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he will have him: for he said, I am the Son of God." That the epithet God is frequently applied in the sacred Scriptures, otherwise than to the Supreme Being, as pointed out by Jesus, may be shewn by the following, out of many instances to be found in the Bible. Deut. ch. x. ver. 17: "For the Lord your God is GOD OF GODS, and Lord of Lords, &c." Ch. xxxii. ver. 21: "They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God." Exodus, ch. xxii. ver. 28: "Thou shalt not revile the Gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people." Joshua, ch. xxii ver. 22: "The Lord God of Gods knoweth" Psalm, lxxxii. ver. 1: "God standeth in the congregation of the mighty: he judgeth among the Gods." Ver. 6: "I have said, Ye are Gods; and all of you are childern of the Most High." Ps. cxxxvi. ver. 2: "O give thanks unto the God of Gods." Isaiah, ch. xli ver. 23: "Shew the things that are to come hereafter, that we may know that ye are Gods." Psalm xcvii. ver. 7: "Worship him, all ye Gods." Zeph. ch. ii. ver. 11: "He will famish all the Gods of the earth." Exodus, ch. iv. ver. 16: "God said to Moses, that he should be to Aaron instead of God." Ch. vii. ver. I: "See, I have made thee a God to Pharaoh." Also 1 Cor. ch. viii. ver. 5 : “ As there be Gods many and Lords many;" and the verse already quoted from John, ch. x. vers. 34, 35: "Jesus answered, Is it not written in your Law, Ye are Gods? If he called them Gods, to whom the word of God came, &c." In none of these instances is it in any degree admissible, that by the epithet God it is implied, that the human beings to whom it was attached were thereby declared to be a portion of the Godhead. Moses was to be as a God to Aaron and a God to Pharaoh by the express command of the Almighty; but no Christian will thence argue the equality of Moses with the Father of all things. On what principle then can any stress be laid in defence of the deity of the Son on the prophetic expression quoted in Hebrews from Psalm xlv. ver. 6, "Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever;" especially when we find in the very next verse, words that declare his subordinate nature; "Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows"? We cannot allow much weight to the phrase "for ever," as establishing literally the eternal nature of the power of the Son, this phrase being often found metaphorically applied in the Scriptures to other created beings: as Proverbs, ch. xxix. ver. 14: "The king that faithfully judgeth the poor, his throne shall be established for

ever." Deut. ch. iv. ver. 40: "And that thou mayest prolong thy days in the earth, which the Lord thy God giveth thee, for ever." Similar to this is the remarkable expression of Jesus to Mary after his resurrection, and therefore, at a time when no design can be conceived to have existed that could have been advanced by his any longer withholding the knowledge of his true nature, if any thing remained unrevealed during the pevious period of his mission on earth. John, ch. xx. ver. 17: "Go to my brethren, and say unto them, I ascend unto my Father and your Father and to my God and your God."

After a slight attention to the terms Lord and God being often applied to men in the sacred writings, can any weight be allowed to the exclamation of the astonished disciple, John, ch. xx. ver. 28: "My Lord and my God;" especially as the Apostle who relates the circumstance within a few verses concludes by saying, ver. 31. "These are within that ye might believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God;" but nowhere desires the readers of his Gospel to believe that Jesus is God? Does not common sense point out the inferiority and subordination of a being, though called God, to one who is at the same time declared to be his God, his father, his sanctifier, and his promoter to the state of exaltation.

The passages John, ch. i. ver. 1: "The Word was God, and the Word was with God," which contains the term God twice, may according to such use of the term be interpreted without involving inconsistence with itself, or the contradiction which it apparently implies with another most decisive passage in Deut. ch. xxxii. ver. 39, where Moses representeth God as declaring that with him there is no God: "See now that I, even I am he; and there is no God with me;" if it should be uuderstood to signify in both instances the Supreme Deity. Should we follow on the other hand the interpretation adopted by Trinitarian Christians, namely, that the Godhead, though it is one, yet consists of three persons, and consequently one substance of the Godhead might abide with the other, both being equally God; we should in that case be forced to view the Godhead in the same light as we consider mankind and other genera, for no doubt can exist of the unity of mankind :-the plurality of men consists in their persons; and therefore we may safely, under the same plea, support the unity of man, notwithstanding the plurality of persons included under the term mankind. In that case also Christians ought in conscience to refrain from accusing Hindoos of polytheism; for every Hindoo, we daily observe, confesses the unity of the Godhead. They only. advance a plausible excuse for their polythesim, wich is, that notwithstanding the unity of the Godhead, it consists of millions of substances assuming different offices correspondent to the number of the various transactions superintended in the universe by divine providence which they consider as infinitely more numerous than those of the Trinitarian scheme.

