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5.) Ch. i. 35. And in the morning rifing up a great while before day, he went out, and departed into a folitarie place, and there prayed. 36. And Simon, and they that were with him, fallowed after him. 37. And when they bad found him, they faid unto him: All men feek thee. This is not at all in Matthew, and is here much fuller, and with more particulars, than in Luke iv. 42.

6.) Ch. i. 45. Of the leper, cured by our Saviour, he fays: But he went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter. Not particularly mentioned by the other Evangelifts. Compare Matth. viii.

4.

Luke v. 14. 15.

7.) In the cure of the paralytic. ch. ii. 2. And ftraitway many were gathered together, infomuch that there was no room to receive them, not fo much as about the door. 3. And they come unto him, bringing one fick of the palfie, which was born of four. 4. And they uncovered the roof.

No other Evangelift has fo particularly defcribed the croud. In Mark only is it faid, that this fick man was born of four. He likewise more particularly describes the uncovering the roof. Compare Matt. ix. 1. 2. Luke v. 18. 19.

8.) In the hiftorie of the man with a withered hand, cured in the fynagogue, on a fabbath. ch. iii. 5. And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardnesse of their hearts, he faith unto the man: Stretch forth thy hand. Not fo full in any other Evangelift. Compare Matt. xii. 9... 13. Luke vi. 6. . . 11.

9.) Ch. iii. ver. 6. And the Pharifees went forth, and straightway took counfel with the Herodians against him. Matth. xii. 14. mentions Pharifees only. Luke vi. 11. mentions no perfons by name.

10.) Ch. iii. 17. And James the fon of Zebedee, and John the brother of James. And he named them Boanerges. Not in any other Evangelift.

...

II. Ch. iii. 19. And they went into the house. 20. And the multitude cometh together again, fo that they could not fo much as eat bread. 21. And when his friends heard of it, they went out to lay hold of him. For they faid: He is befide himself, Whether that expreffion, he is befide himfelf, is to be understood of Chrift, or of the multitude, this paffage is pe

culiar to St. Mark.

12.) Ch. iv. 26. And he faid: So is the kingdom of God, as if a man fhould caft his feed into the ground, 27. and should sleep, and rise night and day, and the feed fhould fpring and grow up, he knoweth not how. 28. For the earth bringeth forth fruit of itself, first the blade, then the ear, after that the full corn in the ear. 29. But when the fruit is ripe, immediately he putteth in the fickle, because the harveft is come. This parable is peculiar to St. Mark. See Whitby upon the place, and likewife (9) Grotius.

13.) After the parable of the grain of muftard-feed, befide other things common to him and Matthew, he adds. ch. iv. 24. And when they were alone, he expounded all things to his difciples. Compare Matt. xiii. 31... 34.

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(9) Hæc parabola, aliis omiffa, cum fuam hic explicationem non habeat, explicari debet ex fimili comparatione, quæ eft apud Matth. xiii. 24. Grote ad Marc. iv. 26.

This particular leads us mightily, to think, that either Mark was an eye-witneffe, or had the belt and fulleft information of things.

14.) Mark iv. 36. And when they had fent away the multitude, they took him even as he was in the fhip. This circumftance, peculiar to St. Mark, enables us to account for our Lord's faft fleep in his paffage to the countrey of the Gadarens. We perceive from St. Mark, that this voyage was undertaken in the evening, after the fatigue of long difcourfes in public, and without any refreshment. Our Lord's fleep in the midst of a ftorm is mentioned by all three Evangelifts. Matt. viii. 24. . . . 26. Mark iv. 37. 38. Luke viii. 23. 24. But this Evangelist alone leads us

to difcern the occafion of it.

15.) Farther, in the fame ver. 36. of ch. iv. And there were also with him feveral other little fhips. A particular, peculiar to St. Mark.

16.) And in the account of this voyage crofs the fea, he fays ver. 38. that our Lord was in the hinder part of the ship, afleep on a pillow: twe circumstances, wanting in the other Evangelifts.

17.) Certainly, thefe, and other things, are fufficient to affure us, that either Mark was an eye-witneffe: or, that he wrote things, as related to him by an eye-witneffe, even Peter himself, as all the ancients fay.

18.) In Matt. viii. 28. . . 34. Mark v. 1. 19. Luke viii. 26. . . . 39. are the several accounts of our Lord's healing the demoniac, or demoniacs, in the countrey of the Gadarens. For Matthew speaks of two, Mark and Luke of one only. In St. Mark's hiftorie are divers things, not in the other Gofpels. In him alone it is faid, that the man was always night and day in the mountains, and in the tombs, crying, and cutting bimfelf with ftones. And he only mentions the number of fwine, that perifhed in the fea, faying, they were about two thoufand.

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19.) All the first three Evangelifts have given a hiftorie of our Lord's raifing the daughter of Jairus, and healing the woman with an iffue of blood, both in connexion. Matt. ix. 18. 26. Mark v. 22. ・ ・ ・ 43. Luke viii. 41... 56 St. Mark has feveral things, which are in neither of the other. Of the woman he fays ver. 26. fhe had fuffered much of many Phyficians... and was nothing bettered, but rather grew worse. At ver. 29. And he felt in her body, that she was healed of that plague. At ver. 41. he inferts the very words, which Jefus fpake, when he raised the daughter of Fairus: Talitha Kumi. I have omitted fome other things, peculiar to St. Mark in the account of these two miracles.

