as was expected, and Mr. Dudley was chosen in his place. In 1634, he was chosen governour, and also several times afterwards. He was the second in authority seven or eight years, sometimes under Winthrop, and once under Indicot. He was ap pointed major general in 1644; this was a new office in the plantation. He was continued in the magis tracy from the time of his arrival to his death, which happened, July 31st, 1653, in the 77th year of his age. He was upright and honest in his disposition, blunt in his manners, and withstood magistrates and ministers when he thought them worthy of reproof. Nor would he yield to any popular opinion to gain honour and authority. A serious dispute took place between him and governour Winthrop, which required the interposition of their friends among the clergy and laity. He was more firm in the Hutchinsonian, or Antimonian controversy, than any of the magistrates, and even accused Mr. Cotton of departing from the faith; and without prejudice or attachment from prior connexions, required an explanation of his principles and conduct. En. dicot also found him an opponent that was not to be moved when he dissented from the general opinion of the magistrates, or wished to introduce some novel things in their proceedings. Mr. Dudley was not a man of learning equal to Winthrop or Bellingham, but in this respect was not inferior to Endicot. Neither Endicot nor Dudley possessed what, in the present age, would be called liberality of sentiment, or urbanity of manners. Mr. D. was such an enemy to toleration that he not only spoke against it, but left a number of lines which the friends of rational religion must wish he had never written, as they are not to the credit of his poetry or his charity, but being written, and handed down, are quoted to give a just view of the character of the man: Let men of God, in courts and churches watch Lest that ill egg bring forth a cockatrice DUDLEY JOSEPH, son of T. Dudley the veteran magistrate of Massachusetts, was educated at Harvard College, and received the honours of that seminary, A. D. 1665.* He was early made a magistrate, and supposed to be on the side of loyalists, who were willing to give up some charter privileges. It is evident that he loved the principles and practices of the New England planters, though to keep his place he often sacrificed those, and was subservient to men in power. Randolph in one letter speaks of him as a man "opposed to the faction." At other times, he calls him a "man of a base, servile, and antimonarchical principle." In 1686 several gentlemen of the council were appointed to take the administration of the government of Massachusetts; Mr.Dudley received a commission as president. The year before, he had been left out of the magistracy, having rendered himself unpopular by some acts which were thought pleasing to the enemies of New England. His short administration was not grievous to the people, They had expected Kirk to be appointed governour, and were disposed, from dread of his coming, to receive any other man with apparent cordiality. Mr. Dudley, says Hutchinson, considered himself as appointed to preserve the affairs of the colony from confusion until the governour arrived, and a rule of administration should be more fully established. When sir Edmund Andross was appointed governour of the several colonies, Dudley was president of the council, also chief justice of the province. He was upon the circuit at Narraganset when Andress was made prisoner, and was seized at Provi He is second in the class, Benjamin Eliot, son of the apostle Eliot, being first. As they placed the students according to their parentage, why was not the son of a governour the first? dence as one of the governour's party. For some time he was confined to his house at Roxbury. He was more obnoxious than any other person, and was treated even with inhumanity during his imprisonment, reviled by the very soldiers that guarded him, and deprived of the very necessaries of life. He had been so conversant with Andross and Randolph, that he was ranked with them as an enemy to the country, and the resentment was raised the higher because he was born in New England; that which they could bear from a stranger, they thought insufferable from an inhabitant of the country. By the order of king William, he embarked for England in February, 1689. He was the next year appointed chief justice of New York; but his property, his friends, and his heart were in Massachusetts. It was said, he made use of all his influence to injure gov. Phips, expecting to succeed him in the government if he could be provoked to leave it. For this purpose he went to England, paid court to his majesty's ministers, and was patronized by noblemen of name and character. The agents opposed the appointment, and obtained their wish, which was to have lord Bellamont sent over. Dudley was not popular enough at New York to have any desire to go there, nor were the emoluments of a place on the bench very alluring. He preferred to be lieut. governour of the isle of White, lord Cutts being the governour, a nobleman who had interested himself very much in his favour. When lord Bellamont died, in 1701, he again solicited for the government of Massachusetts. He was then member of parliament, and lieut. governour of the isle of White, a more splendid, as well as more easy condition, than any office in New England; but he had such " a passion for his native country, as would have done honour to the ancient Athenians"-sir Henry Ashurst opposed the appointment. The dissenters in England, and even Cotton Mather, in New England, joined in promoting his interest and reputation. He came over in 1702, and was received with tokens of respect by men who had always been his political opponents, and some of them his personal enemies. He, however, maintained the side of the prerogative; he had, therefore, in opposition to him most of the friends of the old charter, and some whose ideas did not glide with the popular stream, were filled with zeal against his adadministration. The first seven years were spent in debates with the house of representatives, or in private disputes with men who ceased not to accuse him of artifice and deception; of arbitrary conduct; of enmity even to those privileges which they had obtained by the new charter. Dr. Increase and Dr. Cotton Mather, wrote him severe letters of reproof, which he answered, copies of which are preserved.* He had many friends, however, who considered him as a great friend to the churches of New England, as well as an excellent governour, among them were president Leverett, Mr. Brattle, and Dr. Colman, who were fellows of the college, to which seminary gov. Dudley ever manifested a very warm attachment. The last years of his administration were more tranquil, and when his interest and ambition were not thwarted by the opposite party, his polite and engaging deportment, his love for his country, his eminent abilities, and very extensive information, made him a prominent character among the very first men of that generation. He was succeeded by gov. Shute, 1716, and died, 1720, aged 73. DUDLEY PAUL, F. R. S. chief justice of Massachusetts, was the son of gov. Joseph Dudley. He was born at Roxbury, 1673, graduated at Harvard College, 1690; and having read law some years in this country was sent to England to finish his studies at the Temple. In 1702, he came over to Massachusetts with a commission from the queen, as attorney general, which office he held till he was • Vide Historical Collection, vol. iii. Mr. appointed judge of the superiour court. When hẹ was a young man he was zealous on the side of prerogative, and acted with those who endeavoured to abridge the privileges of the colony. Hence he was very unpopular on this side the water, and provoked the resentment of many who had looked with candour on his father's proceedings, as well as those who had always been in opposition to his measures. Some very severe charges are made against him by Dr. Increase Mather, whose friendship to the gover. nour had been once of service to him. Dudley, however, grew in the esteem of the people. He conducted so well in the line of his profession, and in every station, that whatever might have been his sentiments when he was in England, he was regarded as one who loved his country, and was active in serving its interest and prosperity. He was chosen representative to the general court for his native town, and was promoted to a seat at the council board. He appeared to great advantage in each situation, but it was on the bench he shone with the greatest lustre. "Here he displayed his admirable talents, his quick apprehension, his uncommon strength of memory, and extensive knowledge; and at the same time his great abhorrence of vice, together with that impartial justice which neither respected the rich, nor countenanced the poor man in his cause. Thus while with hands and an upright heart he administered justice in his circuit through the province, he gained the general esteem and veneration of the people. As his presence always commanded respeet, so it might justly be said of him, that he scattered iniquity with his eyes, which struck with awe the most daring offenders. When he spoke, it was with such authority and pe. culiar energy of expression, as never failed to command attention, and deeply impress the minds of all who heard him; and his sentiments of law and evidence in all cases before the court, had generally a determining weight with those who were pure |