labour Bishop Watson sank in extricating and restoring the cathedral church." He, or Bishop Thomas, proposed indeed to remove the see to Carmarthen, near which, at Abergwili, he was himself resident. Happily the protests of the people of Dewisland prevented so disastrous a breach with the famous past.

Thus we have the Church in Wales struggling still after the years of worst stress were over. Though the number of University graduates ordained has been shown to have been declining, the standard of learning among the clergy was not low. During the seventeenth century Wales gave four bishops to English, four to Irish sees, as well as the eighteen Welshmen who became bishops in their own land. But the political influences of the eighteenth century went far to undo much of the good work that had been done in the seventeenth. Here the similarity with England is close; and, indeed, as we close our survey we are struck by the importance of the ties which bound the Church together in different parts of our island. Unity, the lesson that the Caroline divines never wearied of preaching, was attained in the English Church in a way which under Elizabeth might well have seemed impossible.

AUTHORITIES.-State Papers, Domestic; Laud, Works, especially his diary and reports of his province to the King; MSS. of the chapter of St. David's, notably the chapter register, the Collectanea Menevensia of Canon Payne, and the valuable (eighteenth century) note-books of Archdeacon Yardley; Prynne, Canterburie's Doome; muniments of the Bishop of St. David's (preserved in 1894, when I inspected them, at Abergwili); Browne Willis, Surveys of the Cathedral Churches: of St. David's (1717), Llandaff (1719), St. Asaph (1720), Bangor (1721); Jones and Freeman, History and Antiquities of St. David's (1856); Walker, Memorials, etc.; E. J. Newell, Llandaff; W. L. Bevan, St. David's; D. R. Thomas, St. Asaph (each in Diocesan Histories); Nelson, Life of Bishop Bull; on Adam Ottley see the MS. poem of Browne Willis quoted by Jones and Freeman, pp. 334-5; Reliquiæ Baxterianæ, 1676; Prichard, Canwyll y Cymry, 1646; Life and Death of Rev. Vavasor Powell, 1671.