towards the sea, is seen the conspicuous Toмв raised over the bodies of the Athenians who fell in the memorable

battle against the Persians. Even the section recently made near its summit, with a view to open it, is visible from this place, like a dark line traced from the top towards the base. Farther on appears the Marathonian shore, where the Persian army landed; and close to the coast, upon the right, a marsh, wherein the remains of trophies and marble monuments are yet visible. Beyond all extends the sea, shewing the station of the Persian fleet, and the distant headlands of Euboea and of Attica.

CHAP. I.

Bey.

Sefairy.

From the Village of Marathon we descended into the PLAIN, by the bed of the Charadrus river; and crossing it, came first to the village of Bey, and afterwards to another village called Sefairy. These names are written as they were pronounced. We endeavoured to ascertain the etymology of the last; and the inhabitants told us that the word Sefairy signifies The war. Very little reliance, however, is to be placed upon information so obtained. Near to this place is one of the antient wells of the country. The villages of Bey and Sefairy may possibly occupy the sites of Probalinthus and Enoa, cities of the TETRAPOLIS 703 of ATTICA: they are situated at the foot of the mountain called Croton ; Croton; along along the base of which, between this mountain and the Charadrus river, extends

the

road

(2) Within this district were the four cities of Enoa, Marathon, Probalinthus, and Tricorythus. Vid. Strabon. Geog. lib. viii. p. 555. Edit. Oxon.

CHAP. I.

BRAURON.

Mountains of
Croton and
Agherlichi.

road to Athens, in a north-westerly direction'. Passing
round the foot of this mountain to the right, that is to say,
towards the west, in a part of the plain which lies between
Croton and another mountain called Agherlichi, lying
towards the south-west, we came to the village of Branna,
pronounced Vranna, and generally believed to be a cor-
ruption of the antient Brauron. To this village it was
that Wheler descended, by a different route, as before
mentioned, from that which we pursued; "over a ridge,"
he says,
"where the mountains of Nozea and Pendeli
meet." Owing to this circumstance, he does not appear to
have travelled along the old road from Athens to Marathon,
which the Athenian forces must have passed, in their way
to the plain; because we have already noticed the remains
of an antient paved-way in the journey we took, and he
mentions no appearance of this kind. Vranna, which he,
more lyrically, calls Urania, is situated, as he describes it to
be, "between two mountainous buttresses:" but they
do not belong to the same mountain, there being a separa-
tion between them; and they bear the two distinct names
of Croton and Agherlichi'.
Agherlichi3. At Brauron, the Athenian
virgins

(1) See the author's Topographical Chart of the Plain.
(2) Journey into Greece, p. 453. Lond. 1682.

(3) They are distinctly alluded to by Chandler, who followed Wheler's route,
and considers the mountain now called Agherlichi to be a part of Pentelicus. "We
soon entered," says he "between two mountains; Pentele ranging on our right; and
on the left, one of Diacria, the region extending across from Mount Parnes to
Brauron." (See Trav. in Greece, p. 160. Oxf. 1776.)
Oxf. 1776.) Chandler further says,
that the two mountains are divided by a wide and deep water-course, the bed of a
river or torrent antiently named Erasinus.