demand. She only requires to be embued with elevating principles, with a determination to prosecute the work committed to her care, in order to raise twice the amount at present subscribed. Our friends derive a most unhappy conclusion from a comparison of college expenses with the number of students. Their paucity is acknowledged and lamented. But the proper inference is, that sufficient exertion has not been made to increase the number. Practically considered, we appear to make the neglect of one duty the reason why we should be relieved from another, when it is inferred, from the paucity of students, that the college is unnecessary. Only part of the Church's duty is performed when pecuniary support is secured for the college; the other when its classes are filled with students -the neglect of which, it is evident, is necessarily accompanied by a species of retribution rendering the pecuniary outlay comparatively unproductive. The local position of the English Presbyterian Church demands the maintenance of a college. The assertion is continually made, that the Presbyterian Church does not adapt herself to English tastes and habits. Hence the alleged necessity for hymn-books, organs, oratory, external changes, &c. We admit the complaint; and, to a certain extent, the expediency of the changes suggested; but we think that those who contend. for these, while they either ignore, or do what they can to depreciate the college, do not appear to possess sufficient penetration either as to our real wants, or the most effectual method of securing their own objects, or the best guarantee that these, when once obtained, will be permanently established. Our friends have commendable zeal, but they labour at the circumference of the Church's necessities. They do not strike at the central idea, the practical development of which would tend, not only to secure the objects they have in view, but to create the mental and moral ministerial adaptations to the English people which are confessed to be the great wants of the Presbyterian Church. Our friends, with all their zeal in favour of Englishmen, do not appear to have a high estimation of their character, when they imagine that they can attach them to the Presbyterian Church by such insignificant bonds, We have a higher estimate of their character. Their wants are far superior to hymn-books and music. They cannot be reached by either the one or the other. So deep, so vital are these wants, that they cannot be supplied by changes of a ritualistic character. It is the mental and moral adaptation of the mind in the pulpit to the mind in the pew, upon which we fix attention, and for the attainment of which the Church ought to labour. It is not accommodation (a legitimate principle at times), but natural adaptation-that fine, subtle apposition to the minds of others, not always, if ever, easily described, but whose presence and power is felt-for which we contend. Englishmen are as capable as Scotchmen of estimating good preaching. They cannot always appreciate the abstruse doctrine, nor endure the grating accent of men from the North; neither can they suffer the twaddle of those who estimate them as children. Neither the one nor the other suits their mental proportions, which generally have far more symmetry and beauty, less one-sidedness, than some are disposed to admit. We shall not start metaphysical or psychological questions. It might be shown, however, that the English mind, under the influence of natural, not artificial means, could be made to manifest the highest combinations of intellect and emotion. Our great want is that of men adapted to the English mind; and, we may add, to the Scotch mind in England; for a process of assimilation is

continually making progress. In short, we want an English ministry, whose natural character and training are calculated to find a sympathetic entrance for the truth among the higher laws of an Englishman's being. It is mental and moral, not merely ritualistic and æsthetic adaptation of which we stand in urgent need; and, in proportion as the Church loses sight of this fact, in theory and in practice, may we expect her to shrink into greater insignificance than that now possessed, until even her ashes are deprived of their Phoenix-like power. Give us men imbued with English tastes, feelings, and powers-men who know what Englishmen are-men whose own minds fully sympathise with the minds of those with whom they are surrounded—and it will soon be found that the Presbyterian Church makes progress sufficient to satisfy the most sanguine friends, and that neither her music, external forms, nor any un-English characteristic prevents her taking hold of the English people, and occupying an important position in the land. To labour for ritualistic, while essential and fundamental adaptation is almost altogether neglected, appears to be a species of genuine ecclesiastical cobbling-mere patch-work-where an essential element is the great desideratum. It is from the labours of the Church to secure students, and the strenuous, sympathetic, and prayerful support of her college, that we expect to derive the adaptation so essential to congruity and success. Give us the one, the other will follow.

It is evident that the supply of students and the desired success of the college are inseparable. Each acts and re-acts upon the other. Sentiments which check the one-the supply of students-will create unfavourable views in regard to the other-the college. Several sentiments could be mentioned which act in this twofold manner, and are of such a character as to be more influential in their injurious effects among Presbyterians than perhaps any other professing Christians. But on these we cannot at present dwell. We may mention, however, that inadequate views of the sacred character and functions of the Gospel ministry are among others that might be named. There is at present a tendency in this direction among all denominations of evangelical Christians. Into the origin of this tendency we do not attempt to investigate. It may be traced partly to the ministry itself, and partly to the people. It is a subject for both to consider and to guard against.

