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winter coming on, and the fort being ill-seated as exposed to the north, the men suffered very much through extremity of cold and deep snows; and being forced to cross a great river for water and wood, many of them were dangerously sick. This hard season being over, monsieur de Monts searched all the coast in a small vessel he built to discover a more convenient place to settle, and at last pitched upon Port Royal, where he left part of his men, and returned himself to France. Purchas, vol. IV. p. 1620.

An. 1605, and on the last day of March, captain George Weymouth with one ship sailed from the Downs, and on the eighteenth of May came to an anchor in S. George's Island on the coast of Virginia, where he found great plenty of fish; and two days after removed into an excellent port, which he called Pentecost harbour. Then he run up a great river twentysix miles, and found it fit to receive and secure any number of ships. The natives of this coast traded in a friendly manner for several days, but were found at last to be treacherous, as only contriving by their fair show of kindness to draw the English into their power; who being aware of them in time broke off the correspondence, and returned into England without making any considerable advantage of this small discovery. Purchas, vol. IV. p. 1659.

An. 1606, Monsieur de Monts and Monsieur de Potrincourt sailed again from Rochel with one ship of an hundred and fifty ton. The twenty-eighth of June they came upon the bank of Newfoundland, and making the shore, coasted all along to Port Royal, where they had before left their colony, and anchored at the mouth of the harbour on the twenty-sixth of July. Here they found but two Frenchmen, the rest being gone with their small vessel towards Newfoundland; but soon returned, being met by a pinnace belonging to this last come ship, left to coast along close by the shore. Here they settled a-new, viewed all the country about for a more convenient seat for their town, were most obligingly treated by the natives, and planted, and had crops of all sorts of European grain and garden stuff: yet after all, the colony was forsaken,

not for any defect in the country, as may appear by what has been said; but because new measures were taken in France, and the supplies that should have been sent them were employed another way. Purchas, vol. IV. p. 1627.

The same year 1606, on the twentieth of December, three ships sailed from London, commanded by captain Newport, to settle a colony in Virginia; and passing among the Spanish American islands, on the twentysixth of April came into the Bay of Chesapeac, where they presently landed, and had some men hurt in skirmish with the natives. The twenty-seventh they marched eight miles up the country, and the twentyeighth went up the bay in their boats, where they always found shallow water; but returning, they fell into a channel six, eight, and ten fathom deep, which was a satisfaction, and therefore they called the point of land next it Cape Comfort. The point at the mouth of the bay they called Cape Henry. The following days they surveyed all the shores in their boats, being civilly treated every where by the Indians; and running up Powhatan river, found a place where their ships could lie moored to the trees in six fathom water. Here on the fourteenth of May they landed all their men, and fell to work to fortify themselves, resolving to settle their colony, as they did, giving it the name of James Town; which is the first plantation of the English in Virginia that continued, as it does to this day. June the twenty-second captain Newport in the admiral was sent back into England. In the colony were left an hundred and four men with little provision, and therefore they were soon reduced to great extremities; many also dying of diseases peculiar to that country. But in their greatest distress, the natives, who before had been their enemies, supplied them with plenty of all sorts of victuals, which recovered the sick men, and was the saving of the colony. Every year after ships arrived from England with supplies, till the new town grew to a considerable body, and sent out other colonies to the parts adjacent, where they were thought necessary, till they made themselves masters of that northern part of America. The relation is too

long any more than to be hinted as above, but to be seen at large in Purchas, vol. IV. p. 1705.

An. 1610. Mr. Hudson again undertook the discovery of a north-west passage, which had been laid aside for some years, and proceeded a hundred leagues further than any before him had done, giving names to some places, to be seen in the maps; as Desire Provokes, Isle of God's Mercies, Prince Henry's Cape, King James's Cape, and Queen Anne's Cape: but he could proceed no farther for ice.

An. 1611. Sir Thomas Button, at the instigation of prince Henry, whose servant he was, pursued the northwest discovery. He passed Hudson's Strait, and leaving Hudson's Bay to the south, sailed above two hundred leagues to the south-westward, through a sea above eighty fathom deep, and discovered a great continent called by him New Wales; where after much misery and sickness, wintering at Port Nelson, he carefully searched all the bay, from him called Button's Bay, back again almost to Digg's Island. He discovered the great land called Cary's Swansnest. He lost many men during his stay in the river called Port Nelson, in 57 degrees 10 minutes of north latitude; though he kept three fires in his ship all winter, and had great store of white partridges, and other fowl, besides deer, bears, and foxes.

