Kaf, Mount. See MOUNT CAF. Kail'yǎl. The heroine of Southey's "The Curse of Kehama." poem, Kâma (ka'mȧ), or Kâmadeva (kåmá-dā'vȧ). (Hindu Myth.) The god of love. He is a favorite theme of description and allusion in Sanskrit poetry. His power is so much exalted that even the god Brahma is said to succumb to it. He is described or represented as riding on a parrot or a sparrow, -the symbol of voluptuousness, and holding in his hands a bow of sugar-cane strung with bees, besides five arrows, each tipped with the bloom of a flower supposed to conquer one of the senses. Katherine. A lady attending on the princess of France, in Shakespeare's "Love's Labor's Lost." Kay, Sir. A foster-brother of King Arthur, and a rude and boastful knight of the Round Table. He was the butt of Arthur's court. He is generally made by the romancers the first to attempt an offered adventure, in which he never succeeds, and his failure in which acts as a foil to the brilliant achievement of some more fortunate and deserving, and less boastful, knight. [Written also Queux.]

Ke-hȧ'ma. A Hindu rajah, who obtains and sports with supernatural power. His adventures are related in Southey's poem entitled "The Curse of Kehama."

Keith, Wise Wife of. See WISE WIFE OF Keith.

Kemp/fer-hȧu'şen (-zn). A name assumed by Robert Pearce Gillies, a contributor to "Blackwood's Magazine," and one of the interlocutors in the 66 Noctes Ambrosiana" of that work. Ken'na-quhair (-kwâr). [Scot., Don't-know-where. Comp. Ger. Weissnichtwo.] A Scottish name for any imaginary locality.

It would be a misapprehension to suppose, because Melrose may in general pass for Kennaquhair, or because it agrees with scenes of the Monastery" in the circumstances of the drawbridge, the mill-dam, and other points of resemblance, that therefore an accurate or perfect local similitude is to be found in all the particulars of the picture. Sir W. Scott.

Kent, Holy Maid of, or Nun of. See HOLY MAID OF KENT. Kerr, Õr'pheus C. (4). [That is, Office-seeker.] The nom de plume of Robert H. Newell, a humorous and popular American writer of the present day.

Ketch, Jack. A hangman or executioner; -so called in England, from one John Ketch, a wretch who lived in the time of James II., and made himself universally odious by the butchery of many brave and noble victims, particularly those sentenced to death by the infamous Jeffrey's during the "Bloody Assizes." The name is thought by some to be derived from Richard Jacquett, who held the manor of Tyburn, near London, where criminals were formerly

executed.

Ket'tle-drum'mle, Gabriel (-drum'ml). A covenanting preacher in Sir Walter Scott's "Old Mortality." Key of Christendom. A name formerly given to Buda, the capital of Hungary, on account of its political importance, its situation on the Danube, and its proximity to the Ottoman empire. It was twice taken by the Turks in the sixteenth century, but was finally wrested from them in the year 1686.

Key of Russia. An appellation popularly given to Smolensk, a fortified city of Russia, on the Dnieper, celebrated for its resistance to the French in 1812.

Key of the Gulf. A name often given to the island of Cuba, from its commanding position at the entrance of the Gulf of Mexico.

Key of the Mediterranean. A name

thirteen original States are arranged in the form of an arch, Pennsylvania will occupy the place of the keystone, as in the above cut.

Kil'man-segg, Miss. The heroine

of "A Golden Legend" by Thomas Hood; an heiress with great expectations and an artificial leg of solid gold.

King and Cobbler. King Henry VIII. and a certain merry London cobbler, who form the subject of one of the many popular tales in which the sovereign is represented as visiting the humble subject in disguise. King Arthur. A famous king of Britain, supposed to have flourished at the time of the Saxon invasion, and to have died at Glastonbury, in the year 542, from wounds received on the fatal battle-field of Camlan, which is thought to be Camelford, near Tintagel, in Cornwall. His true history has been overlaid with so many absurd fictions by the monkish chroniclers and medieval poets and romancers, that many have erroneously regarded him as altogether a mythical personage. The usual residence of King Arthur was said to be at Caerleon, on the Usk, in Wales, where, with his beautiful wife Guinever, he lived in splendid state, surrounded by hundreds of knights and beautiful ladies, who served as patterns of valor, breeding, and grace to all the world. From his court,

knights went out to all countries, to protect women, chastise oppressors, liberate the enchanted, enchain giants and malicious dwarts, and engage in other chivalrous adventures. A popular traditional belief was long entertained among the Britons that Arthur was not dead, but had been carried off to be healed of his wounds in fairy - land, and that he would reappear to avenge his countrymen, and resume the sovereignty of Britain. This legend was proverbially referred to in the Middle Ages, in speaking of those who indulged vain hopes or cherished absurd expectations. According to another account, Arthur was buried by his sister, the fairy Morgana, in the vale of Avalon, fifteen feet deep, and his tomb bore this inscription,

"Hic jacet Arthurus, rex quondam, rexque futurus."