The Saviour in his appeal, "If I do not the works of my Father, believe me not," John, ch. x. ver. 37, meant of course the perfomance of works prescribed by the Father, and tending to his glory. A great number of passages in the Scriptures, a few of which I have already cited, and the constant practice of the Saviour, illustrate this fact beyond doubt. In raising Lazarus after he had died, Jesus prayed to the Father for the power of bringing him * to life again, and thanked him for his compliance. John, ch. xi. ver. 41: "And Jesus lifted up his eyes, and said, Father, I thank thee that thou hast heard me." Besides, in declaring that whosoever believed him would do not only the works he performed, but even works of greater importance, Jesus never can be supposed to have promised to such believers equality in power with God, or to have exalted them above himself. John, ch. xiv. ver. 12: "Verily, verily, I say unto you, He that believeth on me, the works that I do shall he do also: and greater works than these shall he do." Ch. vi. ver. 29: "Jesus answered and said unto them, This is the work of God, that ye believe on him whom he hath sent." It must be admitted that one, who can perform works of God independently of the Deity, is either greater than or equal in power to the Almighty. The wonderful works which Jesus was empowered to perform drew a great number of the Jews to a belief in Jesus as the promised Messiah, and confirmed his Apostles in their already acquired faith in the Saviour, and in the entire union of will and design that subsisted between him and the Father, as appears from the following passages; John, ch. vi. ver. 14: "Then those men, when they had seen the miracle that Jesus did, said, This is of a truth that Prophet that should come into the world." See also John, ch. x. ver. 21.

The Scriptures indeed in several places declare, that the Son was superior even to the angels in heaven, living from the beginning of the world to eternity, and that the Father created all things by him and for him. At the same time I must, in conformity to those very authorities, believe him as produced by the Supreme Deity among created Beings. John, ch. v. ver. 26: "For as the Father hath life in himself, so hath he given to the Son to have life in himself." Colossians, ch. i. ver. 15, "Who is the image of the invisible God, the first born of every creature."

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CHAPTER III.

1

Separate consideration of the seven positions of the Reviewer. In attempting to support his first position, that Jesus was possessed of ubiquity, the Reverend Editor has quoted two passages. The first is, St. John, ch. iii. ver 13: "No man hath ascended up to heaven, but he that came down from heaven, even the Son of man who is in heaven;" wherein Jesus, as the Editor conceives, declares his location both in heaven and on the earth at one time. The Editor rests entirely the force of his argument upon the term "is," in the phrase "who is in heaven," as signifying the presence of Jesus in heaven while he was conversing with Nicodemus on earth. This argument might perhaps carry some weight with it, were not the frequent use of the present tense in a preterite or future sense observed in the sacred writings, and were not a great number of other passages to determine that the term "is," in this instance, must be understood in the past sense. John, ch. viii. ver. 58: "Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am." Here the same verb, though found in the form of the present tense, must obviously be taken in a preterite sense. John, ch. xi. ver. 8: "His disciples say unto him, Master, the Jews of late sought to stone thee, &c." that is, His disciples said unto him. Ver. 38: "Jesus therefore again groaning in himself cometh to the grave," i. e. he came to the grave. Matthew, ch. xxvi. ver. 2: “Ye know that after two days is the feast of the passover, and the Son of man is betrayed to be crucified;" that is, the Son of man is to be betrayed and to be crucified. Vide the remainder of the chapter. John, ch. xiii. ver. 6: "Then cometh he to Simon Peter, &c." that is, he came to Simon Peter, &c. Again John, ch. xvi. ver. 32: "That ye shall be scattered, every man to his own, and shall leave me alone: yet I am not alone," i. e. yet I shall not be alone. So in all the prophecies contained in the Old, as well as in the New Testament, the future tense must frequently be understood where the terms used are those grammatically appropriated to the preterite: as Matthew, ch. ii. ver. 18: "In Rama was there a voice heard," that is, will there be a voice heard. Ver. 15: "Out of Egypt have I called my Son," i. e. I will

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