Controlling the State: Constitutionalism from Ancient Athens to TodayHarvard University Press, 30/06/2009 - 407 من الصفحات This book examines the development of the theory and practice of constitutionalism, defined as a political system in which the coercive power of the state is controlled through a pluralistic distribution of political power. It explores the main venues of constitutional practice in ancient Athens, Republican Rome, Renaissance Venice, the Dutch Republic, seventeenth-century England, and eighteenth-century America. From its beginning in Polybius' interpretation of the classical concept of mixed government, the author traces the theory of constitutionalism through its late medieval appearance in the Conciliar Movement of church reform and in the Huguenot defense of minority rights. After noting its suppression with the emergence of the nation-state and the Bodinian doctrine of sovereignty, the author describes how constitutionalism was revived in the English conflict between king and Parliament in the early Stuart era, and how it has developed since then into the modern concept of constitutional democracy. |
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النتائج 1-5 من 87
الصفحة 1
... social organization beyond that of the family . Such hypothetical scenarios have played an important role in Western political thought ever since Thomas Hobbes and John Locke employed them to demonstrate that the authority of the state ...
... social organization beyond that of the family . Such hypothetical scenarios have played an important role in Western political thought ever since Thomas Hobbes and John Locke employed them to demonstrate that the authority of the state ...
الصفحة 2
... social stratification , and the invention of writing and nu- merical record keeping ) to the innovation of “ hydraulic agriculture . ” Witt- fogel regards all early states as highly concentrated centers of despotic power , in contrast ...
... social stratification , and the invention of writing and nu- merical record keeping ) to the innovation of “ hydraulic agriculture . ” Witt- fogel regards all early states as highly concentrated centers of despotic power , in contrast ...
الصفحة 3
... Social Sciences on the state as a social institution , Morton Fried observes that the concept of the state has been employed in a wide variety of ways by scholars . " At one extreme of argument the state is identified with one or more ...
... Social Sciences on the state as a social institution , Morton Fried observes that the concept of the state has been employed in a wide variety of ways by scholars . " At one extreme of argument the state is identified with one or more ...
الصفحة 4
... social organization , the state operates by means of coercion . The most significant feature of political . organization is not that the nation - state has supplanted all other forms , nor that the domain of the state has grown so large ...
... social organization , the state operates by means of coercion . The most significant feature of political . organization is not that the nation - state has supplanted all other forms , nor that the domain of the state has grown so large ...
الصفحة 8
... social upheavals of sixteenth - century France by investigating " sovereignty , " that is , ultimate power , in terms of what was required to main- tain the order and stability of society . Power remains today the main focus of both ...
... social upheavals of sixteenth - century France by investigating " sovereignty , " that is , ultimate power , in terms of what was required to main- tain the order and stability of society . Power remains today the main focus of both ...
المحتوى
1 | |
19 | |
2 Athenian Democracy | 60 |
3 The Roman Republic | 86 |
4 Countervailance Theory in Medieval Law Catholic Ecclesiology and Huguenot Political Theory | 116 |
5 The Republic of Venice | 129 |
6 The Dutch Republic | 166 |
7 The Development of Constitutional Government and Countervailance Theory in SeventeenthCentury England | 223 |
8 American Constitutionalism | 284 |
9 Modern Britain | 327 |
Epilogue | 358 |
References | 363 |
Index | 387 |
طبعات أخرى - عرض جميع المقتطفات
عبارات ومصطلحات مألوفة
American ancient aristocracy Aristotle Assembly Athenian Athens authority Bagehot Bodin Britain British Cambridge checks and balances church citizenry citizens civic civil colonial concept constitutionalism construed Contarini contends Council countervailance model courts democracy democratic Dicey doctrine of sovereignty dominant Dutch political Dutch Republic early elected England English constitution entity ernment established Europe exercise Federalist governmental historians Holland House of Commons House of Orange important independent institutions James Jean Bodin judicial king legislative liberty literature Lords Madison ment mixed government modern monarch Montesquieu Netherlands notion Parliament pluralist political organization political power political system political theory political thought Polybius popular sovereignty prince principle provinces public policy reforms regarded religious republican Revolution role Roman Roman Republic Rome Rowen rule Senate separation of powers seventeenth century significant social sovereign stadholder structure Stuart system of government towns United Provinces University Press Venetian Venice William writes
مقاطع مشهورة
الصفحة 311 - The aim of every political constitution is, or ought to be, first to obtain for rulers men who possess most wisdom to discern, and most virtue to pursue, the common good of the society ; and in the next place, to take the most effectual precautions for keeping them virtuous whilst they continue to hold their public trust.
الصفحة 313 - By a faction, I understand a number of citizens, whether amounting to a majority or minority of the whole, who are united and actuated by some common impulse of passion, or of interest, adverse to the rights of other citizens, or to the permanent and aggregate interests of the community.
الصفحة 9 - Power" (Macht) is the probability that one actor within a social relationship will be in a position to carry out his own will despite resistance, regardless of the basis on which this probability rests.
الصفحة 313 - Wherever the real power in a Government lies, there is the danger of oppression. In our Governments the real power lies in the majority of the Community, and the invasion of private rights is chiefly to be apprehended, not from acts of Government contrary to the sense of its constituents, but from acts in which the Government is the mere instrument of the major number of the Constituents.
الصفحة 30 - That all power is vested in, and consequently derived from, the people; that magistrates are their trustees and servants, and at all times amenable to them.
الصفحة iv - In all governments, there is a perpetual intestine struggle, open or secret, between AUTHORITY and LIBERTY; and neither of them can ever absolutely prevail in the contest. A great sacrifice of liberty must necessarily be made in every government; yet even the authority, which confines liberty, can never, and perhaps ought never, in any constitution, to become quite entire and uncontrollable.
الصفحة 289 - Taxation is no part of the governing or legislative power. The taxes are a voluntary gift and grant of the Commons alone.
الصفحة 10 - Power corresponds to the human ability not just to act but to act in concert. Power is never the property of an individual; it belongs to a group and remains in existence only so long as the group keeps together. When we say of somebody that he is 'in power' we actually refer to his being empowered by a certain number of people to act in their name.