A POPULAR HISTORY

OF

THE UNITED STATES,

FROM THE

FIRST DISCOVERY OF THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE
BY THE NORTHMEN, TO THE END OF
THE CIVIL WAR.

PRECEDED BY A SKETCH OF THE PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD AND THE
AGE OF THE MOUND BUILDERS.

BY

WILLIAM CULLEN BRYANT

AND

SYDNEY HOWARD GAY.

VOLUME II.

FULLY ILLUSTRATED.

NEW YORK:

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS,

1889.

CONTENTS.

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CHAPTER I.

THE PEQUOT WAR.

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HOSTILITIES BEFORE THE WAR.-ENDICOTT'S EXPEDITION TO BLOCK ISLAND.

ITS SUCCESS. - INDIANS OF THE MAIN LAND ATTACKED. - RETALIATION ON

THE ENGLISH PLANTATIONS. A GENERAL WAR RESOLVED ON. - MASON'S

EXPEDITION.-REDUCTION OF THE PEQUOT FORT. RESULTS OF THE SUM-

MER'S WORK. - EXTINCTION OF THE PEQUOT TRIBE. - CHARACTER OF THE

INDIANS. RELIGIOUS BELIEF AND MORAL AND INTELLECTUAL QUALITIES. -

INFLUENCE OF THE PEQUOT WAR UPON THE GROWTH AND PROSPERITY OF

THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES.

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CHAPTER II.

SOUTHERN NEW ENGLAND.

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THE TOWNS OF THE CONNECTICUT RIVER. — PREPARATORY GOVERNMENT.

THE FIRST CONSTITUTION AND THE EARLIEST GOVERNORS. - CIVIL AND

SOCIAL CONDITION OF THE FIRST SETTLERS.. NECESSITY OF STRINGENT

RULE. - CHARACTER OF EARLY LEGISLATION. ANOTHER EMIGRATION FROM

BOSTON. NEW HAVEN AND ITS CHURCH OF SEVEN PILLARS. ESTABLISH-

MENT OF OTHER Towns AND CHURCHES. - DUTCH AND ENGLISH Boundaries.

- DIFFERENCE OF PURPOSE IN THE TWO CLASSES OF SETTLERS. - ENGLISH

DIPLOMACY AT HOME.-ENGLISH INTRUSION UPON LONG ISLAND. - CHAR-

ACTER OF THE PEOPLE OF CONNECTICUT. - SETTLEMENT OF RHODE ISLAND. -

ROGER WILLIAMS'S COLONY AND ITS GOVERNMENT. - HEATED CONTROVERSY IN

MASSACHUSETTS. - SEVERITY OF THE RULING PARTY. - TREATMENT OF THE

ANTINOMIANS. SETTLEMENT OF RHODE ISLAND AT ACQUIDNECK (PORTS-

MOUTH). CODDINGTON CHOSEN CHIEF JUDGE. DISCORDS IN THE NEW

COLONY. THE HUTCHINSONS AT ACQUIDNECK. HOSTILITY OF MASSACHU-

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SETTS TO ACQUIDNECK. CODDINGTON'S PROPOSED ALLIANCE OF THE COL-

ONIES. THE NEW ENGLAND CONFEDERACY.

IDENCES.

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CHAPTER III.

THE BOSTON PURITANS.

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ROGER WILLIAMS AND LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE. BOSTON PURITANISM. — ITS

BIGOTRY. THE BELIEF IN A SPECIAL DIVINE PROTECTION. SPECIAL PROV-

- PURITAN INTERPRETATION OF DISASTERS AND MISFORTUNES.

POPULAR APPREHENSION OF LIBERTY OF CONSCIENCE. - EARLY LAWS OF THE

PURITANS.- REGULATION OF DRESS AND CUSTOMS. PATERNAL CHARACTER

OF THE GOVErnment. — RELATIONS OF THE SEXES.-LAWS AGAINST Lying

AND BLASPHEMY. PUNISHMENTS. PURITAN SPIRIT AND ITS RESULTS IN

PRACTICE. - SAMUEL GORTON. HIS ACTION AT BOSTON AND AT PLYMOUTH,
AND HIS BANISHMENT. - GORTON AND HIS COMPANIONS AT ACQUIDNECK AND
PAWTUXET. THE ATTEMPT TO SEIZE WESTON'S CATTLE. INTERFERENCE
OF MASSACHUSETTS.- ARBITRARY COURSE OF THE BOSTON MAGISTRATES. ·
GORTON AT SHAWOMET. HIS LETTER.

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CHAPTER IV.

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THE SHAWOMET PEOPLE AND THEIR INDIAN FRIENDS.

PURCHASE OF LANDS AT SHAWOMET. - PROTEST OF TWO INDIAN CHIEFS, PUM-

HAM AND SACONONOCO.- SHAWOMET PEOPLE SUMMONED TO BOSTON. - COM-

MISSIONERS APPOINTED TO VISIT THEM. THREATS AND PREPARATIONS FOR

RESISTANCE. - FLIGHT OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN. THE MEN BESIEGED. -

NEGOTIATIONS FOR PEACE. A HOLLOW TRUCE. THE MEN TAKEN PRISON-

ERS AND CARRIED TO BOSTON. THEIR TRIAL AND PUNISHMENT. - Their

RELEASE AND RETURN TO RHODE ISLAND. - APPREHENDED TROUBLE WITH

THE INDIANS. CHARGES AGAINST ΜΙΑΝΤΟΝΟΜΟ. FEUD BETWEEN THE

MOHICANS AND NARRAGANSETTS.-UNCAS BEFRIENDED BY THE COMMISSION-

ERS OF THE UNITED COLONIES. - CAPTURE OF MIANTONOMO BY UNCAS.

HIS ASSASSINATION BY DIRECTION OF THE ENGLISH..

THE SHAWOMET CONTROVERSY TAKEN TO ENGLAND. DECIDED IN FAVOR OF

GORTON AND HIS ASSOCIATES. - CHARTER GRANTED TO PROVIDENCE PLANTA-

TIONS. CIVIL LIBERTY AND RELIGIOUS TOLERATION PROVIDED FOR. — - VISIT

OF CLARK, HOLMES, AND CRANDALL TO BOSTON. - PUNISHED FOR HOLDING

AND PREACHING HETERODOX OPINIONS. DISSENSIONS IN RHODE ISLAND.-

CODDINGTON APPOINTED GOVERNOR FOR LIFE. THE CHARTER GRANTED BY

CHARLES II.-ITS CHARACTER AND HISTORICAL INTEREST.

CHAPTER VI.

NEW NETHERLAND UNDER PETER STUYVESANT.

STUYVESANT'S ARRIVAL AT MANHATTAN.. HOPEFUL RECEPTION BY THE CITI-

ZENS. HE BEfriends Ex-Governor KiEFT. - ARREST AND TRIAL OF KUYTER

AND MELYN.-THEIR BANISHMENT AND DEPARTURE WITH KIEFT. - WRECK