14 And they that were over the works of deliver you from bondage: and redeem you the children of Israel were scourged by Pha-with a high arm, and great judgments. rao's task-masters, saying: Why have you 7 And I will take you to myself for my not made up the task of bricks both yester- people, I will be your God: and you shall day, and to-day as before? know that I am the Lord your God, who brought you out from the work-prison of the Egyptians.

AND the Lord said to Moses; Now thou and Merari, And the years of the life of

A. M. 2513.-† Gen. 46.9. Num. 26, 5. 1 Par. Num. 3. 19. and 26. 57, 58. 1 Par. 6. 2. and 5. 1.1 Par. 4. 24.-§ 1 Par. 6. 1. and 23. 6.-23. 12.

CHAF. VI. Ver. 3. My name Adonai. The nai, to the four letters of that other ineffable name name, which is in the Hebrew text, is that most Jod, He, Vau, He. Hence some moderns have proper name of God, which signifieth his eternal framed the name Jehovah, unknown to all the anself-existent being. Exod. iii. 14: which the Jews cients, whether Jews or Christians: for the true ent of reverence never pronounce; but instead of it, pronunciation of the name, which is in the Hebrew whenever it occurs in the bible, they read Adonai, text, by long disuse, is now quite lost. which signifies the Lord: and therefore they put Ver. 12. Uncircumcised lips. So he calls the dethe points or vowels, which belong to the name Ado-fect he had in his words, or utterance.

who bore him Nadab, and Abiu, and Eleazar, And Aaron took the rod before Pharao, and and Ithamar. his servants, and it was turned into a serpent. 11 And Pharao called the wise men and

24 The sons also of Core: Aser, and Elcana, and Abiasaph. These are the kin- the magicians: and they also by Egyptian endreds of the Corites. chantments and certain secrets did in like manner.

25 But Eleazar the son of Aaron took a wife of the daughters of Phutiel : and she bore him Phinees. These are the heads of the Levitical families by their kindreds.

12 And they every one cast down their rods, and they were turned into serpents: but Aaron's rod devoured their rods.

13 And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he did not hearken to them, as the Lord had

26 These are Aaron and Moses, whom the Lord commanded to bring forth the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt commanded. by their companies.

27 These are they that speak to Pharao king of Egypt, in order to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt: these are that Moses and Aaron.

23 In the day when the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt.

29 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying: I am the Lord: speak thou to Pharao king of Egypt all that I say to thee.

30 And Moses said before the Lord: Lo am of uncircumcised lips, how will Pharao hear me?

CHAP. VII.

Moses and Aaron go in to Pharao: they turn the rod into a serpent; and the waters of Egypt into blood, which was the first plague. The magicians do the like, and Pharao's heart is hardened.

14 And the Lord said to Moses: Pharao's heart is hardened, he will not let the people go.

15 Go to him in the morning, behold he will go out to the waters; and thou shalt stand to meet him on the bank of the river: and thou shalt take in thy hand the rod that was turned into a serpent.

16 And thou shalt say to him: The Lord God of the Hebrews sent me to thee, sayIing: Let my people go to sacrifice to me in the desert: and hitherto thou wouldst not hear.

17 Thus therefore saith the Lord: In this thou shalt know that I am the Lord: behold I will strike with the rod, that is in my hand, the water of the river, and it shall be turned into blood.

18 And the fishes that are in the river,

AND the Lord said to Moses: Behold I shall die, and the waters shall be corrupted,

*

have appointed thee the God of Pharao: and Aaron thy brother shall be thy prophet. 2 Thou shalt speak to him all that I command thee; and he shall speak to Pharao, that he let the children of Israel go out of

his land.

3 But I shall harden his heart, and shall multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,

and the Egyptians shall be afflicted when they drink the water of the river.