20.) Ch. vi. 13. In the account of the commiffion given to the twelve by Chrift in his life-time, he fays: they anointed many with oyl, and healed them. Which is mentioned by no other Evangelift, as was obferved of old by (r) Victor.

21.) Mark vii. 2. 3. 4. What is there faid of the Jews washing themfelves, when they come from the market, before they eat: and of their cleaning cups, pots, brafen veffels, and tables, is peculiar to St. Mark. Comp. Matt. xv. I. 2.

22.) Ch. vii. 21. 22. Are the things, that defile men. St. Matthew, ch. xv. 19. mentions feven things only. St. Mark has thirteen. And two of them, an evil eye, and foolishnesse, are very fingular.

(r) See Vol. xi. p. 34.

23.) Ch.

23.) Ch. vii. 31... 37. Our Lord beftows hearing and speech upon a deaf and dumb man.

24.) Ch. viii. 22. . . 26. Our Lord cures a blind man at Bethfaida. These two miracles are peculiar to St. Mark, being related by no other Evangelift.

25.) Ch. x. 46. 52. is the account of the miracle on the blind man near Jericho. St. Mark, ver. 46. calls him blind Bartimeus, fon of Timaeus. Not mentioned by the other Evangelifts. See Matt. xx. 29. 34. Luke xviii. 35... 43. And at ver. 50. he cafting away his garment, rofe, and came to Jefus. A circumftance peculiar to St. Mark. Which fhews his exact knowledge of the historie, as did likewise his calling the man by his name.

26.) Ch. xi. 13. For the time of figs was not yet: that is, the time of gathering was not yet come. A moft ufeful obfervation peculiar to this Evangelift, fhewing, that as there were leaves, it was reasonable to expect fruit on this fig-tree, if it was not barren. Upon this text might be confulted (s) Bilhop Kidder, and (t) Mr. Hallet.

27.) Ch. xiii. 3. 4. And as he fat upon the mount of Olives, over against the temple, Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, afked him privately, ... When fhall these things be? No other Evangelift has mentioned the names of the difciples, who put this question to our Saviour. Comp. Matt. xxiv. I... 3. Luke xxi. 5.

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28.) In Mark xii. 41... 44. and Luke xxi. 1. 4. is the account of the people cafting their gifts into the chefts of the treafurie, in the temple. St. Mark lays: And Jefus fat over against the treafurie. In which expreffion there is great propriety. And he alone mentions the value of the poor widow's two mites, faying: Which make a farthing.

29.) Ch. xiv. 51. And there followed him a certain young man, having a linen cloth caft about his naked body. And the young men [the guards] laid bold on him. 52. And he left the linen cloth, and fled from them naked. A particular, in no other Evangelift, yet very fitly taken notice of, as intimating the ufual noife and difturbance, when a man is taken up in the night-time, as a malefactor, and is carried before a magiftrate. By (u) the noife of the people paffing along that young perfon was excited to come haftily out of the houfe, where he was, to inquire, what was the matter, Mr. Le Clerc, in his French Teftament, has an useful note upon this place. He obferves the natural fimplicity of the Evangelifts narration. Which, as he juftly fays, confirms the truth of their hif

torie.

30.) Ch. xv. xi. And they compell one Simon, a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the countrey, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his croffe. That particular, the father of Alexander and Rufus, is in no other Evangelift. Comp. Matt. xxvii. 32. and Luke xxiii. 26.

(s) Demonftration of the Meffiah. Part 2. ch. ii. p. 38. 39.

(t) Notes and Difcourfes. Vol. 2. p. 114. 125.

31.) Ch.

(u) Non de Apoftolorum grege... fed ex villa aliqua horto proxima, ftrepitu militum excitatus, et fubito accurrens, ut confpiceret, quid ageretur. Grot. ad Marc, xi. 51.

31.) Ch. xvi. 3. 4. And they faid among themselves: Who shall roll us away the ftone from the door of the fepulchre. For it was very great. In no other Evangelift.

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32.) Ch. xvi. 7. But go your way. Tell his disciples, and Peter, that goes before you into Galilee. The mention of Peter is peculiar to St. Mark. For in Matt. xxviii. 7. it is: Go quickly, and tell his difciples. St. Luke has not recorded that meffage.

33.) I add nothing more of this kind. I have omitted many things, which are in this Gofpel, and no other, being apprehenfive, that if I enlarged farther, I fhould be charged with prolixity.

34.) The particulars that have been alleged, are fufficient to affure us, that St. Mark is not an epitomifer of another author: and that he was well acquainted with the things, of which he undertook to write a hiftorie. He writes as an eye-witneffe, or as one, who had full and authentic information at the firft hand. In a word, St. Mark's Gospel, though fhort, is a very valuable, and mafterly performance.

