LI
Le-on'ti-des, polemarch of Thebes, puts the citadel
of that place into the hands of the Lacedæmon-
ians, ii. 424; he imprisons Ismenius, who was
his opponent, ibid.; he sends persons to Athens
to assassinate the principal exiles, 427; Pelopidas,
at the head of the conspirators, kills him, 430.
Le-on'ti-um, city of Sicily, ii. 181.
Le-on'ti-us, Philip's general, insults Aratus grossly
at a feast, iii. 423; he is security for the fine laid
on Megaleas upon the same account, ibid.; Phi-
lip takes the command of his troops from him,
and puts him to death, 425.
Le-os'the-nes, Athenian, informs Athens of Alex-
ander's death, and animates them to throw off
the Macedonian yoke, iii. 231; he is placed at the
head of the Greeks allied against Antipater, ibid. ;
his glorious exploits, 233; he receives a wound
at the siege of Lamia, and dies soon after, 234.
Le-o-tych'i-des, king of Lacedæmonia, in conjunc-
tion with Xanthippus the Athenian, gains a fa-
mous victory over the Persians near Mycale, ii.
80.
Le-o-tych'i-des, son of Timea, wife of Agis, passes
for the son of Alcibiades, and for that reason is
excluded the throne, ii. 190, 272.

Lep'ti-nus, brother of Dionysius, is put to flight by
the Carthaginians with the fleet under his com-
mand, ii. 380; he is banished, 388; soon after
recalled, and marries the daughter of Dionysius,
ibid.; he kills Calippus, Dion's murderer, 410;
he surrenders himself to Timoleon, who sends
him to Corinth, 419.

Lep'ti-nus, Syrian, kills Octavius the Roman am-
bassador, iv. 230; Demetrius delivers him up to
the senate, 232.

Lep'ti-nus, Syracusan, Hiero's father-in-law, iv.
310.

Les'bos, island of Crete, i. 409; revolt of that island
against the Athenians, ii. 156; the Athenians re-
duce it to its former obedience, 159.
Let'ters invention of letters brought into Greece
by Cadmus, i. 134.

Leu'con, king in the Bosphorus; mutual generosity
between that prince and the Athenians, iii. 27.
Leuc'tra, small town of Boeotia, famous for the vic-
tory of the Thebans over the Lacedæmonians, ii.
435.

Leu-tych'i-des is elected king of Sparta in the room
of Demaratus, ii. 37.

Le-vi'nus, Roman consul, defeated by Pyrrhus, iii.
331.

Le-vi'nus, (M. Valerius) is sent into Greece and
Macedonia, in quality of prætor, to oppose the
nterprises of Philip, iii. 432; enemies he excites
against that prince, ibid., &c.
Ibra-ry: famous libraries of antiquity; at Alex-
andria, i., 110, iii. 309, 310; at Athens, i. 439; at
Pergamus, iv. 203.

Lib'y-a, part of Africa, iv. 266; war of Libya, or
of the mercenaries, 197.

Ji-cin'i-us, consul, is sent into Macedonia against
Perseus, iv. 153, 157; he encamps near the river
Peneus, 159; is defeated in a battle, 169, &c.;
and afterwards gains some advantages over Per-
seus, 164.

Li-cin'i-us, (C.) the consul's brother, commands the
Italian cavalry in his brother's army, iv. 160.
Light house of Ålexandria, i. 109.

Lig'o-ras, one of the generals of Antiochus the
Great, makes that prince master of the city of
Sardis, iii. 409.

Li-gu'ri-a, province of Italy, iv. 205; its inhabit-
ants subjected to the Marseillians by the Ro-
mans, ibid.

Li-ly be'um, city of Sicily, besieged by the Ro-
mans, i. 194.

Lines of circumvallation and contravallation used
among the ancients, ii. 155.

Li'orress, Lana, or Leona, name of a courtezan:

LY

statue erected in honour of her by the Athen-
ians, i. 441.