An. 1612. Mr. Richard Moore was sent in April with one ship and sixty men to inhabit the Summer Islands, otherwise called Bermudas, long before discovered by the Spaniards, who after some attempts to settle there, abandoned them; and were after accidentally found by sir Thomas Gate and sir George Summers, who were shipwrecked upon them, and lived there nine months, during which time they built a ship and a pinnace with the cedar growing there, and in 1610 sailed away for Virginia, leaving only two men in the great island. A ship sent thither from Virginia left only three men in the island, who found there ambergris to the value of nine or ten thousand pounds. Mr. Moore at his coming this year found those three men in perfect health. He settled a colony, and con

tinued there three years, being relieved from time to time, till they amounted to above six hundred inhabitants, who built several forts, but had like to have been themselves destroyed by an infinite number of rats, which increased from a few coming ashore out of a ship, and continued for four years devouring all the growth of the country, notwithstanding all possible means were used to destroy them.

An. 1612. James Hall and William Baffin returned into England, having discovered Cockin's Sound in 65 degrees two minutes latitude, and tried the mine at Cunningham's River, which they found to be worth nothing.

An. 1615. Mr. Baffin went again, and the chief thing he discovered was, that there is no passage in the north of Davis's Strait.

An. 1616. Mr. Baffin was sent the third time, and entered sir Thomas Smith's Bay in 78 degrees of latitude; and returned, despairing of finding any passage that way.

An. 1620. A ship sailed from Plymouth for New England on the sixth of September; though we have not the commander's name, nor what force his ship was of. It is also here to be observed, that all the northern coast from about 60 to 40 degrees of north latitude, was first discovered by Sebastian Cabot, and afterwards at several times by Cortereal, a Portuguese, as has been set down in their proper places, and by sundry English and French discoverers; to particularize every one of whose voyages would swell a volume, and therefore only the principal discoveries and plantations are here set down, as most suitable to the nature of this discourse, and the intended brevity. This ship we now speak of anchored in the bay of Cape Cod in New England, and in 41 degrees and a half of north latitude on the 11th of November. Here they put out their boat, and landed men, who went some miles into the country several ways without meeting any people, and only found some little Indian wheat buried, the boat coasting along the shore. This they continued for several days, seeking out some proper place to settle. At

length on the twenty-third of December, they pitched upon a place to their mind, and fell to work to building their houses, dividing themselves into nineteen families, that the fewer houses might serve. About this place they found no people, but were told by an Indian, who came to them from the next part inhabited, that the natives there had all died lately of a plague. This savage brought some of the neighbouring people to them, by whom they were conducted to their king, a very poor one, with whom they concluded peace and amity. The following year this new colony was reinforced with thirty-five men from England, and supplied with provisions and necessaries, and called New Plymouth in New England. A war soon breaking out with another Indian prince, the English fortified their colony to secure themselves against all attempts of their enemies. From hence all other colonies were by degrees sent into other parts of the country; of which it were too tedious to give any further account. Purchas, vol. IV. p. 1842.

An. 1631. Captain James sailing into the north-west, was much pestered with ice in June and July; and entering a great bay near Port Nelson, he named the land New South Wales. Roving up and down these seas, he gave names to these places discovered by him, viz. Cape Henrietta Maria, Lord Weston's Island, Earl of Bristol's Island, Sir Thomas Roe's Island, Earl of Danby's Island, and Charlton Island. He wintered there in 52 degrees three minutes latitude, and returned home the following year 1632, having discovered much beyond Hudson, Button, and Baffin. The Danes have attempted to discover in these northern parts, but there is nothing remarkable in their actions.

An. 1667. Zachariah Gillam in the Nonsuch ketch passed through Hudson's Strait, and then into Baffin's Bay to 75 degrees of latitude, and thence southerly into 51 degrees; where in a river called Prince Rupert's River, he had a friendly correspondence with the natives, built a fort, which he called Charles Fort, and returned with success; having laid the foundation of an advantageous trade in those parts.

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