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Printed for W. STRAHAN, J. F. and C. RIVINGTON, L. DAVIS, W. OWEN, S. BAKER
and G. LEIGH, T. PAYNE and Son, T. CASLON, S. CROWDER, T. LONGman, B. Law,
C. RIVINGTON, E. and C. DILLY, J. WILKIE, T. CADELL, N. CONANT, T. BEECROFT,
T. LOWNDES, G. ROBINSON, Jos. JOHNSON, J. ROBSON, J. KNOX, T. BECKET, and
T. EVANS.

MDCCLXXVII

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2° 21 V 2690

Cofsy 2

v. 1

iii

PREFACE BY THE EDITOR

THE perfon chiefly concerned in improving this Edition of Mr. Locke's Works, having long entertained an high efteem for that author's writings, and being informed that a new edition of them was preparing, became naturally defirous of feeing one more complete than any of the foregoing; and of contributing his affiftance towards it (fo far as the short time allowed for that purpose would give leave) by not only collating former Editions, and correcting thofe numerous errors which had crept into most of them; but alfo by inferting, or giving fome defcription of fuch other pieces as are known to have come from the fame hand, tho' not appearing in any catalogue or

collection of his works.

THE farther liberty has been taken to subjoin a few things by other hands, which feem'd neceffary to a right ufe of Mr. Locke's discoveries, and a more ready application of the principles whereon they are founded, v. g.

1. To the Efay on Human Understanding is prefixed a correct Analyfis, which has been of confiderable service by reducing that Effay into fome better method, which the Author himself fhews us, (Preface and elsewhere) that he was very fenfible it wanted, tho' he contented himself with leaving it in its original form, for reafons grounded on the prejudices then prevailing against fo novel a fyftem; but which hardly now fubfist.

This map of the intellectual world, which exhibits the whole doctrine of ideas in one view, muft to an attentive reader appear more commodious than any of thofe dry compends generally made ufe of by young ftudents, were they more perfect than even the best of them are found to be.

2. THERE is alfo annexed to the fame Effay a fmall Tract in defence of Mr. Locke's opinion concerning Perfonal Identity; a point of fome confequence, but which many ingenious perfons, probably from not observing what paffed between him and Molineux on the fubje&, [Letters in September and December, 1693, and January, February, May, 1694,] have greatly mifunderstood.

Ir may perhaps be expected that we should introduce this Edition of Mr. Locke's Works with a particular hiftory of the Author's circumstances and connections; but as feveral narratives of this kind have been already publifhed by different writers, viz. A. Wood, [Ath. Ox. Vol. 2d.]; P. Cofte, [character of Mr. Locke here annexed]; Le Clerc, [first printed in English before the Letters on Toleration, 1689, but more complete in the Edition of 1713, from whence the chief part of the fubfequent Lives is extracted]; Locke's Article in the Supplement to Collier Addend.; and by the compilers of the General Dictionary, Biographia Britannica, Memoirs of his Life and Character, 1742, &c. &c. and fince most of that fame account which has been prefixed to fome late Editions, by way of Life, is likewife here annexed; there feems to be little occafion for tranfcribing any more of VOL. I. fuch

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fuch common occurrences, as are neither interefting enough in themselves, nor fufficiently characteristic of the Author. We have therefore chofen to confine the following obfervations to a critical furvey of Mr. Locke's Writings, after giving fome account of his literary correfpondence, and of fuch anonymous Tracts as are not commonly known to be his, but yet diftinguishable from others that have been imputed to him. Befides thofe pofthumous pieces which have been already collected by Des Maizeaux, and joined with fome others in the late Editions, there is extant,

1. His Introductory Difcourfe to Churchill's Collection of Voyages, [in 4 vols. Fol.] containing the whole Hiftory of Navigation from its Original to that Time, (A.D. 1704) with a Catalogue and Character of most Books of Travels.

Thefe Voyages are commonly faid to have been published under his direction. They were prefented by him to the univerfity of Oxford [v. Collier's Dict.]. That he was well verfed in fuch Authors is pretty plain, from the good use he has made of them in his Effays; and the Introductory Difcourfe is by no means unworthy of him, tho' deemed too large to be admitted into this publication whether it may be added, fome time hence, in a fupplemental volume, along with fome of his other Tracts hereafter mentioned, must be fubmitted to the Public, and those who are ftiled Proprietors.doids