Lis'sus, city of Illyria: siege and taking of that city
by Philip, iii. 432.

Liv'i-us, consul, is sent into Cisalpine Gaul to op-
pose the entrance of Asdrubal into Italy, i. 229;
he defeats that general in a great battle, 230.
Loans: law concerning them among the Egyp-
tians, i. 113; in what manner such as lived upon
borrowing were considered among the Persians,
i. 375.

Lo'tus, an Egyptian plant of which they made
bread, i. 125, 126.

Love; care of the ancients to avoid admitting any
thing into their dramatic poems relating to love,
i. 66; conjugal love, model of it, iii. 380.
Lu-cre'ti-us, prætor, commands the Roman fleet
sent against Perseus, iii. 157; he besieges Hali-
artus, a city of Baotia, and takes and demolishes
it entirely, iv. 164.

Lu-cul'lus commands the Roman fleet sent against
Mithridates, and gains two great victories over
that prince, iv. 351; he is elected consul, and
charged with the war against Mithridates, 357;
he obliges that prince to raise the siege of Cy-
zicum, 358; and defeats his troops, 358, 359;
he gains a complete victory over him, 359; and
obliges him to take refuge with Tigranes king of
Armenia, 361; he sends an ambassador to de-
mand Mithridates, ibid.; he regulates the affairs
'of Asia, ibid., &c.; he declares war against Ti-
granes, 362; he besieges Tigranocerta, 364; he
gains a great victory over Tigranes, 366; and
takes Tigranocerta, ibid.; he gains a second vic-
tory over the joint forces of Mithridates and Ti-
granes, 369; his army refuses to obey him, ibid.;
Pompey is sent to command in his stead, 371;
Lucullus returns to Rome, and receives the ho-
nour of a triumph, 373; his character, 371; means
which he used for acquiring the knowledge of the
art of war, 351.

Lu-si-ta'ni-a, part of the ancient Spain, i. 167.
Lu-ta'ti-us, consul, defeats the fleet of the Cartha-
ginians, and puts an end by that victory to the
Punic war, i. 196.

Lux'u-ry: fatal effects of luxury among the an-
cients, ii. 400, &c.; almost always attended with
the ruin of states, 401.

Ly'ci-a, province of Asia Minor, i. 28; it is declared
free by the Romans, iv. 197.

Ly'ci-das, Athenian, is for having the proposal of
Mardonius heard, ii. 73; he is stoned, ibid.
Ly-cis'cus, deputy from the Acarnanians, endea-
vours to engage the Lacedæmonians in Philip's
party, iii. 433

Ly-cis'cus, Ætolian, is accused of having treated
those with great cruelty, who would not espouse
the Romans against Perseus, iv. 198; P. Æmili-
us acquits him, ibid.

Ly'con, Athenian commander of the Grecian troops
in the army of Pisuthnes, is brought into the
views of Tissaphernes, whom he joins, ii. 168,

&c.

Ly-cor'tas, Polybius' father, is sent ambassador by
the Achæans to Ptolemy Epiphanes, iv. 87; he is
elected general of the Achæans, and avenges
Philopomen's death, 97; he is deputed a second
time to Ptolemy, 103.

Ly-cur'gus, son of Eunomus, king of Sparta, go-
verns the kingdom as guardian to Charilaus his
nephew, i. 417; endeavours to reform the go-
vernment of Sparta, and makes several voyages
with that view, ibid.; on his return he changes
the form of the government, 418; he goes to Del-
phos to consult the oracle, and dies voluntarily
by abstaining from food, 423; reflections upon
Lycurgus' death, 424.

Ly-cur'gua, Spartan, corrupts the ephori, and causes
himself to be elected king of Sparta, iii. 415.

MA

to march directly to Rome, after the battle of
Canni, i. 223.

Ma-hom'et: vulgar report concerning his tomb, iii.

355.