It is of the utmost importance to the welfare of a Church that she possess the warm attachment of those who are destined to be her ministers. If we desire her to be respected and loved, and counted worthy of the labour and zeal of her students, we should never speak and act so as to place them in a position in which they could infer that the Church they loved and desired to serve considered them rather as a class of interlopers than men honourably seeking to do the work of God. We allude here more particularly to the conduct of those who do not scruple to sneer at the college, and by implication at the character and qualifications of those who attend it. This conduct would be altogether unworthy of notice, were it not that consequences are likely to arise, if they have not already arisen, which they themselves, we hope, would deplore. The Church has sanctioned a college, and prescribed its functions. Relying upon her wisdom, and being desirous of preaching the Gospel, her students have committed themselves to her care. They believe, which they ought to do, that she is honest and straightforward in her arrangements, and that she does not create an institution and at the same time consider those who may attend it, consequently, an inferior class of men. Yet the

manner in which the college is sometimes spoken of would lead one to infer that the Church in which he trusted had deceived him, and that a kind of stigma rested upon every one who enrolled himself as a student. We can excuse that weakness of some Scotchmen which prompts them to extol their native land as superior to every other-their eminent countrymen, and, in short, everything Scotch, however remotely connected. But this pardonable weakness must not be permitted to lead any to act with injustice towards those whom they should treat with tenderness and regard, and whose character and ability are perhaps as good as their own. Besides, they must have very little respect for the Church and the wisdom by which she has been guided, when they permit themselves to become the instruments of inculpating the veracity, good faith, and honourable estimation, which she maintains towards those who enter her college. Unless our friends cease to sneer at the college, and, by implication, at those who attend it, they must not be surprised should they find that they have prevented students from attending, and have succeeded in planting a root of bitterness in several hearts, and in checking that generous thought and effort, that warm, childlike affection of which our Church stands so much in need.

THE LATE PROFESSOR CAMPBELL.

We hope to be able to present our readers, by and bye, with an outline memoir of our late lamented Professor. The necessary inquiries for information regarding the earlier half of his life are now being made, and the sketch will be drawn up by his bereaved colleague. Meanwhile we call attention to the tribute paid to his memory by the Presbytery of London at its last Meeting, and to the following estimate of his character and merits which was delivered in a funeral sermon, preached by Professor Lorimer, at River-terrace, on the Sabbath after his interment in Highgate Cemetery.*

On the same day a funeral sermon was preached in London-wall Church, by the Rev. Wm. Ballantyne, of whose Session Professor Campbell was an Elder for many years. The pulpit was covered with black cloth, and every demonstration of respect paid to his memory. The Session of that Church at their next Meeting made the following record of their loss :

"This being the first Meeting of Session after the lamented death of the Rev. Professor Campbell, the Session cannot notice this affecting dispensation of Divine Providence, without expressing their high sense of the manifold gifts and graces with which their departed brother was endowed.

"They record, with gratitude to God, the great obligations under which he laid this congregation by his assiduous exertions on its behalf, during a recent protracted ministerial vacancy, by the wisdom and prudence of his counsels as one of its ruling elders, by the lively and enlightened interest with which he regarded its affairs and sought its prosperity, and by the brotherly kindness and charity he extended to all its members.

"At the same time, they record their admiration of the distinguished services which he rendered to the Presbyterian Church in England, as one of its ministers and a member of its courts, by his profound knowledge of its constitution and history, by his intense love of its polity, by his ardent zeal for the maintenance of its purity of doctrine, and discipline, and government, and by his unwearied efforts for the extension of its influence in the land. Especially would they declare their warm appreciation of the invaluable benefits he has conferred on the Church as one of its Professors of Theology, charged with the education of its rising ministry.

"And while in the adorable providence of God they are called to mourn the loss which

After some general treatment of his text on the occasion-which was Ps. cxxvi. 5, 6,-" They that sow in tears shall reap in joy,"-Professor Lorimer proceeded as follows :—

"I have made choice on the present occasion of the subject of discourse on which I have thus far addressed you, with reference to a melancholy event which has recently befallen our Church and College-I allude to the death of my beloved and valued colleague and friend Professor Campbellwhom it has pleased God to remove from us in the very meridian of his life and usefulness. For upwards of two years his health had been rapidly declining, but he continued, though broken by repeated interruptions, to share with me the labours of the college till the end of last May, when his strength for public duty finally gave way, and he was compelled to cease from employments which had ever been as delightful to himself as they had been useful to others. He was not a man with whose gifts and attainments our congregations were generally well acquainted. For a good many years back he had seldom appeared in the pulpit. Many of you, in all probability, never heard him or even saw him. But all of you who have ever taken any interest in the affairs of our Church and college, must be well aware how eminent his qualities were as a Church-leader, as an Ecclesiastical counsellor and guide, and as a teacher of theology in our school of the prophets. The services, in particular, which he rendered to our Church in 1844, when the great Ecclesiastical change which had taken place in Scotland led the English Synod to take up a new position, and to give forth a public and fundamental declaration of its principles, were of the weightiest and most valuable character. He occupied at that time one of the foremost places in the Church's counsels, and it was his own learned, acute, and accurate pen that drew up the public documents which she then published to the world. When the history of Presbyterianism in England during the present century comes to be written-we had hoped, alas! that he would have been spared to become the historian himself,-his name will undoubtedly be recorded with peculiar honour, as one of the chief instruments which the Head of the Church employed, to give a new impulse and a happy revival to a cause which once stood high and conspicuous among the religious and ecclesiastical powers of England, and which we trust is destined to recover much, if not all, of the influence which it once wielded in the land.

