rent climate and situation: so that although John Lake's great abilities and merit must be freely acAwledged, still his fine-spun system proved in effect ules and impracticable." ... "Several attempts were afterwards made to amend these fundamental constitutions; but the inhabitants, satisfied that they were not applicable to their circumstances, would not themselves, or through their representatives in assemty, assent to them, as a body of laws."... "Whatever regulations the people found practical and useful, they adopted at the request of their governors; but still observed them on account of their own propriety and necessity, rather than as a system of laws imposed on them by British legislators."

Previous however to this experimental test, a residnce in the Colony appeared very inviting, from Mr. John Locke's novel government of palatines, landTaves, and caciques. Locke's plan of government says an old writer) for this Colony was, universal teleration in all religious matters: the only restriction in this respect being, that every person claiming the protection of that settlement should at the age of seventeen register himself in some particular comEumon. One of these early laws of Carolina reads thus: "No person above seventeen years of age shall Lave any benefit or protection of the law, or be capable of any place of honor or profit, who is not a member of some church or profession, having his name recorded

some one, and but one, religious record at a time." ...No person whatsoever shall speak any thing in ti ir religious assembly irreverently or seditiously of the government, or governors, or state matters.

"No agreement or assembly of men upon pretence religion shall be accounted a church or professio without these rules:

"1. That there is a God.

"2. That God is to be publicly worshipped.

"3. That it is lawful and the duty of every ma being thereunto called by those that govern, to be witness to the truth; and that every church or prof sion shall in their terms of communion set down t external way whereby they witness a truth, as in t presence of God, whether it be by laying on of har or kissing the Bible," &c.

To civil liberty however our philosopher, John Lock was not so favorable. "The code of Carolina gave the proprietors, who founded the Colony, and to the heirs, not only all the rights of a monarch, but all t powers of legislation. The Court, which was compos of this sovereign body, and called the Palatine Cou was invested with the right of nominating to employments and dignities, and even of conferri nobility, but with new and unprecedented titles.". "They were, for instance, to create in each coun two caciques, each of whom was to be possessed 24,000 acres of land; and a landgrave, who was have 80,000." (There is a variety of differences the accounts of historians of the number of acres the caciques and landgraves were to possess. Some them, for instance Thompson's "Alcedo," make t number of acres 480,000 to the landgraves.)

The persons on whom these honors should be t stowed were to compose the Upper House, and the possessions were made inalienable. They had on

the right of farming, or letting out a third part of them, at the most for three lives (perhaps thirty-one Jars.)

The Lower House was composed of deputies from the several counties and towns. The number of this representative body was to be increased as the Colony grew more populous. No tenant was to pay more than about a shilling per acre, and even this rent was redeemable. All the inhabitants, however, both slaves and freemen, were under an obligation to take up arms, upon the first order from the Palatine Court.

It was not long before the defects of this Constitution became apparent. The proprietary lords used every endeavor to establish an arbitrary government; an-1 on the other hand, the colonists exerted themselves. with great zeal to avoid servitude. In consequence of this struggle, the whole Province, distracted with tumul:s and dissensions, became incapable of any progress, though great things had been expected from its particular advantages of situation.

Though a toleration in religious matters was a part of the original Constitution, dissensions arose likewise on this account.

In 1705, Carteret, now Lord Granville, who, as the eldest of the proprietors, was sole Governor of the Colony, formed a design of obliging all the non-conformists to embrace the ceremonies of the Church of England; and this act of violence, though disavowed and rejected by the mother country, inflamed the minds of the people; and the government of Palatines, Landgraves, and Caciques (prepared by one of the most gical minds in England), after nearly half a century

"No agreement or assembly of men upon pretence of religion shall be accounted a church or profession, without these rules:

"1. That there is a God.

"2. That God is to be publicly worshipped.

"3. That it is lawful and the duty of every man, being thereunto called by those that govern, to bear witness to the truth; and that every church or profession shall in their terms of communion set down the external way whereby they witness a truth, as in the presence of God, whether it be by laying on of hands or kissing the Bible," &c.

To civil liberty however our philosopher, John Locke, was not so favorable. "The code of Carolina gave to the proprietors, who founded the Colony, and to their heirs, not only all the rights of a monarch, but all the powers of legislation. The Court, which was composed of this sovereign body, and called the Palatine Court, was invested with the right of nominating to all employments and dignities, and even of conferring nobility, but with new and unprecedented titles."... "They were, for instance, to create in each county two caciques, each of whom was to be possessed of 24,000 acres of land; and a landgrave, who was to have 80,000." (There is a variety of differences in the accounts of historians of the number of acres these caciques and landgraves were to possess. Some of them, for instance Thompson's "Alcedo," make the number of acres 480,000 to the landgraves.)

The persons on whom these honors should be bestowed were to compose the Upper House, and their possessions were made inalienable. They had only

the right of farming, or letting out a third part of them, at the most for three lives (perhaps thirty-one years.)

The Lower House was composed of deputies from the several counties and towns. The number of this representative body was to be increased as the Colony grew more populous. No tenant was to pay more than about a shilling per acre, and even this rent was redeemable. All the inhabitants, however, both slaves and freemen, were under an obligation to take up arms, upon the first order from the Palatine Court.

"It was not long before the defects of this Constitution became apparent. The proprietary lords used every endeavor to establish an arbitrary government; and on the other hand, the colonists exerted themselves. with great zeal to avoid servitude. In consequence of this struggle, the whole Province, distracted with tumul:s and dissensions, became incapable of any progress, though great things had been expected from its particular advantages of situation.

Though a toleration in religious matters was a part of the original Constitution, dissensions arose likewise on this account.

"In 1705, Carteret, now Lord Granville, who, as the eldest of the proprietors, was sole Governor of the Colony, formed a design of obliging all the non-conformists to embrace the ceremonies of the Church of England; and this act of violence, though disavowed and rejected by the mother country, inflamed the minds of the people; and the government of Palatines, Landgraves, and Caciques (prepared by one of the most logical minds in England), after nearly half a century