Mal'li, people of India, their war with Alexander,
ii. 192; they subinit to that prince, 193.
Ma-mer'tines, people originally of Italy, seize Mes-
senia, i. 186; defeated by Pyrrhus, iii. 337; a
division among them occasions the first Punic
war, i. 186, iv. 311.

Ma-nas'sch, king of Judah, is put in chains by the
generals of Esarhaddon, and carried captive to
Babylon, i. 286; obtains his liberty and returns to
Jerusalem, ibid.

Man-ci'nus (L.) the consul, Piso's lieutenant, en-
gages rashly in a post, from whence Scipio hap-
pily extricates him, i. 254.

Man'da-na, daughter of Astyages king of the Medes,
is given in marriage to Cambyses king of Per-
sia, i. 308; she goes to Media, and carries her
son Cyrus with her, 309; she returns into Persia,
311.

Man'da-nis, an Indian philosopher, refuses to ac-
company Alexander, iii. 189.

Man-droc'li-des, young Spartan, supports the party
of Lysander the ephorus, through zeal for the
public good, iii. 377.

Ma-ne'thon, Egyptian priest, author of the history
of the Dynasties of Egypt, i. 128.
Ma'ni-a, wife of Zenis, governs Eolia, after the
death of her husband, with admirable conduct,
ii. 270; she is assassinated, with her son, by Mi-
dias her son-in-law, 271.

Ma-nil'i-us (M.) consul, is sent against Carthage
in the beginning of the third Punic war, i. 249.
Ma-nil'i-us, tribune of the people, prepares a de-
cree for appointing Pompey to command the ar-
mies against the kings Mithridates and Tigranes,
iv. 394, 395.

Ma'ni-us (Curius,) consul, defeats Pyrrhus, and
obliges him to quit Italy, iii. 329.
Ma'ni-us (Aquilius,) consul, ends the war with
Aristonicus, iv. 246; and enters Rome in tri-
umph, ibid.'

Man'li-us (L.) is appointed consul with Regulus,
i. 188; they jointly gain a great victory over the
Carthaginians near Ecnome in Sicily, ibid.; they
go to Africa, ibid.; Manlius is recalled, ibid.
Man-ti-næ'a, city of Arcadia, famous for the vic-
tory of Epaminondas over the Lacedæmonians,
and for that of Philopomen over Machanidas
tyrant of Sparta, iii. 447.

Mar-a-can'da, capital of Sogdiana, submits to Al-
exander, iii. 163.

Mar'a-thon, small city of Attica, famous for the
victory of the Athenians over the Persians, ii.

238.

Mar-cel'lus (M.) consul, is sent into Sicily to ap-
pease the troubles there, iv. 324; actions of Mar-
cellus in Sicily, 325; he forms the siege of Syra-
ruse, 326; the considerable loss of men and ships
by the dreadful machines of Archimedes, obliges
him to turn the siege into a blockade, 328; he
undertakes several expeditions in Sicily. 329;
he makes himself master of Syracuse by means
of his intelligence in it, 330; he abandons the
city to be plundered, 333; honours which he pays
to the memory of Archimedes, ibid.; Marcellus,
at first as prætor, and afterwards as consul,
gains several advantages over Hannibal, i. 227.
Mar ci-us (L.) Roman knight, preserves Spain by
his valour, i. 228.
Mar'ci-us, ambassador of the Romans in Greece,
has an interview with Perseus near the river
Peneus, iv. 154; he returns to Rome. 155; he is
sent again into Greece, to regulate affairs there,
156.

Mar'ci-us (Philippus Q.) consul, charged with the
war against Persens, iv. 166; advances toward

ME

Macedonia, ibid.; which he penetrates into, and
takes several cities there, 168, &c.
Mar-do'ni-us, son-in-law of Darius, enters Mace-
donia, ii. 33; his ill success obliges Darius to
recall him, ibid.; persuades Xerxes to invade
Greece, 47; Xerxes chooses him: one of his gene-
rals, 55; and leaves him with a numerous army
to reduce Greece, 69; makes advantageous offers
to the Athenians, 72; enters Athens and burns
it, ibid.; defeated and killed at Platææ, 76.
Mare of Phidolas, i. 57.

