APPENDIX

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NOTES AND ILLUSTRATIONS TO THE MEMOIRS.

NOTE A.-Page 229.

A PERSON of some note, who had been an officer under Oliver Cromwell, related to James Wilson the following anecdote.“After the battle of Dunbar, as I was riding in Scotland at the head of my troop, I observed, at some distance from the road, a crowd of people, and one higher than the rest; upon which I sent one of my men to see, and bring me word, what was the meaning of this gathering. And seeing him ride up and stay there, without returning according to my order, I sent a second, who staid in like manner; and then I determined to go myself. When I came thither, I found it was James Nayler preaching to the people; but with such power and reaching energy, as I had not till then been witness of. I could not help staying a little, although I was afraid to stay; for I was made a Quaker, being forced to tremble at the sight of myself. I was struck with more terror by the preaching of James Nayler, than I was at the battle of Dunbar, when we had nothing else to expect, but to fall a prey to the swords of our enemies, without being able to help ourselves. I clearly saw the cross to be submitted to; so I durst stay no longer, but got off, and carried condemnation for it in my own breast. The people there, in the clear and powerful opening of their states, cried out against themselves, imploring mercy, a thorough change, and the whole work of salvation to be effected in them."See J. Gough's Journal.

NOTE B.-Page 230.

Extract from Memoirs of the Life of Stephen Crisp, 1824, p. 53. "About the year 1659, I often felt the aboundings of the love of God in my heart; and a cry, to stand given up to his will;-which I thought I was, not knowing or foreseeing what the Lord was intending to do with me; but his eye saw further than mine. This love, and tenderness, and bowels of compassion wrought so in me, that it extended even to all men on the whole

face of the earth, so that I cried in spirit, Oh, that all men knew Thee and thy goodness! And, upon a time, as I was waiting upon the Lord, his word arose in me, and commanded me to forsake and part with my dear wife and children, father and mother, and to go and bear witness to his name in Scotland, to that high professing nation."-" Oh! how I would have pleaded my own inability, the care of my family, my service in that particular meeting, and many more things; and all, that I might have been excused from this one thing which was come upon me, that I thought not of, or looked not for. But after many reasonings, days and weeks by myself, I thought it best to speak of it to some of the faithful elders and ministers of the everlasting gospel; not knowing but they might discourage me, and something there was which hoped it, but contrarily, they encouraged me, and laid it upon me to be faithful. So then I gave up, and acquainted my dear wife therewith, which began me a new exercise, the enemy working in her strongly to stop me. But, in much patience was I kept, and in quietness; and went and visited Friends' meetings about Essex, and part of Suffolk, chiefly to see them, and to take my leave of them; and in some meetings the Lord would open my mouth in a few words to the refreshing of Friends; but I rather chose silence, when I might so. The winter drew nigh, and something would have deferred it till next summer; but the Lord showed me, it was not to be my time, but his time. Then, I would have gone by sea; but the Lord withstood me, and showed me, it must not be my way, but his way; and if I would be obedient, he would be with me and prosper my journey, otherwise his hand would strike me. So I gave up all; and pretty much with cheerfulness, at last, I obeyed; and about the end of the 7th month [old style] I went forth, and visited the churches of Christ.

"As I went along in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, I quickly perceived, that the Lord was with me, more than at other times; and my journey became joyful, and the more so, in that though I were but weak, poor, and low, yet God gave me acceptance among the elders of his people; and, in every place, my testimony was owned, and divers were convinced of the everlasting Truth: then I marvelled, and said, Lord! the glory alone belongs to thee, for thou hast wrought wonders for thy name's sake, and for thy holy seed's sake. I got into Scotland in the 9th month that year, and travelled to and fro that winter on foot with cheerfulness. Many straits and difficulties attended me, which I forbear to mention; it being the time of the motion of the English and Scottish armies, upon which succeeded the revolution of government, and the

bringing back of King Charles the 2nd into England. Well, about the 11th or 12th month I returned, and travelled into the west, to Westmoreland, part of Lancashire, and so up to the southward; and in about five or six months' time, was, by the good hand of God, brought home to my wife, and children, and relations; in all my journey having been sweetly accompanied with the presence of the Lord; and his power often filled my earthen vessel, and made my cup to overflow; praises for ever be to his name! saith my soul."

NOTE C.-Page 232.

In explanation of the use of the term "steeple-houses" in this paragraph, readers not connected with the Society of Friends, are referred to the following note which occurs in "Select Anecdotes," &c. illustrative of their sentiments and conduct, by the Author of the present volume.