19 The Lord also said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Take thy rod, and stretch forth thy hand upon the waters of Egypt, and upon their rivers, and streams and pools, and all the ponds of waters, that they may be turned into blood: and let blood be in all the land of Egypt, both in vessels of wood and of stone. 4 And he will not hear you: and I will 20 And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord lay my hand upon Egypt, and will bring forth had commanded: (and lifting up the rod he my army and my people the children of Is-struck the water of the river before Pharao and rael out of the land of Egypt, by very great his servants: and it was turned into blood. judgments,

5 And the Egyptians shall know that I am the Lord, who have stretched forth my hand upon Egypt, and have brought forth the children of Israel out of the midst of them. 6 And Moses and Aaron did as the Lord had commanded: so did they.

7 And Moses was eighty years old, and Aaron eighty-three, when they spoke to Pharao.

8 And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron: 9 When Pharao shall say to you, Shew signs: thou shalt say to Aaron: Take thy rod, and cast it down before Pharao, and it shall be turned into a serpent.

10 So Moses and Aaron went in unto Pharao, and did as the Lord had commanded. A. M. 2513.- Supra, 4. 15. 2 Tim. 3. 8.

CHAP. VII. Ver. 1. The God of Pharao, viz., to be his judge; and to exercise a divine power, as God's instrument, over him and his people.

21 And the fishes, that were in the river, died: and the river corrupted, and the Egyp tians could not drink the water of the river, and there was blood in all the land of Egypt.

22 || And the magicians of the Egyptians with their enchantments did in like manner: and Pharao's heart was hardened, neither did he hear them, as the Lord had commanded.

23 And he turned himself away and went into his house, neither did he set his heart to it this time also.

24 And all the Egyptians dug round about the river for water to drink: for they could not drink of the water of the river.

25 And seven days were fully ended, after that the Lord struck the river.

§ Infra, 17. 5. Ps. 77. 44.- Wisd. 17. 7. mitting it; and by withdrawing grace from him, in punishment of his malice; which alone was the proper cause of his being hardened.

Ver. 3. I shall harden, &c. Not by being the Ver. 11. Magicians, Jannes and Mambres, of fficient cause of his hardness of heart; but by per-Jambres, 2 Tim, iii. S.

CHAP. VIII.

14 And they gathered them together into

The second plague is of frogs: Pharao promiseth to let immense heaps, and the land was corrupted. the Israelites go, but breaks his promise. The third 15 And Pharao seeing that rest was given, plague is of sciniphs. The fourth is of flies. Pha-hardened his own heart, and did not hear rao again promiseth to dismiss the people, but doth it them, as the Lord had commanded.

Thus saith the Lord: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.

2 But if thou wilt not let them go, behold I will strike all thy coasts with frogs.

16 And the Lord said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Stretch forth thy rod, and strike

sciniphs in all the land of Egypt.

ments practised in like manner, to bring forth sciniphs, and they could not: and there were sciniphs as well on men as on beasts.

17 And they did so. And Aaron stretched forth his hand, holding the rod: and he struck the dust of the earth, and there came 3 And the river shall bring forth an abun-sciniphs on men and on beasts: all the dust dance of frogs: which shall come up, and of the earth was turned into sciniphs through enter into thy house, and thy bed-chamber, all the land of Egypt. and upon thy bed, and into the houses of 18 And the magicians with their enchantthy servants, and to thy people, and into thy ovens, and into the remains of thy meats; 4 And the frogs shall come in to thee, and to thy people, and to all thy servants. 5 And the Lord said to Moses: Say to Aaron, Stretch forth thy hand upon the streams and upon the rivers and the pools, and bring forth frogs upon the land of Egypt. 20 The Lord also said to Moses: Arise 6 And Aaron stretched forth his hand early, and stand before Pharao: for he will upon the waters of Egypt, and the frogs go forth to the waters: and thou shalt say came up, and covered the land of Egypt. to him: Thus saith the Lord: Let my people 7 And the magicians also by their enchant-go to sacrifice to me. ments did in like manner, and they brought 21 But if thou wilt not let them go, beforth frogs upon the land of Egypt.