Here Arthur lies, king once, and king to be. Giraldus Cambrensis states, that, in the reign of Henry II., a leaden cross bearing the inscription, "Hic jacet sepultus inclytus Rex Arthurus in insula Avallonia," Here in the island of Avalon the illustrious King Arthur is buried, was found in the cemetery of Glastonbury Abbey, under a stone seven feet below the surface; and that, nine feet below this, was found an oaken coffin containing bones and dust. See EXCALIBAR, GUINEVER, IGERNA, MODRED, RON, ROUND TABLE, UTHER.

The feats of Arthur and his knightly peers;
Of Arthur, who, to upper light restored,
With that terrific sword
Which yet he wields in subterranean war,
Shall lift his country's fame above the polar
Wordsworth.

star!

King Bomba. See BOMBA.
King Cam-by'ses. The hero of "A

Lamentable Tragedy" of the same name, by Thomas Preston, an elder contemporary of Shakespeare; a ranting character known to modern readers by Falstaff's allusion to him in Shakespeare's "1 Henry IV." (a. ii., sc. 4), - "Give me a cup of sack to make mine eves look red; for I must speak in passion, and I will do it in King Cambyses' vein."

"How!" said the smith, in King Cambyses

King Cotton. A popular personification of the great staple production of the Southern States of the American Union. The supremacy of cotton seems to have been first asserted by Mr. James H. Hammond, of South Carolina, in a speech delivered by him in the senate of the United States, on the 4th of March, 1858, from which the following is an extract:

"No: you dare not make war upon cot-* ton. No power on earth dares to make war upon it. Cotton is king. Until lately, the Bank of England was king; but she tried to put her screws, as usual, the fall before the last, on the cotton crop, and was utterly vanquished. The last power has been conquered. Who can doubt, that has looked at recent events, that cotton is supreme?"

When. the pedigree of King Cotton is traced, he is found to be the lineal child of the Tariff; called into being by a specific duty; reared by a tax laid upon the manufacturing industry of the North, to create the culture of the raw material in the South. E. Everett. King Es'ter-mère. The hero of an ancient and beautiful legend, which, according to Bishop Percy, would seem to have been written while a great part of Spain was in the hands of the Saracens or Moors, whose empire was not fully extinguished before the year 1491. Sir Walter Scott suggests that an old romance, entitled

King Günther. See GÜNTHER, KING.

King Horn. The hero and title of a French metrical romance, the work of a poet who calls himself "Mestre Thomas," held by some to be a composition of the latter part of the twelfth century, and the original of the English Horne Childe," or "Geste of Kyng Horn." By others, the English poem is regarded as the earlier of the two. Bishop Percy ascribed the English "King Horn" to so early a date as "within a century after the Conquest," although, in its present form, it is probably not older than the latter part of the thirteenth century.

King Log. A character in a celebrated fable of sop, which relates that the frogs, grown weary of living without government, petitioned Jupiter for a king, and that, in response to their request, he threw down a log among them for their ruler. The fable adds that the frogs, though at first terrified by the sudden appearance of their king, on becoming familiarized to his presence, and learning his true character, experienced a complete change of feeling, their dread being turned into the utmost contempt. They therefore entreated Jupiter for another king; whereupon he sent them a stork, or, as some say, a serpent, who immediately began to devour them with unappeasable voracity. Finding that neither their liberty, property, nor lives were secure under such a ruler, they sent yet once more to Jupiter for another king; but instead

of giving them one, he returned this answer merely: "They that will not be contented when they are well, must be patient when things go amiss."

So, when Jove's block descended from on high,.

Loud thunder to its bottom shook the bog, And the hoarse nation croaked, "God save King Log!" Pope.

I do not find. throughout the whole of it [Wouter Van Twiller's reign] a single instance of any offender being brought to punishment, a most indubitable sign of a merciful governor, and a case unparalleled, excepting in the reign of the illustrious King Log, from whom, it is hinted, the renowned Van Twiller was a lineal descendant.

W. Irving.

King-maker, The. A title popularly conferred upon Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick (d. 1471), who was chiefly instrumental in deposing King Henry VI., and raising the Duke of York to the throne as Edward IV., and who afterward put Edward to flight, and restored the crown to Henry.

Thus, centuries after feudal times are past, we find warriors still gathering under the old castle-walls, and commanded by a feudal lord, just as in the days of the King-maker, who, no doubt, often mustered his retainers in the same market-place where I beheld this modern regiment. Hawthorne.

A

King Nibelung (ne/ba-loong). king of the Nibelungen, a mythical Burgundian tribe, who give name to the great mediæval epic of Germany, the Nibelungen Lied.” He bequeathed to his two sons a hoard or treasure beyond all price or computation, and incapable of diminution, which was won by Siegfried, who made war upon the Nibelungen and conquered them. See SIEGFRIED.

Here is learning; an irregular treasury, if you will, but inexhaustible as the hoard of King Nibelung, which twelve wagons in twelve days, at the rate of three journeys a day, could not carry off. Carlyle.

King No'del. The name of the lion

in the old German animal-epos entitled 66 Reinecke Fuchs." See RE

NARD.

