so heloved by a crane of Majorca, that the poor bird would walk any way with him, aud in his absence seek about for him, make a noise that he might hear her, and knock at his door; and when he took his last farewell, not able to sustain her loss and passionate desire, she abstained from all food and died. 10. There was a wonderful example about the city of Sestos of an eagle: upon which account that bird is had in great honour in those parts. A young maid had brought up an eagle by hand from a young one; the eagle, to requite her kindness, would first, when she was but little, fly abroad a-birding, and ever bring part of that she had gotten to her nurse. (6.) Plin, Hist. 1. 9. c. 8. p. 239. Sandys on Ovid. Metamorph. 1. 6. p. 115. (7.) Plin. Hist, 1. 9. c. 8. p. 239. Plut. Morals, p. 979.-(8.) Lonic, Theatr, p. 327. A. Gell, Noct. Attic. 1. 5. c. 14, p. 157, 158.-(9.) Burt, Melancholy, part 2, § 2, p. 404. In In process of time being grown bigger and stronger, she would set upon wild beasts also in the forests, and furnish her young mistress continually with store of venison at length it happened that the young woman died, and when her funeral fire was burning, the eagle flew into the midst of it, and there was consumed to ashes, with the corpse of the virgin, In memorial whereof the inhabitants of Sestos erected in that very place a stately monument, which they call Heroum, de dicated to Jupiter and the virgin; because the eagle is a bird consecrated to that god. CHAP. XXXIX. Of the extraordinary Honours done to some great Persons in their Life-time or at their Death. THE usual manner of the world is, to frown upon present virtue, and to pursue it with envy and detraction; but when once it is removed from our eyes, then, as if we repented of our former injustice, we can be contented those should have their due honour, who are now no longer in a capacity to enjoy it. It is true, the same world hath dealt more sincerely with some in this kind than with others; to some few it hath made present payment, but has reserved the payment of the just debt to others, till they have been withdrawn into their graves. 1. The Turkish emperor, desirous to recover Bagdat, sent Chalil Bassa with an army of five hundred thousand men to reduce it. Schach Abas, the Persian king, commanded Cartzschugai Chan to march to the relief of the city with a small brigade, but consisting of choice men, and he followed him in person with the whole army he himself got into the city, and sent Cartzschugai Chan to meet theTurk, whom he wearied out with perpetual skir mishes for six months together. At last he gave him battle, disordered and defeated him, forcing him to fly as far as Netzed. Upon the first news of the victory Schach Abas left the city to go and meet Cartzschugai Chan, and being come near him alighted, and said to him, "My dearest Aga, I have by thy means and conduct obtained so noble a victory, that I would not have desired a greater of God: come, get up on the horse, it is fit I should be thy lackey." Cartzschugai was so surprised at this discourse, that he cast himself at his feet, intreated his majesty to look on him as his slave, and not to expose him to the derision of all the world by doing him an honour so extraordinary, and which it were impossible he could any way deserve. But notwithstanding all his intreaties, he was forced to get up, the king and the Chans following on foot seven paces 2. Timoleon the Corinthian was the person who subverted the kingdom and the tyrant Dionysius in Sicily, and restored the city of Syracuse to her pristine liberty; for which act of his, the grate ful city, understanding his death, decreed him perpetual honours, and that he should be buried, and his tomb erected in the forum or market-place. 3. The day that Germanicus the son of Drusus died, the temples were battered with a tempest of stones, the altars overturned, the household gods by some thrown into the streets, and children laid out to perish: the barbarians also did consent to a truce; being in civil wa amongst themselves, or waging it with the Romans as in a domestic or com mon mourning, some princes and governors amongst them cut off their beards, and shaved the heads of their wives, in sign of the greatest and most afflicting grief. The king of kings also, that is, the king of Parthia, forbore his hunting and feasting of the nobles, which is a kind of vacation amongst the Par thians. 4. Aratus had delivered the Sycionians (10.) Plin. Nat. Hist. 1, 10. c. 5. p. 273. (1.) Olear. Trav. 1.6. p. 354, 355.-(2.) Sabel. Ex. 1. 3. c. 2. p. 182. p. 584. Plut. in Timol. p. 254.-(3.) Sueton. in C, Caligul, c. 5. p. 167. An. Mund. 4023. Fulgos. Ex. 1. 5. c. 9. Usher's Annals. p, $13. from |