Ma-ro-næ'a, city of Thrace; cruel treatment of its
inhabitants by Philip, iv. 93.

Mar'ri-ages, laws concerning them instituted at
Athens and Sparta, i. 435.
Ma-ri-am'ne, marries Herod the Idumæan, iv. 280.
Ma'ri-us, lieutenant under Metellus, supplants that
general, and causes himself to be appointed gene-
ral, for terminating the war with Jugurtha, i.
269, whom he gets into his hands, and makes an
ornament at his triumph, ibid.

Ma'ri-us (M.) sent to the aid of Mithridates, iv. 356;
taken by Lucullus, and put to death, 358
Mar'seil-li-ans: their embassy to Rome, iv. 205;
their origin, ibid.; they settle in Gaul, ibid.; wis-
dom of their government, 206, 207; attachment
to the Romans, 208; obtain grace for Phocæa,
which had been condemned to be destroyed, 246.
Mas-i-nis'sa, king of Numidia, espouses the party
of the Romans against the Carthaginians, i. 231,
247; aids the Romans against Perseus, iv. 153;
marries Sophonisba, and poisons her, i. 245; con-
tests between him and the Carthaginians, whom
he defeats in battle, ibid.; at his death appoints
Scipio Emilianus guardian of his children, 325.
Ma-sis'tus, son of Darius and Atossa, is one of the
six commanders of the army of Xerxes, ii. 56;
tragical death of him and his children, 82.
Mas'si-va, Numidian prince, is murdered in the
midst of Rome by Jugurtha's orders, i. 267.
Mas-tan'a-bal, Masinissa's son, shares the kingdom
of Numidia with his two brothers, i. 264.
Mat-ta-ni'ah is placed upon the throne of Judah,
in the room of his nephew Jechoniah, i. 289.
Mat-ta-thi'as, Jew, refuses to obey Antiochus, iv.
132; retires with his family to avoid the persecu-
tion, ibid.; his death, 135.

Ma'tho, in concert with Spendius, causes the mer-
cenaries to revolt against the Carthaginians,
199; he is placed at their head, ibid,; takes Han-
nibal prisoner, and causes him to be hanged up
in the room of Spendius, 201; taken by the Car-
thaginians and executed, 202.

Mau'so-lus, king of Caria, enters into a conspiracy
against Artaxerxes, ii. 461; he subjects the Rho-
dians, and the people of Cos, iii. 13; his death;
honour paid to his memory by his wife, ibid.
Ma-za'us, governor of Memphis for Darius, aban
dons that city to Alexander, iii. 129; commands
the horse for Darius at the battle of Arbela, 138;
surrenders himself and the city of Babylon to
Alexander, 140; who gives him the government
of Babylonia, 141.

Maz'rus, Macedonian lord, is appointed governor
of the citadel of Susa by Alexander, iii. 143.
Meals: public ones instituted at Crete and Sparta,
i. 419, ii. 337.

Me-de'a, her means to escape the pursuit of her
father, iv. 359, &c.

Medes, ancient people of Asia, inhabiting Media,
i. 292; history of the kingdom of the Medes, 293,
294; empires of the Medes and Persians united,
i. 350; revolt of the Medes against Darius No-
thus, ii. 170; that prince obliges them to return
to their duty, ibid.; manners of the Medes, i.
309; manner in which they contracted alliances,
297.

Me'di-a, kingdom of Upper or Greater Asia, i. 27;
description of that kingdom by Polybius, iii. 451.

470

ME

Medicine ongi and anuquity of medicine, i. 390
Me'don, son of Codrus, is placed at the head of
the common people of Athens, under the title of
archion, i. 413.