"It seems scarcely needful to remark, that the word 'church' is in Holy Scripture never applied to an outward temple or building, but to a company of believers, whether generally or particularly. A Friend being interrogated by a bishop, Why he did not go to church? replied, 'I do go to church; and sometimes the church comes to me.' See 1 Cor. xvi. 19, Col. iv. 15, and Philem. 2. Thus the use of this term appears to have crept in among Christians, and with it a superstitious consecration of those places, as possessing some latent quality, not affecting other works of art or nature. To this, Stephen the martyr evidently alluded, when he said, 'Howbeit, the Most High dwelleth not in temples made with hands,' &c. Acts, vii. 48. The term steeple-house' not unfrequently occurs in the early writings and records of Friends. It may sound harsh to most ears, if it does not seem to savour of the scurrility and intolerance of that zealous age: yet the reader may be assured, that this, or any other mode of speech adopted among us as a people, was by no means taken up for the purpose of opprobrium, but rather significantly to discover the little veneration or distinction they could show for these buildings, more than for their own habitations;-they believing, that the Almighty is equally present every where, to bless and to sanctify every place and every thing to those that walk uprightly on the earth-his footstool." p. 185.

NOTE D.-Page 235.

Elizabeth Goodall has been already thus briefly mentioned by Jaffray in his Diary, p. 126,-" that gracious woman, Elsinet Smith."

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Some readers may not be aware, that the married woman in Scotland usually retained her maiden name. Elsinet and Elspit are concluded to be Scottish variations of Elizabeth. In the Records of the Society of Friends at Aberdeen, this minute appears on occasion of her death." Upon the 21st day of the 12th month, 1691-2, it pleased the Lord to remove from the visible [church,] our dear and ancient friend, Elspit Smith, relict of Andrew Goodall, who was one of the first gathered hereaway, an honest and serious woman, whose body was peaceably and honourably buried in Friends' burial-ground in this city on the 23d day :-The Lord having given his children victory over that wicked and inhuman spirit, that so often and long stopped our burials and raised our dead; [so] that now they are as peaceable and quiet as any other, and attended with many people and the magistrates of the city." This last passage will be explained in the course of the history.

NOTE E-Page 236.

John Boccold, a tailor of Leyden, leader of a mob, who, entertaining wild notions about liberty and equality, possessed themselves of Munster in Westphalia, about the year 1535. The inhabitants of the Low Countries joined him, and Munster became in their imagination Mount Zion, and this man fancied he was called to sit on the throne of David. His fanaticism was connected with the most unrestrained licentiousness and extravagant conduct.-Mann's Lectures on Ecclesiastical History and Nonconformity. p. 225.

NOTE F-Page 238.

Doubtless, it was in allusion to such instances as this of George Gray, that Robert Barclay thus speaks: "If in any age since the apostles' days, God hath purposed to show his power by weak instruments, for the battering down of that carnal and heathenish wisdom, and restoring again the ancient simplicity of Truth, this is it. For, in our day, God hath raised up witnesses for himself, as he did fishermen of old; many, yea, most of whom are labouring and mechanic men: who, altogether without that learning, have by the power and Spirit of God struck at the very root and ground of Babylon; and in the strength and might of this power, have, by reaching their consciences, gathered thousands into the same power and life, who, as to the outward part, have been far more knowing than they, yet not able to resist the virtue that proceeded from them. Of [this] I myself am a true witness, and can declare from a certain experience, because my heart hath been often

greatly broken and tendered by that virtuous life, that hath proceeded from the powerful ministry of those illiterate men: so that by their very countenance, as well as words, I have felt the evil in me often chained down, and the good reached to and raised. What shall I then say to you, who are lovers of learning and admirers of knowledge? Was not I also a lover and admirer of it, who also sought after it according to my age and capacity? But it pleased God in his unutterable love, early to withstand my vain endeavours, while I was yet but eighteen years of age; and made me seriously to consider, (which I wish also may befall others,) that without holiness no man can see God, and that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of wisdom, and to depart from iniquity a good understanding; and how much knowledge puffeth up, and leadeth away from that inward quietness, stillness, and humility of mind, where the Lord appears and his heavenly wisdom is revealed. If ye consider these things, then will ye say with me, that all this learning, wisdom, and knowledge, gathered in this fallen nature, is but as dross and dung in comparison of the cross of Christ; especially being destitute of that power, life, and virtue, which I perceived these excellent (though despised, because illiterate) witnesses of God to be filled with. And therefore, seeing that in and among them I, with many others, have found the heavenly food that gives contentment, let my soul seek after this learning, and wait for it for ever! Barclay's Works, fol. p. 426. or Apology, Prop. 10. sect 23.

NOTE G.-Page 241.

Respecting the persecution of the Scottish Presbyterians, between the time of the Restoration and the Revolution, Cruickshank, their historian, in his preface has this comprehensive language.— "Many were exorbitantly fined, unjustly imprisoned, oppressed by soldiers, plundered by dragoons and a lawless Highland host. Multitudes were forced to wander about in dens and caves of the earth. Not a few were tortured by boots, thumbkins, firematches, &c. Some were beheaded, others were hanged and quartered; women as well as men, suffered death; some of them were hanged, and others drowned; prisons were crowded and ships were loaded with prisoners, who were banished from their native country, of whom many perished." &c. &c.—It is much to be regretted, that this class of Protestants, do not appear as a body, to have been sensible of the imperative duty there is upon Christians, when they are called to suffer, not to resist the evil, nor even to threaten evil, but to commit themselves and their cause to His keeping, who