"No man has gifts and powers for everything. Few men are able to excel or attain to eminence in more than one thing. My departed colleague had not the popular gifts of a successful preacher, but he had many of the best gifts that go to make a great and profound theologian. His mind was in the highest degree acute and penetrating; his judgment calm and clear; and his learning extensive and profound. He was an enthusiastic student of theological science; he was never weary of his favourite studies, and he was almost equally at home in the oldest and the newest theological authorship. To the doctrinal system of the Presbyterian Church, as set forth in the Westminster standards, he was

the Church at large, and this congregation in particular, have sustained in his removal, and to sympathise with his afflicted widow and children under a bereavement so inexpressibly heavy; the Session rejoice and give thanks that they are at the same time called to entertain the lively hope that their departed brother now inherits the blessedness of those who die in the Lord, who rest from their labours, and whose works do follow them.

"The Moderator was requested to send an extract of this Minute to Mrs. Campbell, accompanied with a letter of respectful condolence in the name of the Session."

as much attached by mature conviction as by early predilection; and though he read extensively the theological literature of Germany, which is almost equally fertile of truth and error, he knew always how to take the good and leave the evil, and while laying the Germans under constant contributions to the enrichment of his theological learning, he never suffered them to dim, by a single shade of heresy, the burnished shield of his own orthodox faith. His keenly discriminating intellect had as vigorous a repulsion against error, as it had a powerful affinity and attraction for truth. He did not read timidly, but he sat in cool and searching judgment upon all he read. He did not think that only authors of our own branch of Christ's Church had anything to teach him; he was not narrow-minded, or one-sided, or one-eyed, as a theologian, he was willing to learn truth and borrow light from all. But he surrendered his own theological judgment to none, and by reason of long and strenuous use he had his intellectual senses thoroughly exercised to discern good and evil. Such high qualities as these, taken along with his earnest and manly piety, his intense love for his work, and his affectionate care of the students who sat in successive classes at his feet, made his labours in our college peculiarly valuable, and awaken the fear that in more than one respect his loss will be irreparable to us, and that we shall be able to find for him in several points no adequate successor. In not a few particulars the quality of his mind was singular and unique, and though unique men may have other men to come after them, there is no descending entail of their endowments-they have, properly speaking, no successors.

"The departed Professor's death was as edifying as his life had been useful. He had long foreseen the approach of the great change, and for nearly two weeks before it came he had given up all expectation of even a temporary recovery. Confined from that time to his bed-room, he lay calmly upon his death-couch, awaiting in faith and hope and unruffled peace the moment of his dissolution. At that solemn crisis of his being, when all his intellect, and learning, and profundity could avail him nothing, it was truly edifying to his relatives and brethren who stood around him, to see him manifesting the simple heart reliance upon the all-sufficing Saviour, of a little child. His heart was fixed, trusting in his Lord. He spoke rarely and little, for his vigour both of mind and body was utterly exhausted. But the undying spirit of a man may be calm and clear, when his faculties of communication with the outer world are no longer able to do their office. The sanctified soul of the dying Christian may be deeply resting in God, and blessedly communing with Christ, when it has all but ceased to hold converse with its fellow-men. He spoke rarely and littlebut that little was enough to reveal the strong confidence, and the steady hope, and the solemn peace within. He left the world naming only the name of the Lord Jesus Christ, than which there is none other given under heaven among men by which we can be saved. His dying attitude was that of the expectant patriarch-I wait for thy salvation, O God. And he waited patiently. He was neither too unwilling to leave the world, nor too anxious to be gone-he left all to the Lord. His last audible words on earth were, and he frequently reiterated them in faint but earnest breathings, 'Come, Lord Jesus, for all things are ready!' His end was peace-profound peace in the Lord. He served his generation by the will of God, and then he fell asleep.

"It will be especially interesting to this congregation to be told that his remains were laid, last Thursday, close beside those of their former beloved