Me-ga-ba'tes, noble Persian, occasions the miscar-
rying of the enterprise of the Persians against
Naxos, through jealousy of Aristagoras, ii. 29.
Me-ga-by'zus, governor of Thrace for Darius, oc-
casions the permission that prince had given
Hystan to build a city in Thrace to be revoked,
ii. 26; be sends deputies to demand earth and
water of Amyntas, 27; insolence of those depu-
ties at the court of Amyntas, and revenge taken
of them by the sons of that prince, ibid.
Me-ga-by'zus, son of Zopyrus, is one of the six ge-
nerals in the army of Xerxes, ii. 56; discovers
the plot formed by Artabanes against Artaxerxes,
294; charged with the war against the Egyptians,
106; whom he subjects, and promises to spare
their lives, 107; in despair on secing the Egyp
tians put to death, coutrary to the faith of treaty,
revolts against Artaxerxes, ibid.; defeats two ar-
mies sent against him, ibid.; restored to favour,
and returns to court, 108; Artaxerxes's jealousy
of Megabyzus at a hunting-match, ibid.; death
of Megabyzus, ibid

Meg'a-cles, son of Alcmeon, puts himself at the
head of one of the factions that divided Athens
in Solon's time, i. 437; his marriage with Ago-
rista, daughter of Clisthenes, ibid.; drives Pisis-
tratus out of Athens, and soon after recalls him,
438; he is obliged to quit Athens, ibid.
Meg-a'cles, friend of Pyrrhus, iii. 329; that prince
in a battle gives his mantle and arms to Mega-
cles, and disguises himself in his, 330, Megacles
is wounded and unhorsed in the battle, ibid.
Me-ga-da'tes is appointed viceroy of Syria by Ti-
granes, and governs that kingdom fourteen years,
iv. 262; Tigranes calls him from thence, 369.
Me-ga-le'as, Philip's general, devotes himself to
Apelles, that prince's minister, iii. 419, 424; he
insults Aratus, in concert with Leontius, at the
breaking up of a feast, 423; Philip imprisons
him, and then sets him at liberty, ibid.; his bad
designs against Philip are discovered, 424; he
kills himself to avoid a trial, and the execution
of sentence against him, 426.

Me-ga-lop'o-lis, city of Arcadia, iii. 373; Aratus
makes it enter into the Achæan league, ibid.
Me-ga'ra, city of Achaia, i. 415, joins the Achæan
league, iii. 371.

Me-ga'ra, name of one of the quarters of the city
of Carthage, i. 254.
Me-gis'to-nes, Lacedæmonian captain, is sent to the
aid of Argos, where he is killed, iii. 389.
Me-li'tus, Athenian orator, accuses Socrates, ii.
314; success of that accusation, he is condemned
to die, 319.

Me'lon, Theban, is appointed Bootarch with Pelo-
pidas and Charon, ii. 430.
Mem'non, Rhodian, reinstated in the favour of O-
chus, against whom he had taken arms, iii. 19;
advises Darius' generals from fighting the battle
of the Granicus, 89; defends Miletus, and Hali-
carnassus against Alexander, 92; he transports
the inhabitants of that city to the island of Cos,
93; he advises Darius to carry the war into Ma-
cedonia, 94; that prince gives the execution of
that enterprise to him, and makes him generalis-
simo, ibid.; Memnon besieges Mytelene, and dies
before that place, 95.

Mem'non. Memnon's statue in Thebais: wonders
related of it, i. 98.

Mem'phis, city of Egypt; its foundation, i. 130;
taken by Cambyses, 361, and afterwards by Al-
exander, iii. 129.

Mem'phi-tis, son of Physcon and Cleopatra, is mur-
dered by his father, cut in pieces, and sent to his
mother, iv. 250.

ME

Me-nan'der, Athenian, colleague to Nicias in Sci-
ly, ii. 199, whom he forces to engage in a seafight,
in which he is worsted, 200, &c.; partly the care
of the Athenian's defeat near Egospotamos, 22
Me-nan'der, comic poet; change which he inte
duced into comedy, i. 71.

Me-uan'der, one of Alexander's captains; provi
ces that fell to him after that prince's death, ii.
229.