8 But Pharao called Moses and Aaron, and said to them: Pray ye to the Lord to take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will let the people go to sa

crifice to the Lord.

19 And the magicians said to Pharao: This is the finger of God. And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had commanded.

hold I will send in upon thee, and upon thy servants, and upon thy houses all kind of flies: and the houses of the Egyptians shall be filled with flies of divers kinds, and the whole land wherein they shall be.

22 And I will make the land of Gessen 9 And Moses said to Pharao: Set me a wonderful in that day, so that flies shall not time when I shall pray for thee, and for thy be there: and thou shalt know that I am the servants, and for thy people, that the frogs Lord in the midst of the earth. may be driven away from thee and from thy house, and from thy servants, and from thy people; and may remain only in the river, 10 And he answered: To-morrow. But he said: I will do according to thy word; that thou mayst know that there is none like to the Lord our God.

11 And the frogs shall depart from thee, and from thy house, and from thy servants, and from thy people; and shall remain only in the river.

12 And Moses and Aaron went forth from Pharao: and Moses cried to the Lord for the promise, which he had made to Pharao concerning the frogs.

13 And the Lord did according to the word of Moses: and the frogs died out of the houses, and out of the villages, and out of the fields:

Wis. 16. 9.

CHAP, VIII. Ver. 8. Pray ye to the Lord, &c. By this it appears, that though the magicians, by the help of the devil, could bring frogs, yet they could not take them away: God being pleased to abridge in this the power of satan. So we see they could not afterwards produce the lesser insects; and in this restraint of the power of the devil, were forced to acknowledge the finger of God.

23 And I will put a division between my people and thy people: to-morrow shall this sign be.

24 And the Lord did so. * And there came a very grievous swarm of flies into the houses of Pharao and of his servants, and into all the land of Egypt: and the land was corrupted by this kind of flies.

25 And Pharao called Moses and Aaron, and said to them: Go, and sacrifice to your God in this land.

26 And Moses said: It cannot be so; for we shall sacrifice the abominations of the Egyptians to the Lord our God: now if we kill those things which the Egyptians worship, in their presence, they will stone us.

27 We will go three days' journey into the wilderness: and we will sacrifice to the Lord our God, as he hath commanded us. + Supra, 3. 18. See the same repeated in ver. 82. his heart at this time also: likewise chap. ix. 7. 35. and chap. xiii. 15.

Pharao hardened

Ver. 16. Sciniphs, or Cinifs, Hebrew Chinnim, small flying insects, very troublesome both to men and beasts.

Ver. 26. The abominations, &c. That is, the things they worship for gods; oxen. rams, &c. It is the Ver. 15. Pharao hardened his own heart. By usual style of the scriptures to call all idols and false this we see that Pharao was himself the efficient gods, abominations, to siguify how much the people cause of his heart being hardened, and not God.-of God ought to detest and abhor them.

28 And Pharao said: I will let you go to sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness: but go no farther: pray for me. 29 And Moses said: I will go out from thee, and will pray to the Lord: and the flies shall depart from Pharao, and from his servants, and from his people to-morrow: but do not deceive any more, in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.

30 So Moses went out from Pharao, and prayed to the Lord.

31 And he did according to his word: and he took away the flies from Pharao, and from his servants, and from his people: there was not left so much as one.

32 And Pharao's heart was hardened, so that neither this time would he let the people go.

12 And the Lord hardened Pharao's heart, and he hearkened not unto them, as the Lord had spoken to Moses.

13 And the Lord said to Moses: Arise in the morning, and stand before Pharao, and thou shalt say to him: Thus saith the Lord the God of the Hebrews: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.

14 For I will at this time send all my plagues upon thy heart, and upon thy servants, and upon thy people: that thou mayst know there is none like me in all the earth. 15 For now I will stretch out my hand to strike thee, and thy people with pestilence, and thou shalt perish from the earth.

