16. No. idea of abstract sub-

stance

17. The cohesion of solid
parts, and impulse, the

primary ideas of body.

18. Thinking and motivity

the primary ideas of spi-

rit.

19-21. Spirits capable of mo-
tion.

22. Idea of soul and body

compared.

23-27. Cohesion of solid parts in

body, as hard to be con-

ceived, as thinking in a
soul.

28, 29. Communication of motion

by impulse, or by thought,

equally intelligible.

30. Ideas of body and spirit

compared.

31. The notion of spirit in-

volves no more difficulty

in it than that of body.

32. We know nothing beyond

our simple ideas.

33-35. Idea of God.

36. No ideas in our complex

one of spirits, but those

got from sensation or re-

flection.

37. Recapitulation.

CHAP. XXIV.

Of collective ideas of substances.

SECT.

1. One idea.

1. Relation, what.

2. Relations, without corre-

lative terms, not easily

perceived.

3. Some seemingly absolute

terms contain relations.

4. Relation different from

the things related.

5. Change of relation may

be without any change

in the subject.

6. Relation only betwixt two

things.

7. All things capable of re-

lation.

8. The ideas of relation

clearer often, than of the

subjects related.

9. Relations all terminate in

simple ideas.

10. Terms leading the mind

beyond the subjects deno-

minated, are relative.

11. Conclusion.

9. Personal identity.

10. Consciousness makes per-
sonal identity.

11. Personal identity in

change of substances.

12-15. Whether in the change

of thinking substances.

16. Consciousness makes the

same person.

17. Self depends on consci-

ousness.

18-20. Objects of reward and pu-
nishment.

21, 22. Difference between iden-
tity of man and person.

23-25. Consciousness alone makes

self.

26, 27. Person a forensic term.

28. The difficulty from ill use

of names.

29. Continued

makes identity.

existence

CHAP. XXVIII.

Of other relations.

1. Proportional.

2. Natural.

3. Instituted.

4. Moral.

5. Moral good and evil.

6. Moral rules.

7. Laws.

8. Divine law, the measure

of sin and duty.

9. Civil law, the measure of

crimes and innocence.

10, 11. Philosophical law, the

measure of virtue and

vice.

12. Its inforcements, com-

mendation, and discredit.

13. These three laws the

rules of moral good and

evil.

14, 15. Morality is the relation of

actions to these rules.

16. The denominations of ac-

tions often mislead us.

17. Relations innumerable.

18. All relations terminate in

simple ideas.

19. We have ordinarily as

clear (or clearer) notions

of the relation, as of its

foundation.

20. The notion of the rela-

tion is the same, whether

the rule, any action is

compared to, be true or

false.

CHAP. XXIX.

Of clear and distinct, obscure and

confused ideas.

8-11. Ideas of substances, as

collections of their quali-

ties, are all inadequate.

12. Simple ideas ExTUTα, and

adequate.

13. Ideas of substances are

EXTUTα, and inadequate.

14. Ideas of modes and rela-

tions are archetypes, and

cannot but be adequate.

CHAP. XXXII.

Of true and false ideas.

SECT.

1. Truth and falsehood pro-

perly belongs to propo-

sitions.

2. Metaphysical truth con-

tains a tacit proposition.

3. No idea, as an appear-

ance in the mind, true

or false.

4. Ideas referred to any thing

may be true or false.

5. Other men's ideas, real

existence, and supposed

real essences, are what

men usually refer their

ideas to.

6-8. The cause of such re-

ferences.

9. Simple ideas may be false
in reference to others of
the same name, but are
least liable to be so.

10. Ideas of mixed modes

most liable to be false in

the sense.

11. Or at least to be thought

false.

12. And why.

13. As referred to real exist-

enscs, none of our ideas

can be false, but those of

substances.

14, 16. First, Simple ideas in

this sense not false, and

why.

15. Though one man's idea of

blue should be different

from another's.

17. Secondly, Modes not

false.

18. Thirdly, Ideas of sub-

stances, when false.

19. Truth or falsehood always

supposes affirmation or

negation.

20. Ideas in themselves nei-
ther true nor false.

21. But are false, First, when

judged agreeable to an-

other man's idea without

being so.

22. Secondly, When judged

to agree to real existence,

when they do not.

23. Thirdly, When judged

adequate without being so.

24. Fourthly, When judged to

represent the real essence.

25. Ideas, when false.

26. More properly to be call-

ed right or wrong.

27. Conclusion.

reason cannot.