Men'des, city of Egypt, ii. 260; a prince of that
city disputes the crown with Nectanebis, ibid.;
but is defeated by Agesilaus, ibid.
Me-nec'ra-tes, ridiculous vanity of that physician,
iii. 72.

Me-ne-la'us, Ptolemy's brother, is defeated by De-
metrius, and obliged to retire into Salamin, i
280, to whom he surrenders at discretion, and is
released without ransom, 281.
Me-ne-la'us supplants his brother Jason, high-priest
of the Jews, iv. 123; Jason drives him out of Je
rusalem, 125; reinstated by Antiochus, 126.
Me'nes, or Misrain, first king of Egypt, i. 129.
Me'non commands the Thessalian troops of Cyrus'
army in the expedition against his brother Ar-
taxerxes, ii. 248; seized with other Greek gene-
rals by treachery, and put to death, 259; his cha-
racter, 260.

Me-nos'ta-nes, nephew of Artaxerxes Longimanus,
defeated by Megabyzus, ii. 107.

Men'tor, Rhodian, is sent by Nectanebis into Pho-
nicia to support the rebels there, iii. 15; con-
founded on the approach of Ochus, 17; he puts
the city of Sidon into that prince's hands, ibid.;
Ochus gives him the command of a detachment
of his army against Egypt, 18; Mentor's actions
in Egypt, 19; Ochus makes him governor of all
the coast of Asia, and declares him generalissimo
of all the troops on that side, ibid.; Mentor's con-
duct in his government, ibid.

Me-nyl'lus commands the Macedonian garrison in
Munychia, iii. 236; deprived of it by Cassander,

249.

Mer-ce-na'ries; their war with the Carthaginians,
i. 197.

Mer'ci-us, Spaniard, delivers up one of the gates of
Syracuse to Marcellus in the night, iv. 333.
Mer'cu-ry, to whom Egypt was indebted for most
of their arts, i. 131, 132.

Merm'na-des, race of kings of Lydia, i. 299.
Me-ro'dach-Bal'a-dan, king of Babylon, sent to con-
gratulate Hezekiah upon his recovery, i. 284.
Me'ro-e, daughter of Cyrus, and wife of her brother
Cambyses, i. 363; her tragical death, 364.
Me-sa-ba'tes, eunuch, cuts off the head and band
of Cyrus the Younger, ii. 253; punishment in
flicted on him by Parysatis, 269.

Mes-se'ni-a, part of Peloponnesus, i. 83.
Mes-se'ni-ans; first war with the Lacedæmonians
i. 83; whom they defeat near Ithoma, 84, they
submit to the Lacedæmonians, ibid.; second war
with the Lacedæmonians, 86; are at first victe-
rious, ibid.; then defeated, 87; and entirely re-
duced to the condition of the Helots, 8; rein-
stated by the Thebans, ii. 439; troubles between
the Messenians and Achæans, iv. 96; the Messe-
nians put Philopomen to death, 97; subjected by
the Achæans, ibid.; fault of the Messenians,
which occasioned all their misfortunes, ii. 440.
Mes-si'na, or Mes-sa'na, city of Sicily, i. 186, i. L
Me-tel'lus (L.) consul, commands against Jugurtha,
1. 267; supplanted by Marius, 268; enters Rome
in triumph, ibid.

Me-tel'lus, (Q. Cæcilius) Roman prætor, defeat
Andriscus, iv. 210, and sends him to Rome, ibid.;
routs another adventurer, named Alexander, ibid.
Me-tho'ne, city of Thrace, destroyed by Philip,
40.

Me'thon, astronomer, counterfeits the madir,

ii. 181.