16 And therefore have I raised thee, that I may shew my power in thee, and my name may be spoken of throughout all the earth.

17 Dost thou yet hold back my people: and wilt thou not let them go?

18 Behold I will cause it to rain to-morrow at this same hour, an exceeding great hail: such as hath not been in Egypt from the day that it was founded, until this pre

AND the Lord said to Moses hus in to sent time.

Pharao, and speak to him: Thus saith the Lord God of the Hebrews: Let my people go to sacrifice to me.

2 But if thou refuse, and withhold them still:

3 Behold my hand shall be upon thy fields: and a very grievous murrain upon thy horses, and asses, and camels, and oxen, and sheep.

4 And the Lord will make a wonderful difference between the possessions of Israel and the possessions of the Egyptians, that nothing at all shall die of those things that belong to the children of Israel.

5 And the Lord appointed a time, saying: To-morrow will the Lord do this thing in

the land.

:

19 Send therefore now presently, and gather together thy cattle, and all that thou hast in the field: for men and beasts, and all things that shall be found abroad, and not gathered together out of the fields, which the hail shall fall upon, shall die.

20 He that feared the word of the Lord

among Pharao's servants, made his servants

and his cattle flee into houses:

21 But he that regarded not the word of the Lord, left his servants and his cattle in the fields:

22 And the Lord said to Moses: Stretch forth thy hand towards heaven, that there may be hail in the whole land of Egypt, upon men, aud upon beasts, and upon every herb of the field in the land of Egypt.

6 The Lord therefore did this thing the 23 And Moses stretched forth his rod next day and all the beasts of the Egyp-towards heaven, and the Lord sent thunder tians died, but of the beasts of the children and hail, and lightning running along the of Israel there died not one. ground: and the Lord rained hail upon the land of Egypt.

7 And Pharao sent to see: and there was not any thing dead of that which Israel possessed. And Pharao's heart was hardened, and he did not let the people go.

S And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron: Take to you handfuls of ashes out of the chimney, and let Moses sprinkle it in the air in the presence of Pharao.

9 And be there dust upon all the land of Egypt: for there shall be boils and swelling blains both in men and beasts, in the whole land of Egypt.

10 And they took ashes out of the chimney, and stood before Pharao, and Moses sprinkled it in the air: and there came boils with swelling blains in men and beasts.

11 Neither could the magicians stand before Moses for the boils that were upon them, and in all the land of Egypt.

* Rom. 9. 17.

CHAP. IX. Ver 6. All the beasts. That is, ny of all kinds.

24 And the hail and fire mixt with it drove on together; and it was of so great bigness, as never before was seen in the whole land of Egypt since that nation was founded.

25 And the hail destroyed through all the land of Egypt all things that were in the fields, both man and beast: and the hail smote every herb of the field, and it broke every tree of the country.

26 Only in the land of Gessen, where the children of Israel were, the hail fell not.

27 And Pharao sent and called Moses and Aaron, saying to them: I have sinned this time also, the Lord is just: I and my people are wicked.

28 Pray ye to the Lord, that the thunderings of God and the hail may cease: that I may let you go, and that ye may stay here no longer,

+ Wis. 16. 16. and 19. 19.

Ver. 12. Hardened, &c. See the annotations above, chap. iv. 21. chap. vii, S. and chap. viii, 15,

14 And they came up over the whole land of Egypt: and rested in all the coasts of the Egyptians innumerable, the like as had not been before that time, nor shall be hereafter. 15 And they covered the whole face of the earth, wasting all things. And the grass The eighth plague of the locusts. The ninth, of dark-of the earth was devoured, and what fruits soever were on the trees, which the hail had

AND the Lord said to rdened his heart, left; and there remained not any thing is Pharao ; for I have hardened his heart, was green on the trees, or in the herbs of and the heart of his servants: that I may the earth in all Egypt. work these my signs in him.

CHAP. X. Vef. 21. Darkness upon the land of gross exhalations, which were to cause and accom