monial plausibility, were especially disturbed by Mr. Walsingham's devoted attentions to Musidora. One invented a calumny, and another circulated a scandal, and finally the very innocence and purity of Muidora's manners, were made use of against her; for she was thrown into a society so unlike any she had ever seen in Carolina, that it was an entirely new field of observation; and finally she was made so uncomfortable by unjust criticism, that she determined to remove to another house and board with another friend of Dr. M'Elroy's, as he was now very ill, and could not come for her. Here, again, she found the very same unac countable prying into her affairs, and she determined that Washington was not congenial to her taste. "Courts can give nothing to the wise and good, For courtiers and politicians in power are thus described by the poet Young: "Who wrap destruction up in gentle words, And vows, and smiles more fatal than their swords: Who coin the face, and petrify the heart: the habit that historians attribute to Alexander the Great, of holding his head somewhat inclined to one side, and sometimes partially closing one eye, as if to prove what was undoubtedly the case during his mission in this country, that he could see a vast deal more with half an eye than all our ministers when they opened both theirs to the fullest extent, as they had to do more than once, if all tales be true, during the course of their transaction of business with Mr. Buchanan.” Who do for gold what Christians do through grace, — Who give a nod when broken hearts repine, -- This high-mettled widow lady's third son (Roland), the lover now of Musidora, stood high in the literary circles of England. His earliest celebrity arose from his popular essays, in which he proved his wonderful inductive powers of mind in tracing out the steady progress of England, in society, government, laws and literature, through the long line of dynasties from Henry VIII., to the final expulsion of the Stuarts. A series of bold and historical romances then issued from his nimble pen, denoting how a petty little kingdom had developed itself into a great representative Empire. As a critic, a historian, a philosopher, a statist, an imaginative writer, and a poet, applauses greeted him wherever he sojourned. Mr. Walsingham's attachment to the principles of British liberty, as developed by long centuries of successful struggle between the Court and Commons of England, had induced him as a souvenir of his brave old father to visit the American shores. A limited monarchist, he had been an enthu siastic admirer of that heroic contest, for the equal position of power and taxation, which a feeble but united people, under the guidance of Washington, had triumphantly maintained in the American Revolution. In visiting the country, he had made himself familiar with its situation, geographical extent, and resources, having passed over the Alleghany mountains, visited the great valley of the West, and penetrated the grea: chain of American lakes; and from these various observations he indulged the highest anticipations of the future prosperity and glory of the country, and its final power and influence in the family of nations. Indeed, he confessed that England was beginning to realize the folly of her sickly sentimentality in abolishing slavery in her colonies, for experience had proved to them that there was not a single "respectable form of civilization that ever existed, which was not originally based on the institution of slavery." "Mr. Bancroft," said Mr. Walsingham, "in the first volume of his History of the United States, gives an account of the early traffic of the Europeans in slaves. In the middle ages the Venetians purchased white men, Christians and others, and sold them to the Saracens in Sicily and Spain. In England the Anglo-Saxon nobility sold their servants as slaves to foreigners. The Portuguese first imported negro slaves from western Africa into Europe in 1442. Spain soon engaged in the traffic, and negro slaves abounded in some places of that kingdom. After America was discovered, the Indians of Hispaniola were imported into Spain and made slaves. The Spaniards visited the coast of North America and kidnapped thousands of the Indians, whom they transported into slavery in Europe and the West Indies. Columbus himself kidnapped 500 native Americans and sent them into Spain, that they might be publicly sold at Seville. The practice of selling North American Indians into bondage continued two centuries. Negro slavery was first introduced into America by Spanish slaveholders who emigrated with their negroes. A royal edict of Spain authorized negro slavery in America in 1518. King Ferdinand sent from Seville fifty slaves to labor in the mines. In 1531 the direct traffic in slaves between Africa and Hispaniola was enjoyed by royal ordinance. Las Casas, who saw the Indians vanishing away before the cruelty of the Spaniards, suggested that the negroes, who alone could endure severe toils, might be further employed. This was in 1518. "Sir John Hawkins was the first Englishman that engaged in the slave-trade. In 1552 he transported a large cargo of slaves to Hispaniola. In 1557 another expedition was prepared, and Queen Elizabeth protected and shared in the traffic. Hawkins, in one of his expeditions, set fire to an African city, and out of the three thousand inhabitants succeeded in seizing two hundred and sixty. "James Smith, of Boston, and Thomas Keyser first brought the colonies to participate in slavery. In 1654 they imported a cargo of negroes. "In 1628 a Dutch ship entered James river and landed twenty negroes for sale. This was the epoch of the introduction of slavery into Virginia. For many years the Dutch were principally concerned in the slave-trade in the market of Virginia.” Only think, my friend, of the enormous expenses England, and the Northern States here,* are subjected -- *"INCOMES OF LONDON CHARITIES. -There are in London twelve hospitals for general purposes, forty-six for special purposes, thirty-four dispensaries; giving relief to 365,956 persons every year. Ninety-two hospitals (income) £300,000; twelve societies for the preservation of life and health, benefiting 39,000, £40,000; seventeen penitentiaries and reformatories, £2,500; fifteen charities for the relief of the destitute, benefiting 150,000, £24,000; fourteen charities for debtors, widows, strangers, &c., £30,000; four Jewish charities, exclusive of twenty minor Jewish charities, £10,000; nineteen provident societies, £9,000; twenty-seven pension societies, benefiting 1,600, £58,968; thirty-three trade societies, of a purely charitable nature, exclusive of self-supporting societies, £113,467; a hundred and twenty-six asylums for the aged, benefiting 3,000, £87,630; nine charities for deaf, dumb, and blind, £25,000; twenty-one educational societies, £72,257; thirteen educational asylums, exolusive of schools supported by Government, 1,777 persons, £45,435; sixty home missions, many of which extend to every year to sustain vagabond, useless, wicked paupers; whereas at the South there is no such degradation at all, for the oldest slaves, many of them over a hundred years of age, are supported by their masters their operations beyond the metropolis, £400,000; five miscel laneous, not admitting classification, £3,252; seven Church of England foreign missions, £211,135. The above represent s total yearly income of £1,768,945. To these may be added £ve other societies not susceptible of classification, making a total of £1,682,197. If we separate the societies of a purely domestic character from those operations wholly or in part conducte-l in foreign lands, the result will be as follows: Home charities, £1,222,529; foreign missions, £459,668. The amount spent in foreign missions, therefore, is just one-third of that devoted to the relief, instruction, and reformation of the poor, the ignorant, the unfortunate, and the vicious of London." The New York Observer, one of the most respectable and dignified religious newspapers in the world, remarks: "In the city of New York the death-rate is very high, and has greatly increased within the last century. Compared with the death-rate of London, or with that of New York itself fifty years ago, there is a loss of 10,000 lives every year; that is, 10,000 persons die every year more than would die, were New York as healthy as it was fifty years ago, or as healthy as London now is. Correspondingly there has been, in this great city, a great increase of crime and pauperism; the latter having increased in the last twenty-nine years, in about a tenfold proportion above the increase of population. Every seventh person, in the entire population, is now a pauper and and supported at the public expense. Also, crime increased 25 per cent. in a single year, namely, the last year of which we have the Reports. And it is stated in the Report of the New York Juvenile Asylum," that there are now in the city not less than forty thousand delinquent and destitute children,' who are either already petty thieves and beggars, or else in a condition to become such, being 'homeless and neglected.' What a crop of social evil and 1 |