MI

Met-ro-do'rus, of Scepsis, ambassador to Tigranes,
iv. 363; Mithridates puts him to death, 364.
Met-ro-do'rus, Athenian painter and philosopher,
given to Æmilius as a tutor to his sons, iv. 189.
Mi-cip'sa succeeds his father Masinissa in the king-
dom of Numidia, i. 264; adopts Jugurtha his ne-
phew, and makes him co-heir with the rest of
his children, 265; his death, ibid.
Mic'y-thus, guardian of the children of Anaxilaus;
prudence of his administration, ii. 137.
Mid'i-as, son-in-law of Mania, assassinates his mo-
ther-in-law and her son, in order to possess him-
self of her riches and government, ii. 271; he is
deprived of them by Dercyllidas, ibid.
Mi-le'tus, city of Ionia, ii. 32: cruelties committed
there by Lysander, ii. 145; besieged his taken
by Alexander, iii. 92.

Mi'lo, champion of Crotona, defeats the Sybarites,
ii. 140; the extraordinary strength and voracity,
of that combatant, 143; and death, 144.
Mil-tho'cy-tes, Thracian, after the battle of Cunaxa,
surrenders himself to Artaxerxes, ii. 256.
Mil-ti'a-des, Athenian tyrant of the Thracian Cher-
sonesus, accompanies Darius in his expedition
against the Scythians, and is of opinion that satis-
faction ought to be made them, ii. 25; an irrup-
tion of the Scythians into Thrace obliges him to
abandon the Chersonesus, whither he returns
soon after, 27; he settles at Athens, 34; he com-
mands the army of the Athenians, and gains a
famous victory at Marathon over the Persians,
40; moderate reward given him by the Athen-
ians, 42; he sets out with a fleet to reduce the re-
volted islands, and is unsuccessful in the isle of
Pharos, ibid.; he is cited to take his trial, and has
a great fine laid upon him, ibid.; not being able
to pay it, he is put in prison, and dies there, ibid.
Min'da-rus, Spartan admiral, is defeated and killed
in a battle by Alcibiades, ii. 219.

Mi-ner'va, goddess, i. 30; feast at Athens in honour
of her, ibid.

Mines; product of mines was the principal riches
of the ancients, i. 157.

Min'is-ter; wise lessons for one, i. 438, ii. 250, 377.
Mi'nos, first king of Crete, ii. 336; laws instituted
by him in his kingdom, 337; hatred of the Athe-
nians for Minos, 340; cause of that hatred, ibid.
Mi-nu'ci-us (M.) is appointed master of horse to
Fabius, i. 219; he gains a slight advantage over
the Carthaginians in that dictator's absence,
which procures him equal authority with the
dictator, 221; engages with disadvantages, out of
which Fabius extricates him, ibid.; he acknow-
ledges his fault, and returns to his obedience,
ibid.; he is killed at the battle of Cannæ, 223.
Mis'a-el, one of the three young Hebrews preserved
miraculously in the furnace, i. 289.
Mi'thras, name given the sun by the Persians, ii. 240.
Mith-ri-da'tes I. king of Pontus, i. 93; that prince
submits to Alexander, and accompanies him in
his expeditions, iii. 93.

Mith-ri-da'tes II. king of Pontus, escapes to avoid
the rage of Antigonus, i. 93.
Mith-ri-da'tes III. king of Pontus, adds Cappadocia
and Paphlagonia to his dominions, i. 93.
Mith-ri-da'tes IV. king of Pontus, i. 93.
Mith-ri-da'tes V. surnamed Evergetes, king of Pon-
tus, aids the Romans against the Carthaginians,
i. 93; the Romans reward him with Phrygia Ma-
jor, iv. 246; his death, 252.

