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Thousands in every part of the Kingdom, heartily wish and pray Your Majefty may at all times, and especially at that time, enjoy.

I am,

MADAM,

With the greatest and most sincere Respect,

Your MAJESTY's

Moft obedient Servant,

RICHARD LANDAFF.

CONTENTS

FIRST VOL U M E.

This Book deferves to be generally known; it has been for fome
Years out of Print, and much fought after by the Clergy: I thought I
fhould do them an acceptable Service in making it a part of this Col-
lection.

These two Volumes were publifhed in French, the First in London,

and the Second at Amfterdam, much about the fame Time that they
made their Appearance in English. They were spoken of with Respect
in the Acta Eruditorum for 1688; were tranflated into German at Nu-
renberg in 1702: and have been always held in great Repute for the
Plainnefs and Erudition with which they are written. The Author was
a French Refugee of diftinguished Learning and Integrity; the Reader
will meet with a good Account of his Life and Writings in the Biogra
phia Britannica.

PREFACE.

N publifhing this Collection of Theological Tracts I have had no other end in view, but to afford young perfons of every denomination, and especially to afford the Students in the Universities, and the younger Clergy, an eafy opportunity of becoming better acquainted with the grounds and principles of the Chriftian Religion than, there is reafon to apprehend, many of them at prefent are. My firft intention was to have admitted into the Collection, fuch small tracts only in Latin or English, on Theological Subjects, as had funk into unmerited oblivion; but, on maturer reflexion, I thought it better to confult the general utility of the younger and lefs informed Clergy, than to aim at gratifying the curiofity, or improving the understanding, of those who were more advanced in years and knowledge. Inftead therefore of confining myself to fingle tracts, I have not fcrupled to publifh fome entire books; but they are books of fuch acknowledged worth, that no Clergyman ought to be unacquainted with their contents; and by making them a part of this Collection, they may chance to engage the attention of many who would otherwife have overlooked them. It would have been an easy matter to have laid down anexten five plan of ftudy for young Divines, and to have made a great fhew of learning by introducing into it a Syftematic Arrangement of Hiftorians, Critics, and Commentators, who, in different ages and in different languages, have employed their talents on Theological Subjects. But there is a fashion in study as in other purfuits; and the taste of the present age is not calculated for the making great exertions in Theological Criticifm and Philology. I do not confider the Tracts which are here published as fufficient to make what is called a deepDivine, but they will go a great way towards making, what is of more worth-a well-informed Chriftian. InDivinity, perhaps, more than

in any other science, it may be reckoned a virtue aliqua nefcire ; for what Quinctilian obferves of historical, is certainly very applicable to an abundance of Theological writings.Perfequi quidem quod quifque umquam vel contemptiffimorum hominum dixerit, aut nimiæ miferiæ, aut inanis ja&tantiæ eft; et detinet atque obruit Ingenia, melius aliis vacatura.

If any thing can revive a fenfe of Religion in the higher claffes of life; preferve what still remains of it amongst men of middling fortunes; and bring back to decency of manners and the fear of God, the lowest of the people; it must be the Zeal of the Clergy. But Zeal, in order to produce its proper effect, must be founded in knowledge: it will otherwife (where, from fome peculiar temperament of body or mind, it happens to exist at all) be unsteady in its operation; it will be counteracted by the prejudices of the world, the fuggeftions of felf-intereft, the importunities of indolent habits; or it will be tainted by Fanaticism, and inftead of producing in every individual fober thoughts of his Christian duty, it will hurry into dangerous errors the ignorant and unthinking, and excite the abhorrence or derifion of men of sense. I have therefore, in felecting the works which compofe this publication, not fo much attended to the difcuffion of particular doctrines, as to the general arguments which are best adapted to produce in the Clergy, and in others who will confider them, a well-grounded perfuafion that Chriftianity is not a cunningly devifed fable, but the power of God unto falvation to every one that believeth. That Clergyman who is a Chriftian, not because he happens to have been born in a Chriftian country, but from rational conviction, will never think himself at liberty to make light of his calling; to fuit his inftructions to the vicious propenfities of his audience; to fcandalize his profeffion by a conformity with the ungodly fashions of the world; to be ashamed of the Cross of Chrift, though he should see it attacked by the fubtlety of Sophifts, or ridiculed by the wanton audacity of profane men. ciency of Zeal indeed in religious concerns does not always proceed, either in the Clergy or Laity, from a want of Knowledge: fenfual appetites, ungoverned paffions, worldly customs, all combine together in making moft men languid in the performance of even clear and acknowledged duties; yet it must be confeffed, that a firm belief in the truth of Chriftianity refulting from a comprehenfive view of the proofs by which it is established, is the moft probable mean of producing in all men integrity of life; and of animating, efpecially, the Minifters of the Gospel, to a zealous and difcreet discharge of their pastoral functions.

A defi

Young

Young men who are ordained from Country Schools are frequently, when settled in their Curacies, at a loss what courfe of ftudies to pursue: and many of them, as well as many of those who have had the benefit of an Univerfity-Education, are unhappily in no condition to expend much money in the purchase of Theological books, even if they knew how to make a proper felection. Both thefe difficulties are, I hope, in fome degree, obviated by this publication; which contains nearly as much matter as three times the number of ordinary volumes of the fame fize; and the matter itself has been taken from Authors of fuch established reputation, that he who will take the pains to read and digeft what is here offered to him, will have acquired no in-" confiderable knowledge in Divinity. But in Divinity, as in every other study, a man muft think much for himfelf; thofe who have gone before in the fame purfuit may point out the road to him, but that is the main good they can do him: if he loiters in his progrefs, waiting for the vigilance of others to push him on he will never get to his journey's end. The Lectures of Profeffors and Tutors are doubtlefs of great ufe in every fcience; but their ufe does not confift so much in rendering the fcience intelligible, if we except the first Elements of the abftract Sciences, as in directing the attention of the Students to the best books on every fubject; and if to this they add a frequent examination into the progrefs which the Students have made, they will have done all that reasonably can be expected from them. The Republic of Letters is in very different circumftances in the prefent age from, what it was three centuries ago: the multiplicity of books which, in the course of that period, have been published in every Art and Science, has enlarged the boundaries of knowledge, and given. every man an opportunity, if he be not wanting to himself, of becoming fkilled in that branch of Literature which he fhall think fit to cultivate. And to fpeak the truth, though there may be fome dark points in Divinity which the labour of Learning may ftill illuftrate, yet new books are not fo much wanted in that Science, as inclination in the younger Clergy to explore the treafures of the old ones.

A young man deftined to the Church, who thinks that he has completed his Education as foon as he has taken his first degree, in Arts, and quitted the walls of his College, is under a very great miftake. His memory may have been ftocked with a great abundance of Claffical Knowledge; his mind may have been expanded by a general acquaintance with the feveral branches of Natural Philofophy; his reafoning faculties may have been ftrengthened

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