King of Bark. A sobriquet given by the Swedish peasants of his day to Christopher III. (d. 1448), king of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, on account of their having had to use birch-bark mixed with meal, in a time of scarcity. Michelet says that

Christopher himself was obliged to subsist temporarily on the bark of a tree, and derived the nickname from this circumstance.

King of Bath (2). A title bestowed upon Richard Nash (1674-1761), commonly called "Beau Nash," a celebrated master of the ceremonies, or president over amusements, at Bath, England. His reign continued, with undiminished splendor, for fifteen years.

King of Beggars. A sobriquet given to Bampfylde Moore Carew, a noted English vagabond, who died in 1758. An "Apology" for his life was written by Robert Goadby (8vo, London, 1749).

King of Brave Men. [Fr. Roi des Braves.] A surname or title given by the troops under his command to Henry IV. (1553-1610), a valiant and successful general.

King of Cots'would. Grey Brydges, Lord Chandos (d. 1621); so called from his magnificent style of living, and his numerous attendants. Cotswould, or Cotswold, is the name of a range of hills in Gloucestershire, in the neighborhood of Sudley Castle, his lordship's residence.

King of England's Viceroy. A name given by the French, in derision, to Louis XVIII. (1755-1824), on account of his manifestations of gratitude to the government of Great Britain for the assistance he had received from it in recovering the throne of his ancestors.

King of Feuilletons (fö-yton', 43, 62). [Fr. Le Roi des Feuilletons.1 A sobriquet given to Jules Gabriel Janin (b. 1804), a clever and extremely popular French journalist, who for many years was connected with the " Journal des Débats" as a writer for the "feuilleton," or that part of the paper devoted to light literature and criticism, it being the foot of the page, and separated from the upper portion by a heavy line. King of Kings. [Gr. Baσideús Baσidéwv.] 1. A title given to Christ in Rev. xvii. 14.

2. A title given to Artaxerxes, or Ardishir (d. 241), the first Sassanide king of Persia.

King of Men. 1. A title given by Homer, in the Iliad," to Agamemn

non, king of Mycena.

She, too, [Electra,] though a Grecian woman, and the daughter of the King of Men, yet wept sometimes, and hid her face in her robe. De Quincey.

2. The same title is given to Jupiter and to Odin. See JUPITER and ODIN.

King of Painters. A title assumed

by Parrhasius of Ephesus, a celebrated painter of antiquity, and the contemporary of Zeuxis. According to Plutarch, he was accustomed to dress himself in a purple robe, and wear a crown of gold.

King of Preachers. [Fr. Le Roi des Prédicateurs.] A name conferred upon Louis Bourdaloue (1632-1704), a noted French preacher. King of Reptiles. [Fr. Le Roi des Reptiles.] A nickname given to Bernard Germain Étienne de la Ville, Count Lacepède (1758-1825), on account of his researches in natural history, and also on account of the ready eloquence with which he justified the arbitrary measures of the Emperor Napoleon. He was the author of a work entitled "Histoire des Reptiles."

King of Tars. The subject and title of an ancient English metrical romance. Tars is Thrace, or, according to some commentators, Tarsus. King of Terrors. A common personification of death.

His confidence shall be rooted out of his tabernacle, and it shall bring him to the King of Terrors. Job xviii. 14. King of the Border. A name given to Adam Scott of Tushielaw, a noted robber who infested the border territory of England and Scotland. King of the Courts. [Lat. Rex Judiciorum.] A name conferred by Cicero upon Quintus Hortensius (d. B. c. 50), a distinguished Roman forensic orator.

King of the French. [Fr. Le Roi des Français.] The original style or ti

tle of the French kings, which was changed into that of King of France" by Philip Augustus (11791223). On the 16th of Oct., 1789, the National Assembly decreed that the old style should be resumed by Louis XVI. In 1792, the monarchy was abolished, and the republic declared; but in 1814 the house of Bourbon was restored, and both Louis XVIII. and Charles X. assumed the title of King of France." In 1830, the Revolution of July occurred, and soon after Louis Philippe was called to the throne as constitutional " King of the French," a title which he formally accepted on the 9th of August.

King of the Markets. [Fr. Le Roi des Halles.] A sobriquet conferred upon François de Vendôme Beaufort (1616-1669), grandson of Henry IV. He acquired this name from his popularity with the Parisians, his familiar manners, and the pleasure he took in using their language and slang. King of the Romans. [Lat. Rex

Romanorum.] A title assumed by the Emperor Henry II., previous to his coronation in 1014. He was the first reigning prince of Italy or Germany who bore it. In 1055, it was conferred upon the eldest son of Henry III., and afterward, for many years, was borne by the heirs of the emperors of Germany. Napoleon I. conferred the title of "King of Rome" upon his son, March 20,

1811.

King of Waters. A name given to the river Amazon.

King of Yvetot (ev'to'). [Fr. Le Roi d'Yvetot.] A title assumed by the lord of a little principality in France, named Yvetot, some time in the latter part of the eleventh century. In the sixteenth century, the title of king was changed to that of prince souverain, and, at a later day, the idea of sovereignty attached to this seigniory disappeared. Béranger has made of the King of Yvetot a model of a potentate, a good little king, not known in history, but hap pier than any monarch, having taken