4. It may be proper for me to add one thing more: That I fuppofe the twelve verfes at the end of the fixteenth chapter to be a genuine part of this Gospel. If any doubt of it, I would refer them for their fatisfaction to Dr. Mill, and to the observations of Grotius at the begining of that chapter, and to Beza upon the ninth verse. And for explaining those twelve verses, and reconciling them with the other Evangelifts, I refer to Grotius, and other Commentators.

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I. His Hiftorie from the N. T. II. Teftimonies of ancient Chriftian Writers to St. Luke, aod his two Books, his Gospel, and the Acts. III. Remarks upon thofe Teftimonies. IV. The Time of writing his Gospel and the Acts. V. Internal Characters of Time in the Gospel. VI. The Place, where it was writ. VII. A general recollection of St. Luke's Character. VIII. Obfervations upon his Gospel. IX. Obfervations upon the Book of

the Acts.

His biftorie

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1. ****HE first time that we find any mention of St. from the N. T. Luke in the books of the New Teftament is in **** his (A) own hiftorie. Acts xvi. 10. 11. Whereby it appears, that he was in Paul's companie at Troas, before the A

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(A) From fome words in the Cambridge manufcript Bp. Pearfon has argued. that Luke was in Paul's companie from the year 43. Dein peragrat [Paulus] Phrygiam et Galatiam, et per Myfiam venit Troadem, ubi fe illi comitem adjunxiffe indicat Lucas xvi. 10. Qui antea etiam Antiochiæ cum Paulo

fuit,

1

postle took shipping to go into Macedonia: in which voyage St. Luke was one of the companie. ver. 8. And they paffing by Myfia, came to Troas. 9. And a vifion appeared to Paul in the night. There flood a man of Macedonia, and prayed him, faying: Come over into Macedonia, and help 10. And when he had feen the vifion, immediatly we endeavored to go into Macedonia, affuredly gathering, that the Lord had called us to preach the gospel to them. 11. Therefore loofing from Troas, we came with a strait courfe to Samothracia.

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In that journey St. Paul went from Samothracia to Neapolis, and thence to Philippi. 11... 17. So far St. Luke fpeaks in the first perfon plural. But having finished his account of the transactions at Philippi, which reaches to ver. 40. the laft of that chapter: at the begining of the next ch. xvii. 1. he (B) changeth the perfon, and fays: Now when they had paffed through Amphipolis, and Apollonia, they came to Theffalonica, where was a fynagogue of the Jews.

Nor does he any more exprefsly speak of himself, untill Paul was a fsecond time in Greece, and was fetting out for Jerufalem with the collections, which had been made for the poor faints in Judea, Acts xx. I... 6. And after the uproar [at Ephefus,] was ceafed, Paul called unto him the difciples, and embraced them, and departed for to go into Macedonia. And when he had gone over thofe parts, and had given them much exhortation, he came into Greece, and there abode three months. And when the Jews laid wait for him, as he was about to fail into Syria, he purposed to return through

Mace

fuit, et jam eum Troade affecutus eft: ut colligere licet ex Act. xi. 28. ubi Codex Cantabr. habet, ovvespaμpéra de ur. Ab anno igitur 43. per oftennium difcipulus fuerat Antiochiæ. Annal. Paulin. p. 10. But it is not fafe to relye upon one manufcript only, different from all others, and of no great authority. As Mr. Tillemont took notice of this obfervation of Pearson, I tranfcribe his thoughts about it. Selon le manufcrit de Cambrige S. Luc dit qu'il eftoit avec S. Paul à Antioche, des l'an 43. ce que Pearfon a receu. Mais il ne feroit pas feur de fier à un manufcrit different de tous les autres. Et quand cela fe pourroit en quelques occafions, ce ne feroit pas à l'égard du manufcrit de Cambrige, qui eft plein d'additions et alterations contraires au veritable texte de S. Luc. Mem. Ec. T. 2. S. Luc. note iii. Some may argue from these words, that Luke was a Gentil, converted by Paul at Antioch. And others might argue, that he is the fame as Lucius, mentioned Acts xiii. 1. But I fhould think it beft for neither fide to form an argument from this reading. Mr. Wetstein has referred us to a place of St. Auguftin, where this text is quoted very agreeably to the Cambridge manufcript. In illis autem diebus defcenderunt ab Jerofolymis Propheta Antiochiam. Congregatis autem nobis, furgens unus ex illis, nomine Agabus. &c. De Serm. Dom. 1. 2. c. 17. But it is obfervable, that Irenaeus l. 3. c. 14. init. a more ancient writer, enumerating St. Luke's journeys in St. Paul's companie, begins at Troas. Acts xvi. 8... 10. I prefume, it must be beft to relye upon him, and the general confent of all manufcripts, except one, in the common reading.

(B) Nevertheless it is fuppofed by many, that Luke continued with Paul. Irenaeus calls him Paul's infeparable companion, after his coming to be with the Apoftle at Troas. Adv. H. l. 3. c. 14. So likewife Cave, Cujus perinde fectator erat, et omnis peregrinationis comes. H. L. T. i. p. 25. See aljo Tillem. St. Luc. Mem. Ec. T. 2.

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