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doidw to fhR For the fame reason we are obliged to fupprefs another piece ufually afcribed to him, and entitled, The Hiftory of our Saviour Jefus Chrift, related in the Words of Scripture, containing, in Order of Time, all the Events and Difcourfes recorded in the four Evangelifts, &c. 8vo. printed for A. and J. Churchill, 1703, concerning which a learned friend, who has carefully. examined it, gives the following account: I am inclined to think that, this work is the genuine production of Mr. Locke. It is compiled with accuracy and judgment, and is in every refpect worthy of that mafterly writer. I have compared it with Mr. Locke's Treatife on the Reasonableness of Chriftianity, and find a ftriking resemblance between them in fome of their expreffions, in their quotations from Scripture, and in the arrangement of our Saviour's difcourfes.' Under each of thefe heads this ingenious writer has produced remarkable inftances of fuch refemblance, but too particular and minute reads the Treatife on the Reasonableness of Chriftianity with the leaft attention, will perceive that Mr. Locke has every where obferved an exact chronological order in the arrangement of his texts, which arrangement perfectly correfponds with that of the History. It would have been very difficult to throw a multitude of citations from the four Evangelifts into fuch a chronological feries. without the affiftance of fome Harmony, but Mr. Locke was too cautious a reafoner to depend upon another man's hypothefis; I am therefore perfuaded that he compiled this Harmony, the Hiftory of Chrift, for his own immediate ufe, as the bafis of his Reasonableness of Christianity. And tho' the original plan of this History may have been taken from Garthwaite's Evangelical Harmony, 4to. 1633, as Dr. Doddridge fuppofes, yet the whole narrative and particular arrangement of facts is fo very different, that Mr. Locke's Hiftory in 1705 may properly be termed a new work.

to be here recited; on the laft he adds, that wttoo particular and

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3. Select

3. Select Moral Books of the Old Teftament and Apocrypha, paraphrafed, viz. Proverbs, Ecclefiaftes, Wisdom, and Ecclefiafticus, in one vol. 12mo. 1706. This ufeful work is given by tradition to Mr. Locke, and his name often written before it accordingly. It was printed for his old bookfellers A. and J. Churchill, and is thought by fome good judges to bear evident marks of authenticity of which I fhall only obferve farther, that by the method there taken of paraphrafing thefe writers in one clofe, continued difcourfe, where the fubftance is laid together and properly digefted, a much better connecappears to be preferved, and the Author's fenfe more clearly expreffed, than it can be in any feparate expofition of each verfe with all the repetitions usual in Eastern Writings, and all the difadvantages arifing from the very inaccurate divifion of their periods, as is hinted in the judicious Preface to that work. brotz 10

tion appears

94.A Letter to Mrs. Cockburn, not inferted before in any collection of Mr. Locke's pieces. It was fent with a prefent of books to that lady, on her being difcovered to have written a Defence of his Effay against fome Remarks made upon it by Dr. T. Burnet, author of the Theory of the Earth, &c. Dr. Burnet's Remarks appeared without his name in three parts, the first of which was animadverted on by Mr. Locke at the end of his Reply to Bp. Stilling fleet in 1697; the two others were left to the animadverfion of his friends. Mrs. Cockburn, to whom the Letter under confideration is addreffed, finished her Defence of the Eflay in December, 1701, when she was but twenty-two years old, and published it May, 1702, the Author being induftrioufly concealed: which occafioned Mr. Locke's elegant compliment of its being a generofity above the ftrain of that groveling age, and like that of fuperior fpirits, who affift without fhewing themfelves. In 1724 the fame Lady wrote a letter to Dr. Holdsworth on his injurious imputations caft upon Mr. Locke concerning the Refurrection of the fame Body, printed in 1726; and afterwards an elaborate Vindication of Mr. Locke's Chriftian Principles, and his Controverfy on that fubject, first published, together with an Account of her Works, by Dr. Birch, 171 and the forementioned Letter added here be1751,

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3. Of the fame kind of correfpondence is the curious Letter to Mr. Bold, in 1699, which is alfo inferted in the 4th volume, p. ib. as corrected from the original. Mr. Bold, in 1699, fet forth a piece, entitled, Some Confiderations on the principal Objections and Arguments which have been published against Mr. Locke's Elay; and added in a Collection of Tracts, publifhed 1706, three Defences of his Reasonableness of Chriftianity; with a large Difcourfe concerning the Refurrection of the fame Body, and two Letters on the neceflary Immateriality of created thinking Subftance.

Our Author's fentiments of Mr. Bold may be feen at large in the Letter itfelfo IV. p. ibid.

16. Mr. Locke's fine account of Dr. Pococke was first published in a Collection of his Letters, by Curl, 1714, (which Collection is not now to be met with) and fome Extracts made from it by Dr. Twells, in his Life of that learned author, [Theol. Works, Vol. I. p. 83.] The fame is given at full length

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