8. Appeals, and motions to reconsider, or to adjourn, are not debatable.

9. When a question is under debate, no motion shall be received, except to lay on the table, to postpone, to commit, or to amend.

10. No member shall interrupt another while speaking, except to call to order, as prescribed in Rule 6; or, with the permission of the member speaking, to ask a question relevant to the subject.

II. A motion to adjourn shall always be in order, except when another motion is being voted upon; provided the member moving adjournment has properly secured the floor.

12. When a motion shall be made and seconded, the mover thereof may be called upon by the President, or any member, to reduce the same to writing, and hand it to the table, from which it shall be read by the secretary, and only then becomes open for debate.

13. The mover of a motion shall be at liberty to accept an amendment thereto, but if an amendment be offered and not accepted, yet duly seconded, the Club shall pass upon it before voting upon the original motion.

14. The form used by the presiding officer in putting a motion is: "Are you now ready for the question?" If debates are ended he will continue by saying: "As many as are of the opinion that." repeating the words of the question, "say Aye; as many as are of a different opinion, say No." If it has been proposed to amend the question the amendment shall be acted upon first, and if carried, the presiding officer shall then put the question as amended.

15. Any member may criticise essays or recitations

delivered before the Club, provided he occupy not more than five minutes.

16. When a motion to adjourn is carried, no member shall leave his seat until the President shall have left his chair. *

17. When a motion has been made and decided it shall be in order at any time within two weeks for any member, except such as have voted in the minority, to move the reconsideration thereof.

18. Every officer, at the end of his term of service, shall deliver to his successor any moneys, papers, documents, books, or records under his charge and belonging to the club.

ORDER OF BUSINESS.

The following order of business will cover the necessities of the Club and should be followed with regularity, subject to such modification as circumstances may make expedient:

1. Call to order, by the President.

2. Calling of the roll, by the Secretary.

3. Reading minutes of previous meeting, by the Secretary.

4. Proposals for membership.

5. Reports of special committees.

6. Balloting for candidates.

7. Reports of standing committees.

* The object of this rule is to induce order and discipline. Perfect decorum should mark the closing of a meeting. It also induces respect for all the rules and regulations, as embodied in the official head of the club-an essential to success.

8. Secretary's report.

9. Treasurer's report.

10. Initiation of candidates. II. Unfinished business.

12. Readings for the evening.

13. Recitations for the evening. 14. Debate.

15. New business.

16. Adjournment.

It is the part of the President to announce the order of business, each subject in its proper turn.

FRATERNAL COURTESY.

To the end that we may cultivate and preserve within our circle that mutual respect and fraternal feeling that will conduce to our greatest success, it is earnestly enjoined upon the members of the Club to treat one another always with due courtesy, and to conduct their discussions with candor, but in a spirit of moderation and friendly consideration. Especially should personalities and sarcastic allusions, likely to offend the feelings of a fellow-member, be sedulously avoided.

SECTION II.

RULES GOVERNING DEBATES.

I. IT is customary in debates for the first affirmative speaker to lay out the principles of the question and, instead of digging into the real argument, to reserve it for the summing up, or, as it is termed, the closing speech, an opportunity for which is granted the first speaker. To many, this mode of procedure would indicate that the affirmative speaker is given an advantage, which really is not the case if his opening speech is confined to setting forth the question for debate.

II. In many schools it is becoming the practice to have only four speakers, two affirmative and two negative, and no closing speech by the one who opens. In most cases this plan is preferable to the old established usage, as the first speaker enters into the debate from the very opening and does his best. To inexperienced speakers this plan gives the better satisfaction, and it is made permissible for their benefit.

III. A certain length of time should be allotted to each speaker and strictly adhered

to.

IV. Decorum at all times should be observed. If the question is worthy of debate, then the occasion deserves decorous behavior.

V. The presiding officer should insist upon a strict adherence to parliamentary practice.

VI. It is not practice in the art of debating that is the all-important desideratum, but orderliness, attentiveness, the habit of following with considerate and thoughtful respect the statements of others, and, in general, a genial compliance with polite usage. All these have their important place.

VII. A general can control his army only through obedience. A successful debating club can exist only by observing the rules and regulations.

VIII. As the student obtains practice he should endeavor to carry in his mind an outline of his argument and to present it without committing to memory. Facility in this will come to him much more readily than he may anticipate.

IX. Do not write out and commit to memory beyond what seems absolutely neces