CHAPTER XIV

Defeat of Essex's Army in Cornwall. Gallant Diversion of Blake.

The Second Battle of Newbury. Cromwell's Complaint against

Manchester. The Presbyterians and the Independents.

Vane favours Toleration for all Religions. State of the War.

The Treaty of Uxbridge. Successes of Montrose. The Trial

and Execution of Laud. The Self-denying Ordinance. The

New Model Army. Fairfax Commander-in-Chief

PAGE

236

CHAPTER XV

The New Model Army takes the Field. Cromwell's Exploits.

The Battle of Naseby. The King's Cabinet of Letters. New

Elections. Farther Victories of Fairfax. The Glamorgan

Treaty. Overtures to Vane. Leslie defeats Montrose.

Charles surrenders to the Scots. The Marquess of Argyll.

261

CHAPTER XVI

Discord between the Presbyterians and the Independents. Growth

of Republican Ideas. Vane on a Change of Government.

Charles's Intrigues. Discontent in the Army. The King

removed by Joyce. Views of Fairfax, Ireton, and Cromwell.

The King escapes from Hampton Court. The New Civil War.

Risings in England. Mutiny in the Fleet. Hamilton's

Invasion of England. Cromwell's visit to Edinburgh. The

Treaty of the Isle of Wight. Great Debate between the

Monarchists and Republicans. Vane's Speech. The Vote.

Pride's Purge. The King's Trial

276

CHAPTER XVII

Vane disapproves of the Execution of Charles. The new Common-

wealth. Sensation throughout Europe. Milton and Salmasius.

The Foundation altered as well as the Superstructure. Abolition

of Episcopacy. Varieties of Religious Sects. Serious Tone

of the Nation

297

Cromwell's Campaign in Ireland. Affairs in Scotland. Charles

Stuart takes the Covenant. English Invasion of Scotland.

Leslie's Generalship. Battle of Dunbar. Battle of Worcester.

Vane's Visit to Paris. Góes as Commissioner to Scotland.

Negotiations for the Union

PAGE

308

CHAPTER XIX

Mutiny in the Fleet. The Exploits of Blake. Vane's Administra-

tion of the Navy. The War with Holland. Vane presses a

Bill for a new Election. Cromwell dissolves the Long Parlia-

ment. His Accusations against the Parliament

323

CHAPTER XX

The Republicans in Suspense. Further Sea Fights. Peace with

Holland. The Barebones Parliament. State of Parties.

Attempts to reform the Law. Cromwell's Second Parliament.

His Domestic Policy. His Foreign Policy. His Government

of Scotland and of Ireland

354

CHAPTER XXI

"A Retired Man's Meditations." The Healing Question. Vane

imprisoned and persecuted. Cromwell's Third Parliament.

His Anxieties and Nervous Troubles. His Death. Choice

of a Successor

CHAPTER XXII

Richard Cromwell Protector. His Parliament. Vane's Speeches.

On the Protector's Office. On Captives sent to Barbadoes.

Richard dissolves his Parliament. He

Restoration of the Long Parliament

Military Cabals.

resigns his Office.

373

392

CHAPTER XXIII

Government of the Long Parliament. Harrington's Oceana.

Changes in the Army. Booth's Insurrection. Lambert's

Ambition. The Parliament again expelled. A Split in the

Republican Party. Monk marches Southward. His Char-

acter. Royalist Reaction. The Convention Parliament.

The Restoration. Fate of the Regicides

CHAPTER XXIV

Vane's Theological Views and Writings

CHAPTER XXV

Trial and Execution of Argyll. Vane in Prison. Letter to his

Lady. His Trial and Defence. Can he be Honestly put out

of the Way?

CHAPTER XXVI

Sentence of Death. His Serenity of Mind. Wonderful Composure

PAGE

407

436

450

Remarks on his Life and

482

APPENDIX

EXTRACTS FROM VANE'S WRITINGS!

INDEX.

499

505

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

SIR HENRY VANE, THE YOUNGER

SIR HENRY Vane, the ELDER

LADY FRANCES VANE

FACSIMILES OF HANDWRITING

SIR H. VANE'S HOUSE AT HAMPSTEAD (Bishop Butler, the author of the Analogy, also lived in this house)