Mith-ri-da'tes VI. surnamed Eupator, ascends the
throne of Pontus, i. 93, iv. 252, 341; the Romans
take Phrygia from him, ibid.; he possesses him-
self of Cappadocia and Bithynia, after having ex-
pelled their kings, 342; he gives his daughter in
marriage to Tigranes, king of Armenia, ibid.;
open rupture between Mithridates and the Ro-
mans 343; that prince gains some advantages
over the Romans, 341; he causes all the Romans,

ΜΟ

and Italians in Asia Minor to be massacred in one
day, ibid ;
be makes himself master of Athens
345; two of his generals are defeated by Sylla
349; and himself by Fimbria, 351; his fleet is also
twice beaten, ibid.; he has an interview with
Sylla, and concludes peace with the Romans, 353;
second war of the Romans with Mithridates under
Murena, 355; it continues only three years, ibid.;
he makes a treaty with Sertorius, 356; he prepares
to renew the war with the Romans, ibid.; he
seizes Paphlagonia and Bithynia, 357; the
Romans send Lucullus and Cotta against him,
ibid.; Mithridates defeats Cotta by sea and land,
ibid.; he forms the siege of Cyzicum, ibid.; Lu-
cullus obliges him to raise it, and defeats his
troops, 358; he takes the field to oppose the pro-
gress of Lucullus, 359; he is entirely defeated,
and obliged to fly, ibid.; he sends orders to his
sisters and wives to die, 360; he retires to Ti-
granes his son-in-law, 361; Tigranes sends him
back into Pontus to raise troops, 364; he endea-
vours to console Tigranes after his defeat, 366;
those two princes apply in concert to raising new
forces, 367; they are defeated by Lucullus, 369;
taking advantage of the misunderstanding in the
Roman army, he recovers all his dominions, 370;
he is defeated on several occasions by Pompey,
374; he endeavours in vain to find an asylum
with Tigranes his son-in-law, 375; he retires into
the Bosphorus, 377; he puts his son Xiphares to
death, 378; he makes proposals of peace to Pom-
pey, which are rejected, 379; he forms the design
of attacking the Romans in Italy, ibid.; Pharnaces
makes the army revolt against Mithridates, who
kills himself, 380; character of Mithridates, ibid.
Mith-ri-da'tes I. king of the Parthians, defeats De-
metrius, and takes him prisoner, iv. 240; he
carries that prince into his kingdom, and gives
him his daughter Rhodoguna in marriage, 240.
Mith-ri-da'tes II. surnamed the Great, ascends the
throne of Parthia, iv. 250; he re-establishes An-
tiochus Eusebes, 261; he sends an ambassador
to Sylla to make an alliance with the Romans,
283; his death, ibid.

Mith-ri-da'tes III. king of Parthia, iv. 284; Orodes
his brother dethrones and puts him to death, ibid.
Mith-ri-da'tes, Persian lord, boasts of having given
Cyrus the Younger his mortal wound, ii. 253;
Parysatis causes him to be put to death, 268.
Mith-ri-da'tes, eunuch and great chamberlain of
Xerxes, makes himself an accomplice in the mur-
der of that prince, ii. 94; he is put to death by
the punishment of the troughs, 97.
Mith-ri-da'tes of Pergamus brings troops to Cæsar
in Egypt, iv. 392.
Mith-ro-bar-za'nes, favourite of Tigranes, is sent
against Lucullus, iv. 364; himself and his troops
are cut to pieces, ibid.
Mit-y-lene, capital of the isle of Lesbos, i. 409;
that city is taken by the Athenians, ii. 159.
Mna-sip'pus is sent with a fleet by the Lacedæmo-
nians to retake Corcyra from the Athenians, il,
432; he is killed in a battle, ibid.
Mnas-ki'res; king of the Parthians, iv. 284.
Mne'vis, name of the ox adored in Egypt, i. 109.
Mod'es-ty: traces of it among the ancients, i. 299;
it was absolutely neglected at Sparta, i. 429.
Mo'ris, king of Egypt, i. 130; famous lake made
by him, 102.

Moloch, name given Saturn in Scripture, i. 151.
Mo'lo is made governor of Media by Antiochus the
Great, iii. 400; he makes himself sovereign in
his province, ibid.; but being defeated, he kills
bimself in despair, 403.

Mon'ar-chy; original design of monarchy, i. 994;
the best form of government, i. 368.
Mon'i-ma of Ionia; Mithridates carries her with
him in his train, iv. 344; she marries that prince,
360; tragical death of that princess, ibid.